Anesthesia Unitsdocshare01.docshare.tips/files/4328/43289104.pdfrated by a vaporizer. Vaporizers add...

August 1999

Anesthesia UnitsPurpose

Anesthesia units dispense a mixture of gases andvapors and vary the proportion to control a patient’slevel of consciousness and/or analgesia during surgicalprocedures. Basically, anesthesia units perform thefollowing four functions:

• Provide oxygen (O2) to the patient

• Blend gas mixtures that can include, besides O2, ananesthetic vapor, nitrous oxide (N2O,) air, and othermedical gases

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Scope of this Product ComparisonThis Product Comparison covers anesthesia sys-tems that can have the following components:mainframes, hanger yokes and gauges, flowme-ters, vaporizers, flush valves, carbon dioxide(CO2) absorbers, ventilators, scavenging sys-tems, monitors, and alarms. Not included areseparate analyzers designed to measure concen-trations of halogenated anesthetics and gasessupplied to the unit or to detect levels present inthe operating room; also not included are sepa-rate stand-alone physiologic monitoring systems.For information on any of these devices, see thefollowing Product Comparisons:

• Halogenated Anesthetics Analyzers

• Multiple Medical Gas Monitors, Respired/Anesthetic

• Oxygen Monitors

• Physiologic Monitoring Systems, Acute Care;Neonatal; ECG Monitors

• Pressure Monitors, Airway

• Spectrometers, Mass, Respiratory/AnestheticGas Monitoring

UMDNS informationThis Product Comparison covers the following de-vice term and product code as listed in ECRI’sUniversal Medical Device Nomenclature System™(UMDNS™):

• Anesthesia Units [10-134]

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• Facilitate ventilation with these gas mixtures, re-gardless of whether ventilation is spontaneous, con-trolled, or assisted

• Reduce, if not eliminate, anesthesia-related risks tothe patient and clinical staff

The patient is anesthetized by inspiring a mixtureof O2, the vapor of a volatile liquid halogenated hydro-carbon anesthetic, and, perhaps, N2O and other gases.Because normal breathing is routinely depressed bythe anesthetic agents and by muscle relaxants admin-istered in conjunction with the anesthetic agents, res-piratory assistance — either with an automaticventilator or by manual compression of the reservoirbag — is usually necessary to deliver the breathing gasto the patient.

Principles of operationAn anesthesia machine comprises four basic sub-

systems: a gas supply and control circuit, a breathingand ventilation circuit, a scavenging system, and a setof system function and breathing circuit monitors(e.g., inspired O2 concentration and breathing circuitintegrity). Also included in some anesthesia systemsare a number of monitors and alarms that indicatelevels and variations of several physiological vari-ables and parameters associated with cardiopulmon-ary function and/or gas and agent concentrations inbreathed-gas mixtures. Manufacturers typically offera minimum combination of monitors, alarms, andother features that customers must purchase to meetstandards and ensure patient safety. To meet theminimum standard of care in the United States, an-esthesia machines must monitor O2 concentration,airway pressure, and either the volume of expired gas(Vexp) or the concentration of expired CO2.

Gas supply and control

Because O2 and N2O are used in large quantities,they are usually drawn from the hospital’s central gassupplies. In the United States, cylinders containingcompressed O2, N2O, and sometimes other gases aremounted on yokes attached to the anesthesia machineand can serve as an emergency gas supply in casecentral supplies fail. The requirements in other coun-tries throughout the world may not necessarily call forcylinders to be attached to the anesthesia machine asan emergency backup. The United States requiresindexing pins, which are intended to prevent acciden-tal mounting of a gas cylinder on the incorrect yoke.Each gas entering the system from a cylinder flowsthrough a filter, a one-way check valve, and a regulatorthat lowers the pressure to approximately 45 poundsper square inch (psi). There is no need for a separate

regulator when the central gas supply is used becausethe pressure is already at about 50 psi.

Most anesthesia machines have an O2 supply fail-ure device and alarm that protect the patient frominadequate O2 supply. If the O2 supply pressure dropsbelow about 25 to 30 psi, the unit decreases or shutsoff the flow of the other gases and activates an alarm.

The flow of each gas in a continuous-flow unit iscontrolled by a valve and indicated by a flowmeter. Theflowmeter can be a purely mechanical arrangement,with a flow tube in which a bobbin moves up and downdepending on the flow, or the flowmeter can be anelectronic sensor with an LCD (liquid crystal display).After the gases pass through the control valve andflowmeter, enter the low-pressure system, and passthrough a vaporizer if required, they are administeredto the patient. On machines sold in the United States,the N2O and O2 flow controls are interlocked so thatthe proportion of O2 to N2O can never fall below aminimum value (nominal 0.25) to produce a hypoxicbreathing mixture. An O2 monitor, located on theinspiratory side of the breathing circuit or analyzinggas sampled from the Y-piece of the patient’s breathingcircuit, displays O2 concentration in volume percent.O2 monitors should sound an alarm when the O2 fallsbelow the preset limit.

If the flow of anesthetic gases to the patient mustbe stopped for any reason, an O2 flush valve can beactivated to provide a large flow of central-source O2

to purge the breathing circuit of anesthetic vapors. TheO2 flush flow bypasses the flowmeters and vaporizers.In some units, the anesthetic gas flow momentarilyshuts off.

Vaporizers

Because the inhaled anesthetic agents, with theexception of N2O, exist as liquids at room temperatureand sea-level ambient pressure, they must be evapo-rated by a vaporizer. Vaporizers add a controlledamount of anesthetic vapor to the gas mixture. Someanesthesia units can accommodate up to three vapor-izers. Most units have a lockout mechanism that pre-vents the use of more than one vaporizer at a time.There are several types of vaporizers, including vari-able bypass (conventional), heated blender, measuredflow, and draw-over. Variable bypass vaporizers cannow be either mechanically controlled or electronicallycontrolled.

Variable bypass and heated blender vaporizers areconcentration calibrated and thus can deliver a prese-lected concentration of vapor under varying condi-tions. In a variable bypass vaporizer, such as those

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used for enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, or sevoflu-rane, a shunt valve divides the gas mixture enteringthe vaporizer into two streams; the larger streampasses directly to the outlet of the vaporizer, while thesmaller stream is diverted through an internal cham-ber in which vapor fills the space over the relativelyvolatile liquid anesthetic. The vapor mixes with the gasof the smaller stream, which then rejoins the largerstream as it exits the vaporizer. In a mechanicallycontrolled variable bypass vaporizer, a bimetallic ther-mal sensor that regulates a shunt valve to divert moreor less gas through the chamber compensates for tem-perature changes that affect the equilibrium vaporpressure above the liquid. Each variable bypass va-porizer is specifically designed and calibrated for aparticular liquid anesthetic.

The heated blender vaporizer was introduced foruse with the anesthetic agent desflurane (see the April1994 Health Devices citation below). In this type ofvaporizer, desflurane is heated in a sump chamber. Astream of vapor under pressure flows out of the sumpand blends with the background gas stream flowingthrough the vaporizer. Desflurane concentration iscontrolled by an adjustable, feedback-controlled, me-tering valve in the vapor stream.

Measured flow (also known as copper kettle or flow-meter-controlled) vaporizers are not concentrationcalibrated; in this type of vaporizer, a measured flowof carrier gas is used to pick up anesthetic gas. Thistype of vaporizer has become almost obsolete in theUnited States since the adoption of a standard thatrequires all vaporizers to be concentration calibrated(ASTM standards; see Standards and Guidelines).These vaporizers are sometimes used by veterinariansin the United States, and they may still be in useoutside the United States.

Draw-over vaporizers are sometimes used by themilitary in the field, but they are not typically used inthe United States. They are usually employed in situ-ations or countries where pressurized gas sources areunavailable. Such units offer low resistance to gas flowand are relatively simple. Specific examples of thesevaporizers include the Goldman halothane, theMcKesson, the Rowbotham, the Oxford miniature, theEMO (Epstein, Macintosh, Oxford), and the EMOether inhaler.

A few anesthesia units now have a liquid-injectortype of vaporizer. This vaporizer is electronically con-trolled and directly injects the liquid anesthetic agentinto the stream of gases.

Ventilation

Manual ventilation, which requires that an operatormanually squeeze the reservoir bag for each patientbreath, can be tiring during long procedures and cancompete with other tasks; therefore, an automatic ven-tilator is often used to mechanically deliver breaths tothe patient. These ventilators, which have a minimalnumber of control settings and are usually electroni-cally controlled and pneumatically powered, use a bel-lows in place of the manually compressed reservoir bag.The ventilator forces the anesthesia gas mixture intothe patient’s breathing circuit and lungs and, in a circlebreathing system (discussed below), receives exhaledbreath from the patient as well as fresh gas. Theanesthetist can vary the volume of a single breath (tidalvolume) and the ventilation rate, either directly bysetting them on the ventilator or indirectly by adjustingparameters such as the duration of inspiration, theinspiratory flow, and the ratio of inspiratory to expira-tory time (I:E ratio). The ventilatory pattern is adjustedto the varying needs of the patient. For patients withspecial respiratory support needs, a more sophisticatedventilator with capabilities similar to those used incritical care applications may be required.

Minute ventilation, the total volume inspired orexpired during one minute, can be evaluated as theproduct of the expired tidal volume and the ventilationrate. It requires careful monitoring, not only becauseit is physiologically important to the patient, but alsobecause it can indicate malfunctions of the ventilationdelivery system (e.g., leaks in the breathing circuit).The expired tidal volume can be measured with aflowmeter, with a spirometer, or with a sensor placedin the expiratory circuit. Some anesthesia ventilatorscan also limit the peak inspiratory pressure, slow therate of exhalation, provide ventilation only when thepatient is not making inspiratory efforts, and maintaina positive airway pressure during the expiratory phaseof the breath (positive end-expiratory pressure[PEEP]).

Breathing circuits

Most anesthesia systems are continuous-flow sys-tems (see Fig. 1), which provide a continuous supply ofO2 and anesthetic gases. There are two basic types ofbreathing circuits used in these systems: the circlesystem and the T-piece system (see Fig. 2), each ofwhich can assume various configurations. (A commonconfiguration of the T-piece system is the Bain modifi-cation of the Mapleson D system.) A higher proportionof anesthetic gases is rebreathed in the circle system,which uses check valves to force gas to flow in a loopand returns expired gases (minus the CO2), plus fresh

Anesthesia Units

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gas, to the patient. In the T-piece circuit, most of theexhaled gas is vented out of the system, but the portionrebreathed depends on the fresh-gas flow rate.

