MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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RESEARCH WHAT IS A CITY?

A city is a large, developed urban areas that has a considerably large population

density compared to other places. It must has buildings and some public services.

There are no exact definition for a city and it varies between countries.

WHAT MAKES A GOOD CITY?

LIVABILITY

Low pollution High usage of renewable energy

Clean and organized streets

Social areas (example: parks)

Good transportation means and connectivity between places

Good telecommunication services

Historical and cultural significance

Strong sense of place

SUSTAINABILITY

Good utilities

Good public service

High amount of residential areas (to overcome increasing population)

Good security

Sufficient energy and water supply

Excellent sewerage system

WHAT DO PEOPLE LOVE MOST ABOUT THEIR CITY

According to a survey conducted by planning and design firm Sasaki Associates:

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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CITY ON THE WATER

VENICE, ITALY (400 A.D PRESENT)

HISTORY

The history of Venice began in 400 A.D as a safe haven or shelter from the Gothic

invasions that is happening in mainland Italy. Thousands fled and sought

sanctuary in the channels and shoals of the lagoon due to its geographical

advantage. By 450 A.D, the city has a large permanent population and because

of this, the city grew significantly.

What they did:

They decided to build further into nearby islands and extend the existing island

with wooden stilts and built on top of it.

Why:

To cater constantly increasing population and to solve overcrowding problems.

Problems:

Today, some parts of town is slowly sinking due to the fact that wood is not a

suitable material to be used for foundation. The rising of sea water due to global

warming also contribute to this fact.

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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CITY ON THE WATER

PALM JUMEIRAH, DUBAI (2001 PRESENT)

HISTORY

The construction of Palm Jumeirah started in 2001 after years of feasibility study.

The idea directly from the ruler of Dubai and the project is developed by real

estate developer Nakheel Properties. The construction is finished in 2007 with more

than 4,000 luxury villas and apartments. At this time it is the largest artificial island

in the world.

What they did:

The whole island is made using land reclamation process. The island is made using

sand dredged from the bottom of the Persian Gulf which is then sprayed from the

dredging ships onto the required area. This process is known as rainbowing.

Breakwater is made using stones on the outer edge of the island to maintain the

shape of the island.

Why:

The main purpose of Palm Jumeirah is for luxurious residential, tourism and leisure

destination. It is also built as an incredible feat in engineering and construction.

Problems:

As the whole island is made from sand, erosion due to wind and water current is

one of the biggest problems faced. Furthermore, it also disrupt and damage the

marine environment and ecology due to the environment alterations.

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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CITY ON THE WATER - CONCLUSION

According to the case study, reason why people build on the water is:

To cater more people due to increase in population.

To allow them to build more buildings (such as residential/commercial/

public service etc...) when there is no space available.

For tourism and leisure destination.

However, building on the water could led to many problems:

Sea level is slowly rising due to global warming. It is estimated that it could

rise between 50cm to 100cm by the year 2100.

The foundation of the city could led to erosion or corrosion over time.

It could greatly impact the marine environment and ecology.

It could be flooded more frequently, mainly during storms and rain.

Another problems would be that it will be affected by potential tsunamis

and earthquake.

HOW TO OVERCOME THIS PROBLEMS?

The city foundation should be built slightly higher than the current water

levels. This allows the city to withstand rising sea level.

Reinforce the material used for the foundation with strong and least-

reactive material.

Conserve the marine life by building aquariums and sanctuaries.

Build an automated flood control system in which it keeps the water level

consistent at all times.

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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ECO-CITY

WHAT IS AN ECO-CITY?

In a simplistic term, an eco-city is basically an ecologically healthy city that is self-

sustainable while keeping the function of natural ecosystems and living organisms.

It must:

Use renewable and clean energy significantly.

Use clean water.

Reusing and recycling waste whenever possible and has efficient waste

management.

Has clean and efficient transport method.

Contain lots of green spaces such as parks and natural forest.

Use green and eco-friendly technology.

Contain a good connectivity between key locations.

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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X CITY RESEARCH ANGKASA CITY

Terminology:

Angkasa means outer-space in Malay. It also refers to Malaysian National Space

Agency. This is to emphasize on the importance of science and technology the

city.

Why:

I decided that my city will has a main industry on astronomy and space-related

research along with tourism. This is to reflect the modernity and give importance

to the scientific community in the region. Astronomy is also one of the most

important scientific branch in the 21st century.

I also chose tourism as a secondary industry as Malaysia is one of the top tourism

destination in the world.

MAIN INDUSTRY

Space Research:

Rocket/satellite launch pad

Space centers and facilities

Space research centers/academy

Observatory

Deep space communication

complex

Discovery centers

Tourism:

Marine life sanctuary and aquariums

Theme park

Resorts and Hotels

Culture and arts gallery

Recreational green space

Retails and shopping malls

Man-made beaches

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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LOCATION

BACKGROUND INFO

Location: Selangor part of Malacca strait, Below Pelabuhan Klang

Depth: 20m 60m

Importance:

A popular and significant route for ships. (ie. 15 million barrels of oil and

petroleum products pass through it daily)

Strategically important route for China as nearly 80% of China's crude oil

imports pass through it to go to Africa and Middle East.

Risks:

Prone to tsunamis and mild earthquake.

A considerable security risk due to illegal migrants and much more rarely,

piracy (ship hijacks).

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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AIMS

The key idea behind Angkasa City will be sustainable living. It means that

the city will have all the necessary things that can meet the aspiration of

todays residents as well as the futures.

It should be allowed to cater at least 500,000 people as the population

are steadily increasing.

The city will have an exceptionally good security by having a good security

structure.

It will be an ecologically friendly city, using renewable energy and clean

water and has almost zero carbon emission.

It will have integration between functional space and green space where

people could relax themselves in a clean and fresh environment.

It will have an effective and clean transportation means as well as good

connectivity between key locations to minimize carbon footprint.

The two main industry that will be focused on is space research and tourism

as these two industry are growing and are economically viable.

CITY INSPIRATION (IMAGES

MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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MUHAMMAD NAZMI BIN KAMARULZAMAN - 0322251 ENBE FINAL PROJECT INDIVIDUAL

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BASE PLAN EXPLANATION

The overall shape of the city is designed to look like a satellite from above.

It consist of three different types of shape circle, triangle and hexagon.

o The main foundation is circular in shape. This is to establish an

organized concentric grid in the city. This also allows the city to have

a definite center a main focal point of the city.

o All the residential areas is made with triangular blocks. This allows the

residential areas to be organized while also look unique and

interesting.

o Hexagons symbolize the future as it is often seen in futuristic

depictions. Both triangle and hexagons tessellate perfectly.

6 straight roads from the center of the city allows for impressive axis view.

The area below the c