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Anger and Sensuality Highest Intellect High Spirituality,...typography is expressed. 19 ... Bayer:...
Transcript of Anger and Sensuality Highest Intellect High Spirituality,...typography is expressed. 19 ... Bayer:...
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High Spirituality,
Highest Intellect
Anger and Sensuality
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“StArt from zero.”
Walter Gropius, 1920
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A language of vision: “a code of abstract forms addressed to immediate biological perception rather than to culturally conditioned intellect.”
— The ABCs of the Bauhaus and Design Theory
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Johannes Itten
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tHe “BASIc courSe” (Vorkurs)
“ a laboratory in which the elements of this visual language were identified and analyzed— from point, line, plane to color, texture, pattern, scale and contrast) and to teach these formal concepts to the students.”
See Ellen Lupton, J.Abbott Miller. ABC’s of the Bauhaus: Bauhaus and Design Theory.
Thames & Hudson 1993.
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Wassily Kandinsky
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Kandinsky’s on White II (1923)
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High Spirituality, Devotion to Noble
Ideals and religious feeling
Highest Intellect
Pride, Avarice, Anger and Sensuality
Kandinsky envisioned pictorial composition as a system of oppositional forces.
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“ We see this kind of fascination with organizing geometeric and typgraphic elements in formal opposition to attain this language of the visual over and over during this period.”
See Ellen Lupton, J.Abbott Miller. ABC’s of the Bauhaus: Bauhaus and Design Theory.
Thames & Hudson 1993.
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Herbert Bayer 1969
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Bauhau in Dessau
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Herbert Bayer: Kandinsky’s Birthday exhibition 1926
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Bayer, Bauhaus Letterhead 1925
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Bayer: universal typeface 1925
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Bayer: universal typeface 1925
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“ we write everything in lowercase, as this saves us time, why two alphabets for only one word [...]? why write in capital letters when one does not speak in capital letters?”
—Herbert Bayer
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BAYer’S IDeAS IN “oN tYPoGrAPHY”
— increased demands for our attention in the increasingly visually stimulating society
— from a new alphabet (that he feels will eventually surface)
— the changing mediums through which typography is expressed
Radical change will occur because of the changing mediums through which typography is expressed
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We must fundamentally rethink the alphabet to really reform typography
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Bayer: european Arts & crafts expo 1927
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Bayer: Poelzig Lecture Poster 1926
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Bayer: Staatliches Bauhaus (cover) 1923
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László moholy-Nagy
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“ everyone is equal before the machine...there is no tradition in technology, no class consciousness.”
—Moholy-Nagy
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art and technology: the new unity
(Revised Bauhaus slogan)
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to reALLY reform tYPe, NeW
tecHNoLoGY NeeDS to form
tHe BASIS (PHotoGrAPHY, fILm,
PHotoeNGrAvING AND eLetroPLAtING
tecHNIqueS)
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Photography was the means to a whole new way of seeing, it augmented sight.
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PHotoGrAm
cameraless photography
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“ Everyone will be compelled to see objectively the optically true, which is explicable in its own terms, before he can generally arrive at a subjective position.”
—Moholy-Nagy
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photogram
photoplastic
typofoto
reality photographs
A WAY of commuNIcAtING uNIverSAL trutHeS tHrouGH A WHoLe NeW SeNSorY PerSPectIve
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moholy-Nagy, Painting Photography Film (cover) 1925
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moholy-Nagy, Painting Photography Film 1925
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tYPoPHoto
the combination of photographs and typography (in book and advertising layouts).
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“ The form, the rendering, is constructed out of the optical and associative relationships: into a visual, associative, conceptual, synthetic continuity: into the typophoto as an unambigu-ous rendering in an optically valid form.”
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“ the hygiene of the optical, the health of the visible is slowly filtering through”
—Moholy-Nagy
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communication >> typography >> person
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comm/typography >> person
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moholy-Nagy, Bauhaus Book 14 1925
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moholy-Nagy, Bauhaus Books 1925
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moholy-Nagy, Bauhaus Books 1925
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moholy-Nagy, Der Stuh Neue typografie 1929
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moholy-Nagy, light-space modulator 1925
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moholy-Nagy, Staatliches Bauhaus (cover) 1923
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In 1933, the Nazis close the Bauhaus.
In 1937, Moholy-Nagy leaves for Chicago to start the New Bauhaus.
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In 1933, the Nazis close the Bauhaus.
In 1937, Moholy-Nagy leaves for Chicago to start the New Bauhaus.
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What do people now associate with the Bauhaus? What do you associate?
Did the work created at the Bauhaus fulfill the avant-garde goal of art that was accessible to all?