In the circle system, fresh gas from the anesthesiamachine enters the inspiratory limb of the breathingcircuit and mixes with gas in the system before theresulting mixture flows through a one-way valve to thepatient. Expired gas flows from the patient, througha second (expiratory) limb of the circuit, passing an-other one-way valve, and flows into either a reservoirbag or a ventilator bellows. When positive pressure isgenerated in the system, either by a manual squeezeof the reservoir bag or by compression of the bellowsby a mechanical ventilator, collected gas that does notescape via an adjustable pressure-limiting (APL) valveto the scavenging system is driven through a CO2

absorption canister and back to the patient. The can-ister contains either soda lime or barium hydroxidelime that removes CO2 from the rebreathed gases. Incircle breathing systems, a fresh-gas flow of 1 L/minor less typically is considered low-flow anesthesia (4 to10 L/min is typically considered the usual fresh-gasflow rate). A fresh-gas flow of 0.5 L/min is generallyconsidered minimal-flow anesthesia. In situationswhere the cost of anesthetic agents is high, low-flowanesthesia may be the preferred option.

Machines with T-piece design have corrugated tub-ing in which fresh gas and some expired gas mix beforeentering the patient at each inhalation. Partial re-breathing is controlled by the supply rate of fresh gas,and the exhaled anesthetic mixture leaves the circuitthrough an APL valve. Elimination of rebreathed CO2

depends on fresh-gas flow and occurs in direct propor-tion to that flow. This system, though adaptable to avariety of anesthetic procedures, is used most often inpediatric anesthesia.

Circle systems offer advantages over T-piece sys-tems in that they conserve a greater proportion of theanesthetic gases and conserve body heat and moisturefrom the patient. The advantages of T-piece systemsinclude a lower circuit compliance, easier circuit ster-ilization, and a less complex design requiring fewervalves and no CO2 absorber (although one can be usedwith it).

Because excess pressure imposed on the patient’slungs can cause serious lung damage, either an APLvalve or a valve in the ventilator allows excess gas toescape when a preset pressure is exceeded. There aretwo types of APL valves: spring-loaded and needlevalves. The spring tension in spring-loaded APL valvescan be adjusted to control the pressure at which thevalve will open. At pressures below this, the valve isclosed. The needle-valve type is always open exceptwhen fully closed. The pressure in the breathing sys-tem maintained by the needle valve depends on theflow through the valve. Therefore, when the valve isnot fully closed, gas will always leak from the system.The minimum exhaust pressure required to refill aventilator bellows is usually 1 to 2 cm H2O; for maxi-mum pressure, both types of valve are fully closed.Because many APL valves do not have calibratedmarkings, the anesthetist must adjust them empiri-cally to give a desired peak inspired pressure. Circlesystems and T-piece systems also include a pressure

Figure 1. Continuous-flow anesthesia system

Gas/Vapor Blending SystemReserveCylinders

Gas Pipelines

N O Shutoff/Low O Pressure Alarm2 2

O Flush Valve2

Fresh Gas Flow Patient

Selector Valve

Ventilator

APLValve

ReservoirBag

To Atmosphere

Gas Supply

VaporizerGas Controland

Flowmeters

ScavengingSystem

C86

6UN

7A-0

1

BreathingCircuit



gauge for monitoring circuit pressure and setting theAPL valve. An electronically controlled, settable, andcalibrated APL valve is available on some anesthesiamachines.

Scavenging system

A scavenging system captures and exhausts wastegases to minimize the exposure of the operating roomstaff to harmful anesthetic agents. Scavenging sys-tems remove gas by a vacuum, a passive exhaustsystem, or both. Vacuum scavengers use the suctionfrom an operating room vacuum wall outlet or a dedi-cated vacuum system. To prevent positive or negativepressure in the vacuum system from affecting thepressure in the patient circuit, manifold-type vacuumscavengers use one or more positive or negative pres-sure-relief valves in an interface with the anesthesiasystems. In contrast, open-type vacuum scavengershave vacuum ports that are open to the atmospherethrough some type of reservoir; such units do notrequire valves for pressure relief.

Passive exhaust scavengers can vent into a hospitalventilation system (if the system is the non-recirculating

type) or, preferably, into a dedicated exhaust system.The slight pressure of the waste-gas discharge fromthe anesthesia machine forces gas through large-boretubing and into the disposal system or directly into theatmosphere.

Monitors and alarms

Anesthesia systems incorporate a set of equipment-related monitors, including those for airway pressure,expiratory volume, and inspired O2 concentration.They can also include exhaled anesthetic agent moni-toring such as those for CO2 concentration, N2O con-centration, and agent concentration, or physiologicmonitors, such as those for blood oxygen saturation bypulse oximetry, ECG, invasive and noninvasive bloodpressure, and temperature.

Anesthesia systems are typically configured withrespect to their monitors in one of two ways: either asmodular systems or as preconfigured systems. In themodular approach, an anesthesia machine with a basicset of equipment monitors (usually airway pressure,inspired O2 concentration, and expired volume) is usedas a physical platform for the system. Additional physi-ologic monitors, individually or in a monitoring system(with its own display and alarms), along with otherdevices as needed, are obtained separately and addedto the system. The preconfigured approach involves amore completely integrated, manufacturer-assembledsystem that already includes all physiologic and equip-ment monitors and displays in a turnkey unit.

Some units may have methods of integrating, ana-lyzing, displaying, and recording the information gen-erated by the monitors, their sensors, and theiralarms. Microprocessors have been incorporated intothe systems to implement these functions. Stand-alonemicroprocessor-controlled data collection and displayunits have been used to integrate modular anesthesiasystems. These units can also be used as part of ananesthesia information management system.

Integration of the information and alarms from eachof the monitors into a single display has become veryimportant. An integrated display gives the anesthetista single point of reference for a wide variety of equip-ment and physiologic information. Anesthesia ma-chines that lack integrated alarms can sometimescause confusion among anesthetists and operatingroom teams by sounding numerous alarms simultane-ously. In an integrated system of information andalarms, visual alarm messages appear on a centraldisplay; furthermore, audible and visual alarms areprioritized so that the more urgent alarm sounds andvisual signals are associated with the more vital moni-tored variables.

Figure 2. Examples of breathing circuits

Fresh Gas Flow

One-Way Valve

One-Way Valve

CO Absorber2

To Mechanical Ventilationand the Scavenging System

Circle BreathingSystem

Idealization of T-PieceSystem

C86

6UN

7A-0

2

Fresh Gas Flow

To Mechanical Ventilationand the Scavenging System

Anesthesia Units


An anesthesia workstation is designed to centralizesystem control and to integrate the display of informa-tion. This involves continuous acquisition, recording,and presentation, on a central display, of selectedmonitored physiologic and equipment variables (inreal time or using historical trends) along with limitsettings and the status of all alarms, plus explanatorymessages.

Several models exist to predict the level of wakeful-ness in anesthetized patients, such as the RamsayScale and the Modified Observer’s Assessment ofAlertness/Sedation Scale. However, in lieu of a directmethod of monitoring brain activity during surgery,users may rely on indirect means of assessing con-sciousness, such as blood pressure and vital signs.According to proponents of the Bispectral Index (BIS),this indirect method measures the effectiveness ofpain-killing agents, while ignoring the sedatives andparalytic elements that constitute a significant portionof anesthetic agents. Some anesthesia units may incor-porate this technology as an additional tool to monitorthe patient. BIS monitors used a metered scale toindicate the degree of patient wakefulness based oncollected and processed data. A digital meter indicatesthe numeral on the scale that corresponds to the pa-tient’s degree of wakefulness, with a higher numberrepresenting a higher degree of consciousness andawareness of sensation despite the presence of anes-thetic agents.

Automated anesthesia record keeper/anesthesiainformation management systems

Automated anesthesia record keepers (AARKs) areavailable either as an option on some anesthesia unitsor from third-party suppliers. They are used for col-lecting data from electronic ventilation and monitoringequipment having appropriate outputs. Vital signssuch as blood pressure, heart rate, end-tidal CO2, andoximeter values are recorded at specific intervals andplotted in graph form. Drug dosages, lab data, intraop-erative events, and gas delivery rates are entered intothe system either manually or by some semiautomatedmeans; comments can also be entered directly onto therecord. An AARK produces a formatted hard copy ofthe anesthesia record for patients’ files. Gathering andstoring such data can expedite individual patient man-agement and billing, quality assurance, critical inci-dent analysis, and teaching. However, automatedrecord keeping has not achieved wide acceptance, inpart because of many clinicians’ concerns about mis-leading artifacts being entered into the record, hospitalpersonnel’s resistance to change, and the cost of imple-menting an automated record keeper.

An anesthesia information management system(AIMS) can receive, analyze, store, and distribute in-formation relating to the clinical and administrativemanagement of anesthesia. Information can be col-lected from numerous sources associated both directlywith anesthesia administration (e.g., an AARK sys-tem) and indirectly with the surgical procedure (e.g.,preoperative evaluation, laboratory, pharmacy). Long-term storage capabilities aid in quality assurance andanesthesiology research. Some systems may also in-corporate administrative management tools such asroom scheduling and patient billing. (For further in-formation, see the Product Comparison titled DATAMANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, ANESTHESIA.)

Reported problemsProblems have been reported with all parts of anes-

thesia systems. Because patients under general anes-thesia are entirely dependent on others for lifesupport, errors caused by machine failure, faulty ad-justments, or the operator can be critical. Pre-usechecklists, regular inspections, and preventive main-tenance can minimize anesthesia unit hazards.

One of the greatest dangers of general anesthesia is alack of O2 reaching the patient (hypoxia), which canresult in brain damage or death. Conversely, the admini-stration of O2 in a concentration of 100%, even for a shortduration, may be toxic. Inhalation of 100% O2 may causeresorption atelectasis. The danger of inhaling 100% O2

is particularly acute in neonatal anesthesia, whereretrolental fibroplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasiacan be caused by inhalation, even for a very short dura-tion, of 100% O2. Inadequate O2 delivery can be causedby any number of conditions, including disconnection ofthe patient from the breathing circuit; accidental move-ment of the O2, N2O, or other gas flow control settingknobs; changes in the patient’s lung compliance; and gasleaks. One common safety measure is the inclusion of anO2 monitor and a CO2 monitor or an expired volumealarm (in an anesthesia unit with an ascending bellows)in the anesthesia system. An O2 monitor warns of inade-quate O2 concentration in the inspiratory limb. A CO2

monitor or a spirometer alarm (in an anesthesia unitwith an ascending bellows) in the breathing circuit canalert the anesthetist to inadequate ventilation, such asthat caused by a disconnection.

ECRI has investigated incidents of patient exposureto carbon monoxide (CO) during the administration ofinhalation anesthetics through semiclosed circle anes-thesia systems. Once in the blood, CO binds tightly withhemoglobin, forming carboxyhemoglobin and diminish-ing the ability of hemoglobin to transport and releaseoxygen. A reaction between halogenated anesthetic



agents and commonly used CO2 absorbents can pro-duce CO if the CO2 absorbent is excessively dry. Dryingout can occur when (1) an anesthesia machine has beensitting idle (e.g., over a weekend), and (2) there is acontinuous flow of medical gas (which is very dry)through the CO2 absorber. When dry, the absorbentbecomes highly reactive in the presence of certainhalogenated agents, resulting in the production of COas the agent flows through the machine’s CO2 ab-sorber. ECRI recommends that the absorbent materialin both canisters of an absorber be replaced wheneverthere is reason to believe that a machine has been leftidle with gas flowing for an undetermined time. Freshabsorbent materials are sufficiently hydrated and nor-mally remain hydrated by exhaled water vapor in thecircle system, thereby preventing reaction with halo-genated agents.

Some anesthesia system malfunctions can cause de-livery of gas with excessive CO2 concentration, inade-quate or excessive anesthetic agent, or dangerously highpressure. Hypoventilation, compromised cardiac output,air in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax), and asphyxi-ation are possible consequences of such problems.

Improperly calibrated vaporizers can result in thedelivery of the wrong concentration of anesthetic agentto the patient. Removing some vaporizers from theanesthesia machine and transporting them can dis-turb their calibration and could eventually cause de-livery of too much or too little anesthesia. The outputof anesthesia vaporizers should be tested each time oneis removed from a system and each time it is returnedto service. Each vaporizer should be inspected and thecalibration verified at least twice a year.

Contamination of any partof theanesthesia breathingcircuit, including the breathing tubes, Y-connector, facemask, and reservoir bag, may lead to nosocomial infec-tions. Reported cases include infections of the upperrespiratory tract or the lungs and, in one instance inAustralia, transmission of hepatitis C. The Centers forDiseaseControland Prevention (CDC)and the AmericanAssociation of Nurse Anesthetists (AANA) recommendthe single use of disposables or high-level disinfection ofreusables or disposables between patients to preventcross-contamination. There has been some controversyconcerning the use of disposable bacteria filters to pre-vent patient cross-infections (Berry and Nolte 1991;Brooks et al. 1991; Dorsch and Dorsch 1994; Snowdon1994; Hogarth 1996; Komesaroff 1996). CDC has notmade a definitive recommendation concerning the use ofbacterial filters with anesthesia machines. Possible haz-ards, such as the increased impedance to gas flows andobstruction of the circuit, are associated with these fil-ters. Also, because many viruses are difficult to culture,

the efficacy of viral filters that attempt to reduce viralcontamination of breathing systems is not established.Frequent replacement of disposable filters can preventinadequate gas delivery due to clogging, and somefilters can be sterilized and reused.

The piping connections for O2 and N2O within thehospital walls can be accidentally interchanged duringinstallation or repair of medical gas systems, with thepotential for causing patient injuries or deaths. Afterany such work, careful inspection and testing with anO2 analyzer are vital. Gas lines should also be checkedfor liquid, gaseous, solid particulate, and microorgan-ism contamination after such work and periodicallythereafter.

In the United States, a diameter index safety sys-tem (DISS) is used to prevent the connection of gashoses from the machine to the wrong wall outlet, anda pin index safety system (PISS) is used to prevent theconnection of the wrong cylinders to the yokes in theanesthesia machine. The PISS employs pins protrud-ing from the yoke that correspond to holes in a specifictype of gas cylinder post. Only a cylinder post with thecorresponding holes can fit properly onto the yoke.Other countries have similar requirements to ensurethe proper connection of all medical gas hoses to theanesthesia machine.

Faulty or inoperative scavenging systems are re-sponsible for most anesthetic gas pollution in the op-erating room; other causes include improperanesthesia administration technique and leaks in an-esthesia equipment. Common sources of leaks includeworn hose connectors, the CO2 absorber, the APLvalve, and the endotracheal tube or mask. Currentscientific and epidemiologic studies have shown thatexposure to trace levels of anesthetic gases continuallypresent in the operating room can cause adversehealth effects in operating room personnel, such as anincreased incidence of spontaneous abortion and con-genital anomalies in offspring. In addition, trace gaslevels in the air may have a slight anesthetizing effecton the anesthetist and surgeon.

The increased interest in low-flow anesthesia to re-duce costs has increased the potential danger of leaks inthe anesthesia unit. Because low-flow anesthesia re-quires very little fresh gas flow, a leak in the equipmentcan result in inadequate delivery of O2 and anestheticgases. Regular testing of the anesthesia equipment us-ing standard leak tests should minimize the risk of leaksduring the administration of anesthesia.

Inadequate evacuation of some scavenging systemscan cause pressure to build up in the breathing circuit,with the potential for pneumothorax.

Anesthesia Units


As mentioned previously, anesthesia units that lackintegrated monitors and alarms can cause confusionby sounding numerous alarms simultaneously. Whileintegrated monitors and alarms are becoming morewidespread, both modular and integrated systems aresubject to the confusion caused by false alarms. A falsealarm, caused by accidental patient movement or othernonphysiological reasons, can confuse operating roomstaff and possibly draw attention away from otheralarms that may truly indicate a change in the pa-tient’s physiologic condition. Currently, there is noquantitative agreement on the prevalence of falsealarms in anesthesia units (Block and Schaaf 1996).Ensuring that the alarm limits are properly set andpositioning sensors and electrodes in such a way as tominimize artifacts can reduce the incidence of falsealarms.

The magnetic fields created by magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) equipment may interfere with the func-tion of conventional anesthesia units and electronicmonitoring equipment when used in proximity to suchequipment. Conversely, magnetic materials and elec-tronic monitors may interfere with MRI scanner func-tion and degrade image quality. Rao et al. (1988) havereported changing all ferromagnetic materials to non-ferromagnetic (including support structures, casters,and gas cylinders) to allow an anesthesia machine tobe used in the MRI suite. A few suppliers offer MRI-compatible anesthesia machines, and a line of MRI-compatible monitors is available.

Users should be careful not to hang any extraneousmaterials (e.g., polyethylene garbage bag) or equip-ment off anesthesia units. If accidently bumped, thehanging objects may compromise the anesthesia unit’sstability, causing the hanging objects to be sucked intothe receiving end of the anesthesia unit. This mightcause the full negative pressure to be transmitted tothe patient breathing system, collapsing the reservoirbag.

As anesthesia machines become increasingly elec-tronically controlled, there is the risk of electrical firein the operating room. Current anesthetic agents willnot ignite, but the presence of pressurized O2 and N2Ocould increase the severity of a fire initially caused byelectrical problems with the anesthesia unit.

Purchase considerationsSome anesthesia units require stand-alone physi-

ologic monitors (modular approach) and/or anestheticagent monitors, while others have integrated monitors(preconfigured approach). The advantages of precon-figured monitoring include convenience and electroni-cally integrated displays and prioritized alarms.

Modular systems can be less expensive than precon-figured systems, especially if the monitors are alreadyowned.

Hospitals can purchase customized modular sys-tems, assembled from standard components, or theycan assemble their own modular systems. These sys-tems must meet all national and regional safety stan-dards. Advantages of the modular approach includeflexibility in choosing and upgrading monitors andease of service; drawbacks include assembling a sys-tem that may not be successfully integrated, therebyhaving multiple alarms, multiple displays, etc.

Anesthesia units and patient monitoring systemsshould be carefully chosen to ensure that all the essentialmonitoring functions recommended by the AmericanSociety of Anesthesiologists (ASA) are obtained and toensure optimal integration and an adequate standard ofcare. For legal reasons, the level of monitoring andanesthesia delivery capabilities for each anesthesia sta-tion should be uniform so that all patients receive thesame standard of care for the same surgical procedures.

Integrated anesthesia workstations, along with thegas/vapor dispensing subsystem and individual physi-ologic and equipment monitors, may also include adevice for automatically dispensing injectable drugs.Consequently, the anesthesia workstation can beviewed as an integrated monitoring system that dis-penses anesthetic drugs.

Hospitals should also consider the standardizationof anesthesia equipment; that is, purchasing systemsthat are compatible with equipment already in operat-ing rooms or other areas of the hospital (e.g., intensivecare units). The purpose of standardization is to allowa reduced parts inventory, minimize the number ofsuppliers and service personnel, and reduce confusionamong the staff.

Pulse oximeters noninvasively measure O2 satura-tion of blood hemoglobin (SpO2) and, along with O2

monitors and CO2 monitors, are increasingly beingrequired for anesthesia units by state law. Some U.S.states have specified their own requirements for anes-thesia units. Hospitals should check with their state’sdepartment of health for any regulations that mayapply to their area. CO2 monitors measure end-tidalCO2 and can help identify leaks and misconnections aswell as indicate when the trachea has not been prop-erly intubated.

Many features of anesthesia systems are optional,allowing hospitals to choose the ones that best fit theirneeds. Among anesthesia units with essentiallyequivalent mechanical gas/vapor dispensing subsys-tems, the monitors included in the system and the



ways in which information is integrated and displayedare often the primary features distinguishing anesthe-sia systems.

Microprocessor-controlled equipment could be af-fected by the change from the year 1999 to 2000 if ituses a real-time clock and its design does not includeprovision for a change in century — for instance, itdoes not use a four-digit data field for the year. Fur-thermore, any incompatibilities in the way differentdevices handle the year 2000 might have adverse ef-fects. Even if a device is unaffected, it may affect or beaffected by other devices through device and informa-tion systems interfaces (see the December 1998 HealthDevices citation below).

Facilities purchasing new equipment should add aspecification to the request for proposal or other biddocuments stating that the device will not be affectedby the change to the year 2000 and that the supplierwill provide written certification of this fact. Such aprecaution will help prevent costly downtime or majorsoftware changes after purchase. Facilities should alsoconsider whether any existing information systemswith which a new system will be interfaced are alreadycompliant.

Cost containment

Because anesthesia systems entail ongoing mainte-nance and operational costs, the initial acquisition costdoes not accurately reflect the total cost of ownership.The anesthetic agents are the biggest ongoing expenseassociated with anesthesia units. Therefore, a pur-chase decision should be based on issues such as life-cycle cost (LCC), local service support, discount rates,and non-price-related benefits offered by the supplier.

An LCC analysis should be conducted to determinethe cost-effectiveness of all the units that meet theusers’ needs.

Although many of the following costs may be similarfor a number of anesthesia units, they should still becarefully considered to determine total LCC for budgetpurposes:

• Maintenance, service, and inspections

• Accessories, such as monitoring equipment, neces-sary to comply with standards

• Optional accessories

• Vaporizers (some have been offered at discountedprices or at no cost upon the introduction of a newanesthetic agent)

• Gases, including O2, N2O, and anesthetic agents

• Anesthesia circuits

• Recording and storing anesthesia-related data

• Disposables

• Utilities

When selecting a vaporizer, consider the type ofanesthetic agent required for the hospital’s patient mixin conjunction with the type of procedures being per-formed. Users should ask the supplier if the anestheticgas monitor will be able to identify and measure allanesthetic agents used (i.e., some models may notrecognize sevoflurane).

Hospitals can purchase service contracts or serviceon a time-and-materials basis from the supplier. Ser-vice may also be available from a third-party organiza-tion. The decision to purchase a service contract shouldbe carefully considered. Most suppliers should provideroutine software updates, which enhance the system’sperformance, at no charge to service contract custom-ers. Purchasing a service contract also ensures thatpreventive maintenance will be performed at regularintervals, thereby eliminating the possibility of unex-pected maintenance costs. Also, many suppliers do notextend system performance and uptime guaranteesbeyond the length of the warranty unless the system iscovered by a service contract. Hospitals that plan toservice the anesthesia units in-house should inquireabout the availability and cost of service training andthe availability and cost of replacement parts.

ECRI recommends that, to maximize bargainingleverage, hospitals negotiate pricing for service con-tracts before the system is purchased. Additional ser-vice contract discounts may be negotiable formultiple-year agreements, or for service contracts thatare bundled with contracts on other similar equipmentin the department or hospital. Discounts will dependon the hospital’s negotiating skills, knowledge of dis-counts offered to other customers (from services suchas ECRI’s online cost database or SELECT™ service),the system configuration and model to be purchased,previous experience with the supplier, and the extentof concessions granted by the supplier, such as ex-tended warranties, fixed prices for annual service con-tracts, and guaranteed on-site service response.Buyers should make sure that applications training isincluded in the purchase price of the system. Somesuppliers offer more extensive on- or off-site trainingprograms for an additional cost.

Stage of developmentEfforts to improve the design of anesthesia units

center on gas supply and proportioning systems,breathing circuits, gas scavenging and humidificationdevices, gas monitors, ventilators, vaporizers, and data

Anesthesia Units


handling (display, processing, and reporting) software.There is also an effort to decrease the overall size ofanesthesia units.

Several U.S. manufacturers already offer versionsof anesthesia workstations in their product lines. TheCommittee for European Standardization (CEN) isworking on a European draft standard that establishesthe essential requirements for these workstations (seeStandards and Guidelines). The standard will outlinethe requirements for individual modules that togetherconstitute a complete anesthesia workstation; thedraft applies the same standards to each module as tothe system as a whole. A committee of the AmericanSociety for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is draftinganesthesia workstation standards in the UnitedStates.

Some anesthesia systems now use microprocessorsto control certain parts of the unit. The microprocessormay control and mix the flows of gases used in theanesthesia unit. Computer-controlled systems are ex-pected to become more common in the near future.

The potential risk that current anesthetic agentspose to the ozone layer has led some regulatory agen-cies to call for the phasing out of current anestheticagents. However, phasing out the current agentswould necessitate finding acceptable alternative anes-thetic agents, and none have yet been found.

Bibliography

Alexander JP, Watters CH, Dodds WJ, et al. TheEngström Elsa anaesthetic machine: an electronicsystem for anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1990 Sep;45(9):746-50.

Berry AJ, Nolte FS. An alternative strategy for infec-tion control of anesthesia breathing circuits: a labo-ratory assessment of the Pall HME Filter. AnesthAnalg 1991;72:651-4.

Block FE Jr, Schaaf C. Auditory alarms during anes-thesia monitoring with an integrated monitoringsystem. Int J Clin Monit Comput 1996 May;13(2):81-4.

Boaden RW, Hutton P, Monk C. A computer-controlledanaesthetic gas mixer. Anaesthesia 1989 Aug;44(8):665-9.

Bromley HR, Tvorinsky S. An uncommon leak in theanesthesia breathing circuit [letter]. Anesth Analg1997 Sep;85(3):707.

Brooks JH, Gupta B, Baker D. Anesthesia machinecontamination [abstract]. Anesthesiology 1991 Sep;75(3A):A874.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Draftguideline for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia;notice of comment period. Fed Regist 1994 Feb2;59(22):4985.

Chant K, Kociuba K, Munro R, et al. Investigation ofpossible patient-to-patient transmission of hepati-tis C in a hospital. New South Wales Public HealthBull 1994 May;5(5):47-51.

Davey A, Moyle JT, Ward CS. Ward’s anaestheticequipment. 3rd ed. London: W.B. Saunders; 1992.

Dorsch JA, Dorsch SE. Understanding anesthesiaequipment: construction, care and complications.3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1994.

Ehrenwerth J, Eisenkraft JB, eds. Anesthesia equip-ment: principles and applications. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1993.

Eisenkraft JB, Leibowitz AB. Ventilators in the oper-ating room. Int Anesthesiol Clin 1997 Winter;35(1):87-108.

Elliot B, Chestnut J. Dangers of alarms [letter]. Anaes-thesia 1996 Aug;51(8):799-800.

Emmett CP, Clutton-Brock TH, Hutton P. The Oh-meda Excel anaesthetic machine. Anaesthesia 1988Jul;43(7):581-3.

Heaton J, Hall AP, Fell D. The use of filters in anaes-thetic breathing systems [letter]. Anaesthesia 1998Apr;53(4):407.

Hobbhahn J, Hoerauf K, Wiesner G, et al. Waste gasexposure during desflurane and isoflurane anaes-thesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998 Aug;42(7):864-7.

Hogarth I. Anaesthetic machine and breathing systemcontamination and the efficiacy [sic] of bacterial/viral filters. Anaesth Intensive Care 1996 Apr;24(2):154-63.

Holzman RS. Anesthesia machines: demystifyingtheir function. AORN J 1990 Jul;52(1):69-76.

Jack T. A leak of concern [letter]. Br J Anaesth 1998Jun;80(6):878-9.

Komesaroff D. Disposable and autoclavable anaes-thetic circuits: the future is now. Anaesth IntensiveCare 1996 Apr;24(2):173-5.



McMahon DJ. A synopsis of current anesthesia ma-chine design. Biomed Instrum Technol 1991 May-Jun;25(3):190-9.

Petty C. The anesthesia machine. New York: ChurchillLivingstone; 1987.

Petty WC. New anesthetic requires new vaporizers forsafety. APSF Newsl 1995-96 Winter:46.

Rao CC, McNiece WL, Emhardt J, et al. Modificationof an anesthesia machine for use during magneticresonance imaging [letter]. Anesthesiology 1988Apr;68(4):640-1.

Rogers S, Davies MW. My anaesthetic machine’s onfire [letter]. Anaesthesia 1997 May;52(5):505.

Schreiber P. Safety guidelines for anesthesia systems.Boston: North American Drager; 1985.

Sivalingam P, Hyde RA, Easy WR. An unpredictableand possibly dangerous hazard of an anaestheticscavenging system [letter]. Anaesthesia 1997 Jun;52(6):609-10.

Snowdon SL. Hygiene standards for breathing sys-tems? [editorial] Br J Anaesth 1994 Feb;72(2):143-4.

Somprakit P, Soontranan P. Low pressure leakage inanaesthetic machines: evaluation by positive andnegative pressure tests. Anaesthesia 1996 May;51(5):461-4.

Transitional substances. In: London Revisions to theMontreal Protocol Second Meeting of the Parties tothe Montreal Protocol on Substances that Depletethe Ozone Layer. Appendix C. 1990 Jun 27-29; Lon-don. Ozone Secretariat Reports and Publications.Available from Internet: http://www.unep.ch/ozone/2mlonfin.htm.

Standards and guidelinesNote: Although every effort is made to ensure that thefollowing list is comprehensive, please note that otherapplicable standards may exist.

Anesthesia breathing circuits

American Society for Testing and Materials. Particu-lar requirements for anesthesia workstations andtheir components [standard]. ASTM CommitteeF29.0109 on Anesthesia Workstations. F1850-98.1998.

Specification for anesthetic breathing tubes [stan-dard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic andRespiratory Equipment. F1205-88(1993). 1988 (re-approved 1993).

Specification for minimum performance and safetyrequirements for components and systems of anes-thetic gas monitors [standard]. ASTM CommitteeF29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment.F1452-92(1992). 1992.

Canadian Standards Association. Breathing systemsfor use in anaesthesia [standard]. Z168.9-92. 1986(reaffirmed 1992).

Tracheal tube connectors [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z7228-94. 1993.

Tracheal tubes [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z5361-94.1994.

European Committee for Standardization. Breathingtubes intended for use with anaesthetic apparatusand ventilators [draft standard]. prEN 12342. 1989.

Test methods for breathing system filters [stan-dard]. CEN/TC 215 N 326. 1989.

International Organization for Standardization.Breathing tubes intended for use with anaestheticapparatus and ventilators [standard]. 3rd ed. ISO5367:1991. 1991.

Inhalational anaesthesia systems — part 2: anaes-thetic circle breathing systems [standard]. 1st ed.ISO 8835-2:1993. 1993.

Anesthesia equipment

American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. Infectioncontrol guide [guideline]. 1993 (revised 1997).

American Society for Testing and Materials. Particu-lar requirements for anesthesia workstations andtheir components [standard]. ASTM CommitteeF29.0109 on Anesthesia Workstations. F1850-98.1998.

Specification for alarm signals in medical equip-ment used in anesthesia and respiratory care[standard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anestheticand Respiratory Equipment. F1463-93. 1993.

Specification for anesthetic equipment — oro-pharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways [stan-dard]. ASTM Committee F29 on Anesthetic andRespiratory Equipment. F1573-95. 1995.

Standard specification for minimum performance andsafety requirements for components and systems ofanesthesia gas machines [standard]. ASTM Commit-tee F29 on Anesthetic and Respiratory Equipment.F1161-88(1994). 1988 (reapproved 1994).

American Society of Anesthesiologists. Anesthesia ap-paratus checkout recommendations. 1993.

Recommendations for infection control for the practiceof anesthesiology. Committee on Occupational Health

Anesthesia Units


of Operating Room Personnel and Subcommittee onInfection Control Policy. 30503-5PB. 1992.

Standards for basic anesthetic monitoring. 1986(revised 1995).

Association of Operating Room Nurses. Cleaning andprocessing anesthesia equipment [recommendedpractice]. 1977 (revised 1995).

British Standards Institution. Anaesthetic and anal-gesic machines. Specification for continuous flowanaesthetic machines [standard]. BS 4272:Part 3.1989.

Anaesthetic and analgesic machines. Specificationfor intermittent (demand) flow analgesic machinesfor use with 50/50% (V/V) nitrous oxide [standard].BS 4272:Part 2. 1968 (revised 1996).

Specification for oxygen analyzers for monitoringpatient breathing mixtures. BS 5724:Section 2.27.1989 (revised 1997).

Canadian Anaesthetists’ Society. Guidelines to thepractice of anaesthesia. 1996 (revised 1997).

Canadian Standards Association. Continuous-flow in-halation anaesthetic apparatus (anaesthetic ma-chines) for medical use [standard]. CAN3-Z168.3-97. 1984.

Continuous-flow inhalation anaesthetic apparatus(anaesthetic machines) for medical use: supplementno. 1 [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z168.3S1-M91. 1991.

Pressure regulators, gauges, and flow-metering de-vices for medical gases [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z305.3-M87. 1987 (revised 1997).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelinefor handwashing and hospital environmental con-trol. Am J Infect Control 1986 Jun;14(3):110-29.

Guideline for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia.Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Com-mittee, National Centers for Infectious Dieseases.Respir Care 1994 Dec;39(12):1191-236.

European Committee for Standardization. Anaes-thetic and respiratory equipment — conical connec-tors — part 1: cones and sockets [standard]. EN1281-1:1997. 1994 (revised 1997).

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment — conical con-nectors — part2: screw-threaded weight-bearing con-nectors [draft standard]. prEN 1281-2:1994. 1994.

Medical electrical equipment — anaesthetic work-stations and their modules — particular require-ments [draft standard]. prEN 740. 1989.

International Electrotechnical Commission. Medicalelectrical equipment — part 1: general requirementsfor safety [standard]. IEC 60601-1 (1988-12). 1988.

Medical electrical equipment — part 1: general re-quirements for safety. Amendment 1 [standard].IEC 60601-1-am1 (1991-11). 1991.

Medical electrical equipment — part 1: general re-quirements for safety. Amendment 2 [standard].IEC 60601-1-am2 (1995-03). 1995.

Medical electrical equipment — part 1: general re-quirements for safety. Section 2. Collateral standard:electromagnetic compatibility — requirements andtests. IEC 60601-1-2 (1993-04). 1993.

Medical electrical equipment — part 2: particularrequirements for the safety of anesthetic worksta-tions [standard]. IEC 60601-2-13 (1998-05). 1998.

International Organization for Standardization. An-aesthesia and respiratory care alarm signals —part 1: visual alarm signals [standard]. 1st ed. ISO9703:Part 7-1:1997. 1992.

Anaesthesia and respiratory care alarm signals —part2: auditory visual alarm signals [standard]. 1sted. ISO 9703-2:1997. 1997.

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment — conicalconnectors — part 1: cones and sockets [standard].1st ed. ISO 5356-1:1987. 1987.

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment — conicalconnectors — part 1: cones and sockets: amend-ment 1 [standard]. ISO 5356:1-1987/amend 1:1993.1993.

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment — conicalconnectors — part 2: screw-threaded weight-bear-ing connectors [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 5356-2:1987.1987.

Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment — heat andmoisture exchangers for use in humidifying re-spired gases in humans [standard]. ISO 9360:1992.1992.

Anaesthetic machines for use with humans [stan-dard]. 2nd ed. ISO 5358:1992. 1992.

International Task Force on Anaesthesia Safety. In-ternational standards for a safe practice of anaes-thesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1993 Jan;10(Suppl7):12-5.

Standards Association of Australia. Anaesthetic ma-chines — non-electrical — for use with humans[standard]. AS/NZS 4059 1996. 1996.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Anesthesiologydevices. 21 CFR Part 868. 1995.

Underwriters Laboratories. Electrically conductiveequipment and materials for use in flammable anes-thetizing locations [standard]. 3rd ed. 1067. 1987(revised 1997).



Anesthesia unit vaporizers

Canadian Standards Association. Anaesthetic vapour-izers — agent-specific filling systems [standard].CAN/CSA-Z5360-94. 1994.

European Committee for Standardization. Agent spe-cific filling systems for anaesthetic vaporizers —part 1: rectangular keyed filling systems [draftstandard]. prEN 1280-1. 1989.

Agent-specific filling systems for anaesthetic vapor-izers — part 2: cylindrical keyed filling systems fordesflurane and other anaesthetic agents with activemeans to prevent the escape of liquid or vapour[standard]. CEN/TC 215 N 392. 1989.

Specification for agent specific filling systems foranaesthetic vaporizers [draft standard]. prEN1280:1994. 1994.

International Organization for Standardization. An-aesthetic vaporizers — agent-specific filling sys-tems [standard]. ISO 5360:1993. 1993.

Anesthesia ventilators

American Society for Testing and Materials. Specifica-tion for ventilators intended for use during anesthe-sia [standard]. ASTM

Committee F29 on Anesthetic and RespiratoryEquipment. F1101-90 (1996). 1990 (revised 1996).

Canadian Standards Association. Anaesthesia venti-lators [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z168.5.1-M97. 1987.

Anesthetic reservoir bags

American Society for Testing and Materials. Specifica-tion for anesthesia reservoir bags [standard]. ASTMCommittee F29 on Anesthetic and RespiratoryEquipment. F1204-88(1993). 1988 (reapproved1993).

British Standards Institution. Specification for anaes-thetic reservoir bags [standard]. BS 3353. 1987.

European Committee for Standardization. Anaes-thetic reservoir bags [draft standard]. prEN1820:1995. 1995.

International Organization for Standardization. An-aesthetic reservoir bags [standard]. 2nd ed. ISO5362:1986. 1986.

Medical gas piping

Canadian Standards Association. Low-pressure con-necting assemblies for medical gas systems [stan-dard]. CAN/CSA-Z305.2-M88. 1988.

Medical oxygen concentrator central supply system:for use with nonflammable medical gas piping sys-tems [standard]. CAN/CSA-Z305.6-92. 1992 (re-vised 1997).

Nonflammable medical gas piping systems [stan-dard]. CAN/CSA Z305.1-92. 1992.

Qualification requirements for agencies testingnonflammable medical gas piping systems [stand-ard]. CAN3-Z305.4-M85. 1985.

International Organization for Standardization. Non-flammable medical gas pipeline systems [standard].1st ed. ISO 7396:1987. 1987.

National Fire Protection Association/American Na-tional Standards Institute. Health care facilities[standard]. 99-96. 1996. [In the United States, medi-cal gas pipeline systems must be constructed andmaintained to meet the requirements of NFPA-99.Chapter 4 of this code specifically covers medical gasand vacuum systems. A number of other countries,including Britain, France, and Japan, have require-ments based on this code.]

Scavenging systems

American National Standards Institute. Scavengingsystems for excess anesthetic gases [standard].ANSI Z79.11-1982. 1982.

American Society for Testing and Materials. Specifica-tion for anesthetic equipment — scavenging sys-tems for anesthetic gases [standard]. ASTMCommittee F29 on Anesthetic and RespiratoryEquipment. F1343-91. 1991.

British Standards Institution. Specification for activeanaesthetic gas scavenging systems [standard]. BS6834. 1987.

Canadian Standards Association. Anaesthetic gasscavenging systems [standard]. CAN3-Z168.8-M82(R1994). 1982 (reaffirmed 1994).

European Committee for Standardization. Medical gaspipeline systems — part 2: anaesthetic gas scaveng-ing disposal systems — basic requirements [draftstandard]. prEN 737-2:1994. 1994.

Medical gas pipeline systems — part 4: terminalunits for anaesthetic gas scavenging systems [draftstandard]. prEN 737-4:1994. 1994.

International Organization for Standardization. Inha-lational anaesthesia systems — part 3: anaestheticgas scavenging systems — transfer and receivingsystems [standard]. 1st ed. ISO 8835-3:1997. 1997.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.CD-waste anesthetic gases and vapors [recommen-dation]. NTIS No. PB-274-238.

Development and evaluation of methods for elimi-nation of waste anesthetic gases and vapors in hos-pitals [miscellaneous]. NTIS No. PB-267-513.

Anesthesia Units


(There are many state rules and regulations in theUnited States regarding anesthesia machines; consultECRI’s Healthcare Standards Directory or your statefor more information.)

Citations from other ECRI publicationsHealth Devices

North American Drager Narkomed 2A anesthesiaunits [User Experience Network™]. 1986 May;15(5):142-3.

Using an oxygen monitor with a pulse oximeter duringanesthesia. [User Experience Network™]. 1986Sep-Oct;15(9-10):294-5.

Anesthesia units with a flowmeter-controlled vapor-izer [hazard]. 1986 Dec;15(12):336-7.

North American Drager anesthesia vaporizers [UserExperience Network™]. 1986 Dec;15(12):332.

North American Drager halothane vaporizers [UserExperience Network™]. 1987 Feb;16(2):55.

Concentration calibrated vaporizers [hazard]. 1987Mar-Apr;16(3-4):112.

Pre-use testing prevents “helpful” reconnection of anes-thesia components [hazard]. 1987 May;16(5):178-9.

Anesthesia systems [evaluation]. 1988 Jan;17(1):3-29,32-4.

Automatic record keeping in anesthesia. 1988 Jan;17(1):30-1.

Sodasorb PrePak CO2 absorption cartridges [hazard].1988 Jan;17(1):35-6.

Dryden anesthesia breathing circuits [hazard]. 1988Feb;17(2):66.

Who should service anesthesia equipment? [User Ex-perience Network™]. 1988 Feb;17(2):70-1.

Dryden 10100 disposable CO2 absorbers [hazard].1988 Sep;17(9):276.

Medical air compressors [User Experience Net-work™]. 1988 Sep;17(9):279.

Pre-use anesthesia check fails to find faults [hazard].1988 Sep;17(9):274-5.

Pre-use checklist for anesthesia units. 1988 Sep;17(9):275.

Barotrauma from anesthesia ventilators [hazard].1988 Nov;17(11):354.

Anesthesia systems [evaluation update]. 1988 Dec;17(12):366-7.

New monitoring standards for anesthesia. 1988 Dec;17(12):374.

Nitrogen distribution systems [hazard]. 1989 Feb;18(2):85.

Anesthesia units and breathing systems [standard].1989 Oct;18(10):363.

Gas monitoring and the standard of care in the OR[clinical perspective]. 1990 Jul;19(7):207-8.

Multiple medical gas monitors [evaluation]. 1990Jul;19(7):209-35.

Oxygen regulator fire caused by use of two yoke wash-ers [hazard]. 1990 Nov;19(11):426-7.

Monitoring and anesthesia systems: integration and anew option. 1991 Mar-Apr;20(3-4):131.

North American Drager Narkomed 4. 1991 Mar-Apr;20(3-4):131.

Ohmeda CD. 1991 Mar-Apr;20(3-4):131.

North American Drager Narkomed 4 software updateand revised calibration procedure [User ExperienceNetwork™]. 1993 Dec;22(12):601.

Use of inadequate (old) anesthesia scavenger inter-faces [hazard]. 1993 Dec;22(12):592-3.

Risk of barotrauma and/or lack of ventilation withventilatorless anesthesia machines [hazard]. 1994Jan-Feb;23(1-2):54-5.

Desflurane (Suprane) [guidance article]. 1994 Apr;23(4):131-9.

False CO2 readings from disposable anesthesiabreathing circuits with an internal gas-samplingline [hazard]. 1995 Apr;24(4):160-1.

Fires from oxygen use during head and neck surgery[hazard]. 1995 Apr;24(4):155-7.

Anesthesia systems [evaluation]. 1996 May-Jun;25(5-6):158-211.

Anesthesia ventilators with descending bellows: theneed for appropriate monitoring [hazard]. 1996Oct;25(10):391-3.

Leaching of the plasticizer from PVC tubing in heart-lung bypass unit tubing circuits [User ExperienceNetwork™]. 1996 Oct;25(10):393-5.

Medical devices and the year 2000 problem [guidancearticle]. 1997 Dec;(26)12:448-56.

Anesthesia systems [update evaluation]. 1998Jan;27(1):4-27.

Carbon monoxide exposures during inhalation anes-thesia: the interaction between halogenated anes-thetic agents and carbon dioxide absorbents [hazardreport]. 1998 Nov;27(11):402-4.

Y2K compliance issues [special section]. 1998 Dec;27(12):412-23.



Health Devices Alerts

This Product Comparison lists Health Devices Alerts(HDA) citations published since the last update of thisreport. Each HDA abstract is identified by an Acces-sion Number. Recalls and hazard reports include de-scriptions of the problem involved; abstracts of otherpublished articles are referenced by bibliographic in-formation. HPCS subscribers can call the Hotline foradditional information on any of these citations or torequest more extensive searches of the HDA database.

A3347 FDA designated Class II Recall No. Z-863-7 ofcertain North American Drager anesthesia units. Theoxygen flush button on some machines may stick in theopen position if the affected product contains smallburs at the set screw holes that may contact the button.The manufacturer initiated a recall by certified letterdated June 11, 1997. Users should verify that youreceived the June 11, 1997, letter from North Ameri-can Drager containing a verification form, a small-di-ameter replacement button, replacement procedures,and an Allen wrench. If you want the manufacturer toreplace the button or need further information regard-ing the button replacement, U.S. customers shouldcontact the North American Drager Technical ServicesDepartment at (800) 543-5047, and international cus-tomers should contact North American Drager Tech-nical Services at (215) 721-5400. Source: FDAEnforcement Rep 1997 Aug 27; Manufacturer.

D3770 FDA has designated Class II Recall No. Z-220-9of certain Core-M (manufacturer) and North AmericanDrager (distributor) anesthesia units. If the monitorsare not warmed up properly before calibration, thevalues stored for calibration may be invalid. The dis-tributor initiated a recall by letter dated October 7,1998. The firm states that customers have received anew user’s manual and have been instructed to affix asticker to the affected machines warning of the prob-lem. No further action is required by the user.Source: FDAEnforcement Rep 1998 Dec 9; Distributor.

31323 Eltringham RJ, Varvinski A. The Oxyvent: ananesthetic machine designed to be used in developingcountries and difficult situations. Anaesthesia 1997Jul;52(7):668-72.

31420 Lee HT. Ideal placement for the suction cathe-ter [letter]. Am J Anesth 1997 Jul-Aug;24(4):214.

31729 Aarhus A, Soreide E, Holst-Larsen H. Mechani-cal obstruction in the anaesthesia delivery-systemmimicking severe bronchospasm [case report]. Anaes-thesia 1997 Oct;52(10):992-4.

31884 Marchionni L, Agro F, Favaro R, et al. Theflexible laryngeal mask as a nasal airway [letter].Anesth Analg 1997 Nov;85(5):1179.

31887 Caplan RA, Vistica MF, Posner KL, et al.Adverse anesthetic outcomes arising from gas deliveryequipment. Anesthesiology 1997 Oct;87(4):741-8.

31888 Yasumoto M, Sakuragi T, Maruta S, et al.Activation of apnea alarm by a surgical theater lightduring ophthalmological surgery [letter]. AnesthAnalg 1997 Dec;85(6):1414-5.

32210 Osterud A. A non-rebreathing coaxial anaes-thesia system [letter]. Anaesthesia 1997 Nov;52(11):1123.

32385 Mizuno K, Sumiyoshi R. Air contamination ofa closed anesthesia circuit. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand1998 Jan;42(1):128-30.

32475 Primiano FP Jr. Open adjustable pressurelimiter valve [letter]. Anesthesiology 1998 Feb;88(2):552.

32785 Cowling M. Cato machine failure [letter].Anaesth Intensive Care 1998 Jun;26(3):329-30.

32789 Tripathi M. A partial disconnection at the mainstream CO2 transducer mimics “curare-cleft” capno-graph. Anesthesiology 1998 Apr;88(4):1117-9.

33147 McLaughlin AJ, Campkin NT. Electrical safety —a reminder [letter]. Anaesthesia 1998 Jun;53(6):608-9.

33516 Ti LK, Dhara SS. Another cause of a prolongeddownstroke on the capnograph [letter]. Anesthesiology1998 Sep;89(3):801-2.

33591 Kendell J, Barthram C. Revised checklist foranaesthetic machines. Anaesthesia 1998 Sep;53(9):887-90.

34073 Anesthesia machines: product was not defec-tive. Spec Law Dig Health Care Law 1998Dec;(236):31.

34253 Goto T, Saito H, Nakata Y, et al. Effects ofxenon on the performance of various respiratory flow-meters. Anesthesiology 1999 Feb;90(2):555-63.

Health Devices Inspection and Preventive MaintenanceSystem

Anesthesia unit vaporizers. 436-0595. 1995

Anesthesia unit ventilators. 461-0595. 1995.

Anesthesia units. 400-0595. 1995.

Capnometers and multiple medical gas monitors. 450-0595. 1995.

Healthcare Risk Control

Surgery and anesthesia. 1996;3:Surgery and anesthe-sia:14.

Overview of anesthesia liability. 1996;4:Surgery andanesthesia:2.

Anesthesia Units


NIOSH alert: Controlling exposures to nitrous oxideduring anesthetic administration. 1996;4:Surgeryand anesthesia:15.1.

Waste anesthetic gas. 1996;4:Surgery and anesthe-sia:15.

Pre-use checklist for anesthesia units (machines andaccessories). 1996;12:Surgery and anesthesia:2.

Operating Room Risk Management

Automated record keeping in anesthesia. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:8.

Patient monitoring in the OR: Vigilance, monitoring,and the standard of care. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:1.

Pre-use checklist for anesthesia units (machines andaccessories). 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:3.

Selecting and using multiple medical gas monitors.1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:5.

Selecting and using physiologic monitors. 1992 Jul;1:Anesthesia:4.

Anesthesia malpractice: an overview. 1993 Jul;1:Anes-thesia:2.

Desflurane (Suprane). 1994 Oct;1:Anesthesia:11.

NIOSH alert: Controlling exposures to nitrous oxideduring anesthetic administration. 1994 Oct;1:Anes-thesia:9.

Supplier information

Acoma

The ACM-10 is marketed in Japan

Acoma Medical Industry Co Ltd [152410]14-14 Hongo 2-chomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113JapanPhone: 81 (3) 38166911Fax: 81 (3) 38143845

AIKAMarketed in Asia

AIKA Medical GroupEmergency Medical Equipment Div [290437]3-15-9 HongoBunkyo-KuTokyo 113JapanPhone: 81 (3) 38134415Fax: 81 (3) 38134330

AMS

Marketed worldwide, except for North America

AMS (Advanced Medical Systems) Ltd [356053]Kazim Karabekir Cad95/95 06060 IskitlerAnkaraTurkeyPhone: 90 (312) 3840520Fax: 90 (312) 3423307E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.ams.com.tr

Anamed

The Sinus TR is marketed in Europe, the Far East,the Middle East, and Russia

Anamed GmbH [280486]Arzbacher Rutenstrasse 80D-56130 Bad Ems BremenGermanyPhone: 49 (2603) 96460Fax: 49 (2603) 964696E-mail: [email protected]: http://hul.de

Blease

Marketed worldwide, except for the United States

Blease Medical Equipment Ltd [150950]Beech House Chiltern CourtAsheridge RdChesham, Buckinghamshire HP5 2PXEnglandPhone: 44 (1494) 784422Fax: 44 (1494) 791497E-mail: [email protected]

Dameca

Marketed worldwide, except for North America

Dameca A/S [156977]Islevdalvej 211DK-2610 Roedovre KoebenhavenDenmarkPhone: 45 (44) 913480Fax: 45 (44) 916941E-mail: [email protected]



Datex-OhmedaMarketed worldwide, except for the Excel 110 SE(Model 7000 ventilator) and 210 SE Series (model7000 ventilator), which are marketed in Asia, Can-ada, Japan, Latin America, and the United States;the Excel MRI and Modulus SE Series, which aremarketed in English-speaking countries; and theModulus CD and CD-CV, which are marketed inLatin America and the United States

Datex-OhmedaAn Instrumentarium Co [351254]3 Highwood DrTewksbury MA 01876-1100Phone: (978) 640-0460, (800) 635-6099Fax: (978) 640-0469E-mail: [email protected]

Datex-Ohmeda (Finland)Div Instrumentarium Corp [351977]Postilokero 900FIN-00031 Datex-OhmedaFinlandPhone: 358 (9) 39411Fax: 358 (9) 1463310

Datex-Ohmeda Inc (UK)An Instrumentarium Co [354403]Ohmeda House71 Great North RdHatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 5ENEnglandPhone: 44 (1707) 263570Fax: 44 (1707) 260065

Datex-Ohmeda (India) Pvt LtdAn Instrumentarium Co [354295]P-43 Taratalak RdCalcutta 700 088IndiaPhone: 91 (33) 47844401Fax: 91 (33) 4784342

DraegerMarketed worldwide, except for the Cato, Cicero EM,and Fabius, which are marketed worldwide exceptfor North America, and the Physioflex, which ismarketed in Asia and Europe

Draegerwerk AG [139322]Moislinger Allee 53-55Postfach 1339D-23558 LuebeckGermanyPhone: 49 (451) 8823388Fax: 49 (451) 8823187E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.draeger.com

Heyer Anesthesia

The NARKOMAT is marketed worldwide, except forthe United States; the MODULAR is marketed inEurope, the Far East, the Middle East, and Russia

Heyer Anesthesia GmbH & Co KG [152523]Carl-Heyer-Strasse 1/3Postfach 1345D-56130 Bad EmsGermanyPhone: 49 (2603) 7910Fax: 49 (2603) 70424

Hill-Rom

Marketed worldwide

Hill-Rom Air-ShieldsA Hillenbrand Co [339679]330 Jacksonville RdHatboro PA 19040-2211Phone: (215) 675-5200, (800) 523-5756Fax: (215) 675-1859

Hill-Rom Air-Shields (Australia)A Hillenbrand Co [339681]5-9 Devlin St Suite 402 Ground FloorRyde, NSW 2112AustraliaPhone: 61 (2) 98096622Fax: 61 (2) 98092911

Hill-Rom Air-Shields (UK)A Hillenbrand Co [339680]Unit 9 Manor WayOld Woking, Surrey GU22 9JYEnglandPhone: 44 (1483) 246270Fax: 44 (1483) 751435

Hill-Rom Canada Ltd [107911]5444 Timberlea BlvdMississauga ON L4W 2T7CanadaPhone: (905) 206-1355, (800) 338-6630Fax: (905) 206-0561

IMI

Marketed in Japan

IMI Co Ltd [132323]3-3-12 Ryutsu-danchiKoshigaya-shi, Saitama Pref 343JapanPhone: 81 (489) 884411Fax: 81 (489) 611354E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.manjp

Anesthesia Units


KimuraMarketed worldwide, except for the United StatesKimura Medical Instrument Co Ltd [152416]17-5 Yushima 2-chomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113JapanPhone: 81 (3) 38144481Fax: 81 (3) 38145304

MegamedMarketed worldwide, except for the United States

Megamed AG [171243]Hinterbergstrasse 11CH-6330 ChamSwitzerlandPhone: 41 (41) 7415151Fax: 41 (41) 7415144

Mercury MedicalMarketed in North America

Mercury Medical [102449]11300 A 49th St NClearwater FL 33762-4800Phone: (813) 573-0088, (800) 237-6418Fax: (813) 573-7938

NormecaMarketed worldwide, except for North America

Normeca A/S [162653]Postboks 404N-1473 SkarerNorwayPhone: 47 (67) 927600Fax: 47 (67) 971766Normeca Asia [321497]Kanda-Blanca Bldg 5022-18-16 Iwamoto ChiyodaTokyo 101-0032JapanPhone: 81 (3) 56873899Fax: 81 (3) 56873911E-mail: [email protected]

North American DragerMarketed worldwide, except for the Fabius, which ismarketed worldwide except for North America, andthe Narkomed 6000, which is marketed in NorthAmerica

North American Drager [101982]3135 Quarry RdTelford PA 18969Phone: (215) 721-5400, (800) 462-7566Fax: (215) 721-9561Internet: http://www.nad.com

OxigelMarketed in Africa and Latin America

Oxigel Materiais Hospitalares Industria ComercioLtda [152447]Rua Engenheiro Jorge Oliva 131Vila Mascote Caixa Postal 2121204362-060 Sao Paulo-SPBrazilPhone: 55 (11) 55646999Fax: 55 (11) 55645013E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.originet.com/oxigel

PenlonMarketed worldwide

Penlon Ltd [139281]Radley RdAbingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3PHEnglandPhone: 44 (1235) 554222Fax: 44 (1235) 555900E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.penlon.com

Royal MedicalMarketed worldwide

Royal Medical Co Ltd [157039]2 Floor Sung Hwa Bldg463-3 Seo Kyo-dong Mapo-kuSeoul 121-210Republic of KoreaPhone: 82 (2) 71711513Fax: 82 (2) 3363328

SamedMarketed worldwide, except for the United States

Samed Elettromedicali srl [187040]Uffici e MagazziniStrada Provinciale 181I-20067 Merlino MIItalyPhone: 39 (02) 90658787Fax: 39 (02) 90658795

SiareMarketed worldwide, except for the United States

Siare Hospital Supplies srl [152520]Via G Pastore 18I-40056 Crespellano BOItalyPhone: 39 (051) 969802Fax: 39 (051) 969366E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.siare.it



SiemensMarketed worldwide, except for the 710, which ismarketed worldwide except for the United States,and the KION, which is marketed in Canada andEurope

Siemens AG [258246]Wittelsbacher Platz 2D-80333 MuenchenGermanyPhone: 49 (89) 2340

Siemens Elema AB [139468]Rontgenvagen 2S-171 95 SolnaSwedenPhone: 46 (8) 7307360Fax: 46 (8) 986593

Siemens Medical Systems IncElectromedical Group [172117]14 Electronics AveDanvers MA 01923-1047Phone: (978) 907-6300, (800) 333-8646Fax: (978) 907-6359

Siemens-Asahi Medical Technologies Ltd [178463]Siemens Fujikura Bldg 2-11-20 Nishi-GotandaShinagawa-kuTokyo 141JapanPhone: 81 (3) 54238420Fax: 81 (3) 54238494E-mail: [email protected]

SIMS PneuPACMarketed worldwide, except for the United States

SIMS PneuPAC Ltd [358008]Smithfield HouseCrescent RdLuton, Bedfordshire LU2 0AHEnglandPhone: 44 (1582) 453303Fax: 44 (1582) 453103

SIMS PneuPAC USA [359492]10 Bowman DrPO Box 0724Keene NH 03431Phone: (888) 487-8368Fax: (800) 952-1034

Spacelabs MedicalMarketed worldwide

Spacelabs Medical GmbH [283268]Postfach 2126D-41552 KaarstGermany

Spacelabs Medical Inc [101758]15220 NE 40th StPO Box 97013Redmond WA 98073-9713Phone: (425) 882-3700, (800) 251-9910Fax: (425) 702-2310Internet: http://www.spacelabs.com

Spacelabs Medical Inc (India) [223803]c/o Impulse Business ClubF-22 South Extension Part 1New Delhi 110 049IndiaPhone: 91 (11) 14645002Fax: 91 (11) 14645007

Spacelabs (Singapore) Pte Ltd [162905]545 Orchard Rd#11-06 Far East Shopping CentreSingapore 238882Republic of SingaporePhone: 65 7323566Fax: 65 7321344

F Stephan

Marketed in Asia and Europe

F Stephan GmbH [306280]Kirchstrasse 19D-56412 GackenbachGermanyPhone: 49 (6439) 91250Fax: 49 (6439) 912511E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.stephan-gmbh.com

K Takaoka

Marketed in Asia and Latin America

K Takaoka Ind e Com Ltda [152442]Avenida Bosque da Saude 51904142-081 Sao Paulo-SPBrazilPhone: 55 (11) 55861000Fax: 55 (11) 55897313E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.takaoka.com

Ulco

Marketed in Asia, Australia, and Europe

Ulco Engineering Pty Ltd [157051]25 Sloane StMarrickville, NSW 2204AustraliaPhone: 61 (2) 95195881Fax: 61 (2) 95502841

Anesthesia Units


About the chart specificationsThe following terms are used in the charts:

Pipeline gas inlets: Many listed systems include diame-ter-indexed safety system (DISS) pipeline connec-tions and pin-indexed cylinders and yokes.

Suction system: The ability to provide suction from theanesthesia machine.

O2 fail-safe: A safety device that protects the patientfrom inadequate O2. If the O2 supply pressure dropsbelow about 25 to 30 psi, the unit decreases or shutsoff the flow of other gases and activates an alarm.

Hypoxic mixture fail-safe: A safety device that preventsan anesthesia machine from being set to dispense ahypoxic mixture.

Bellows: Automatic ventilator bellows have an ascend-ing or descending design. The bag-in-bottle principleis based on an equilibrium between the tank pressureand the bottle pressure during inspiration; duringexpiration, the patient exhales into the bag while thetank is refilled for the following inspiration.

Ventilation modes: The modes of ventilation availablewith the anesthesia unit (e.g., manual ventilation,controlled mechanical ventilation, intermittentmandatory ventilation).

Tidal volume, range, cc: A control adjusts the volumeof individual breaths within this range.

Minute volume, range, L/min: A control adjusts the totalinspiratory volume per minute delivery from thebellows.

Frequency, bpm: The respiratory frequency can be setwithin the listed range of breaths per minute.

Inspiratory flow, L/min: The flow range of gas that theventilator is capable of delivering to the patient.

I:E ratio: The proportion of inspiration to expirationtime in a single respiratory cycle (expiration is usu-ally longer than inspiration).

System checks: Any check the unit can perform toensure proper functioning of the anesthesia system.

Hi-pressure alarm: Senses high gas pressure in thepatient breathing circuit.

Subatmospheric pressure alarm: Senses when pressureis below ambient level; this usually occurs duringspontaneous inspiration when the patient is notreceiving adequate gas or when gas is being with-drawn from the circuit (e.g., by a misadjusted scav-enging system) and not replenished by an adequatefresh-gas flow.

Continuing press alarm: Senses sustained elevated air-way pressure that does not periodically fall below aselectable threshold level.

Installation: How the anesthesia unit is installed in thelocation of its intended use.

Abbreviations:

AGSS — Anesthesia gas scavenging system

ANSI — American National Standards Institute

APL — Adjustable pressure-limiting

ASTM — American Society for Testing and Materials

BB — Blood bank, black box

BIS — Bispectral Index monitor

BP — Blood pressure

BS — British Standard

BSI — British Standards Institution

CE mark — Conformite Europeene mark

CMV — Controlled mechanical ventilation

CPAP — Continuous positive airway pressure

CRT — Cathode ray tube

CSA — Canadian Standards Association

DEKRA — Institut fuer Sicherheit, Umweltschutzund Energie

DIN — Deutsches Institut fuer Normung

DIS — Draft international standard

ECG — Electrocardiogram

EEG — Electroencephalogram

EL — Electroluminescent display

EN — European Norm

EVK — Expiratory-volume-control (ventilator func-tion)

FDA — U.S. Food and Drug Administration

GLEM — Groupement des Laboratoires d’Essaisdes Materiels de Technique Medicale

GMS — Gas management system

ICE — Integral contrast enhancement

IEC — International Electrotechnical Commission

IMV — Intermittent mandatory ventilation



I/O — Input/output

IPPV — Intermittent positive-pressure ventilation

IR — Infrared

ISO — International Organization for Standardiza-tion

IV — Intravenous

JIS — Japanese Industrial Standard

LCD — Liquid crystal display

LED — Light-emitting diode

MC — Microcomputer

MDD — Medical Devices Directive

MedGV — Medizingeraeteverordnung

MRI — Magnetic resonance imaging

MV — Minute volume

NDIR — Nondispersive infrared

NIBP — Noninvasive blood pressure

Ni-Cd — Nickel-cadmium

OR — Operating room

P — Pressure

PC — Personal computer

PCV — Pressure controlled ventilation

PEEP — Positive end-expiratory pressure

PVC — Pressure/volume control

ROM/RAM — Read-only memory/random accessmemory

SCMV — Synchronized controlled mechanical ven-tilation

SEV — Schweizerischer Electrotechnischer Verein

SIMV — Synchronized intermittent mandatoryventilation

SMV — Synchronized mechanical ventilation

SPVC — Synchronized pressure/volume control

ST — ECG wave segment

tcCO2 — Transcutaneous carbon dioxide

tcO2 — Transcutaneous oxygen

TGA — Australia Therapeutic Goods Administra-tion

Ti — Inspiratory time

TUV — Technischer Ueberwachungs Verein

TV — Tidal volume

UL — Underwriters Laboratories

UPS — Uninterruptible power supply

VDE — Verband Deutscher Electrotechniker

Note: The data in the charts derive from suppli-ers’ specifications and have not been verified throughindependent testing by ECRI or any other agency.Because test methods vary, different products’ specifi-cations are not always comparable. Moreover, prod-ucts and specifications are subject to frequent changes.ECRI is not responsible for the quality or validity ofthe information presented or for any adverse conse-quences of acting on such information.

When reading the charts, keep in mind that, unlessotherwise noted, the list price does not reflect supplierdiscounts. And although we try to indicate whichfeatures and characteristics are standard and whichare not, some may be optional, at additional cost.

For those models whose prices were supplied to usin currencies other than U.S. dollars, we have alsolisted the conversion to U.S. dollars to facilitate com-parison among models. However, keep in mind thatexchange rates change often.

Need to know more?For further information about the contents of this

Product Comparison, contact the HPCS Hotline at +1(610) 825-6000, ext. 5265; +1 (610) 834-1275 (fax); [email protected] (e-mail).

Anesthesia Units


Product Comparison Chart

MODEL ACOMA ACOMA ACOMA AIKA

ACM-10 KMA-1300III PH-5FII UM700+PVA120

WHERE MARKETED Japan Not specified Not specified Asia

FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Not specified Not specified No

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Not specified Not specified No

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Not specified Not specified Not specified No

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (2 O2, N2O)

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflurane, iso- Sevoflurane, iso- Sevoflurane, iso- Isoflurane, halo-

flurane, enflurane flurane, halothane, flurane, halothane, thane, enflurane,enflurane enflurane sevoflurane

Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass

Number 3 3 3 2Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional No

O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Full gas cutoff

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE 30% O2 30% O2 30% O2 25% O2

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Yes Optional (AFR-900II Yes: ACE-3000)

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult Adult Adult : Adult/peds AdultType Ascending Motor driven Not specified Bellows in bottle

Primary controlsVentilation modes Not specified Not specified Not specified Assist/cont, P,

preset limitTidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, cc 200-1,000 200-1,300 200-900 : 0-2,660 50-1,200Minute volume Yes Yes Yes : Not specified No

Range, L/min 1-20 2-33 1-20 : Not specified NA

Frequency, bpm 5-40 5-40 4-50 : 0-180 5-60

Inspiratory flow,L/min 3-648 5-100 5-65 : 3-40 10-50

I:E ratio 1:1 to 1:3 1:1 to 1:3 1:0.5 to 1:5 : 1:0.5 to 1:41:0.1 to 1:9.9

Inspiratory pause Not specified Not specified Not specified AdjustablePressure-limit,

cm H2O Not specified Not specified 40 : 15-65 5-55PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 0-20 0-20 0-20

Other controls None specified None specified ACE-3000 has an Electronic flowinspired time controlcontrol

System checks None specified None specified None specified ROM/RAM

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first ofthree pages coveringthe above model(s).These specificationscontinue onto thenext two pages.






SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Vacuum

AUTO RECORD KEEPER No No No No

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT No No No No

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes No : Yes Yes

Where measured Not specified Not specified NA : Not specified Ventilator, valveHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes NA : Not specified Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm 5-60 cm H2O 5-60 cm H2O NA : Yes Yes

Continuing pressalarm No No NA : No No

Low pressure/apnea Not specified Not specified NA : Not specified YesOther press alarms None specified None specified NA : None None

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes No YesType of sensor Not specified Not specified NA ElectronicWhere measured Not specified Not specified NA CircuitRate alarm NA NA NA NoApnea alarm No No NA No

Reverse flow alarm No No NA YesHigh/low min vol No No NA YesHigh/low flow No No NA NoOther expir alarms No No NA Expired volume alarm

O2 concentration Yes Yes Yes YesType of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell

Response time, sec Not specified Not specified Not specified 15 (90% of the time)CO2 concentration No No Yes No

Apnea alarm NA NA Not specified NAN2O No No Not specified NoAgent monitors Quartz Optional Optional No

Type of agents Sevoflurane, iso- Sevoflurane, iso- Sevoflurane, iso- NAflurane, halothane, flurane, halothane, flurane, halothane,enflurane enflurane enflurane

Auto ID Yes No No NAAgent conc alarm Yes Not specified Not specified NA

ECG No No No NoHeart rate NA NA NA NAST segment NA NA NA NA

Noninvasive BP No No No NoInvasive BP No No No NoTemperature No No No NoPulse oximeter Not specified Not specified Not specified NoOther monitors None specified None specified None specified None

Other features None specified None specified None specified None

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second ofthree pages coveringthe above model(s).These specificationscontinue onto thenext page.

Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Yes No No YesNumber Not specified NA NA 2Type LCD NA NA LCDIntegrated Yes NA NA YesInterface w/others No NA NA No

DATA INPUT Key No No Keyboard

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No No No No

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 148 x 63 x 79 142 x 71 x 74 148 x 60 x 65 158 x 100 x 72

(58.3 x 24.8 x 31.1) (56.9 x 27.9 x 29.1) (58.3 x 23.6 x 25.6) (62.2 x 39.4 x 28.3)

Weight, kg (lb) 160 (352.8) 150 (330) 80 (176) 112.5 (44.3)

Shelves, cm 51 x 30 57 x 26 3 x 6.1 x 30; 51 x 30 (2)13 x 42 x 21.5

Drawers, cm 7 x 22 x 30.5 6.5 x 25 x 23 8.3 x 36.2 x 17.7 33 x 29 x 7 (2)

Writing shelf, cm 86 x 53 x 35 87 x 60 x 40 88 x 49.5 x 25 51 x 52 (1)

Installation Not specified Not specified Not specified Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100 Not specified Not specified 100

Auxiliary outlets 4 4 Not specified 4

BACKUP BATTERY No No Not specified YesType NA NA Not specified Ni-CdUse per charge, hr NA NA Not specified 0.3

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified Not specified See footnote * Y5,280,000

(US$44,832)

Warranty Not specified Not specified 1 year 1 yearService contract Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified Not specified 30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Auxiliary shelves. Auxiliary shelves. Auxiliary shelves. None specified.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* Y1,990,000 (US$16,607) for block type; Y2,010,000 (US$16,774); prices do not include the vaporizer.




MODEL AMS ANAMED ANAMED BLEASE

200 : 300 Sinus TR Tizian M Frontline Plus 440 :Plus 560 : Plus 690

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Europe, Far East, Not specified Worldwide, exceptNorth America Middle East, Russia USA

FDA CLEARANCE No No No No

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Yes Yes Yes

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes Yes Yes Yes


GAS CYLINDER YOKES Optional 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 3 max : 4 max :5 max *

VAPORIZERSAgents Isoflurane, haloth- Isoflurane, haloth- Isoflurane, haloth- Sevoflurane, iso-

ane, enflurane, des- ane, enflurane, des- ane, enflurane, desflurane, halothane,flurane, sevoflurane flurane, sevoflurane flurane, sevoflurane enflurane

Type Temperature Variable bypass Variable bypass Plenum-type variablecompensated bypass, fully

compensatedNumber 2/active : 3/active 1 2 1Interlock Yes Yes Yes Fully compatible

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Opt, direct/venturi

O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Acoustic with N2O Yes Multigas cutoff,shutoff full alarms **

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes Ratio system O2 >20% Yes Gear-driven ratio

in fresh gas system ***

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Optional Optional Yes Blease 8200s

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending, bag in Descending, bag in Descending, bag in Ascending, bag in

bottle bottle bottle bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes Not specified Manual Manual Adult, pediatric,extended range

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, cc 20-1,500 10-1,500 10-1,500 20-1,600

Minute volume Yes No No YesRange, L/min 0-80 1-30 2-30 0.3-25 (extended-

range mode)Frequency, bpm 4-60 6-60 6-60 2-99 (extended-range

mode)Inspiratory flow,

L/min 5-80 0.4-80 0.4-80 0-100I:E ratio 3:1-1:9.9 1:1, 1:3, 0.5:1 1:1, 1:3, 0.5:1 1:0.5 to 1:5

Inspiratory pause Not specified 50% maximum 50% maximum Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 10-65 adjustable 10-60 mbar 10-60 mbar 10-70 adjustablePEEP, cm H2O 3-20 variable 0-16 mbar 0-16 mbar 0-20 variable

Other controls None specified Adjustable pressure, Adjustable pressure, Adult and pediatriclimitable EVK, compensation, modes, standby in

compliance, both modes, spirom-volume control etry MV/TV selection

System checks None specified Leak test Leak test Self-verificationtest

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* O2, N2O, and air are available with all models, while CO2 is available only in the UK. three pages covering** In the event of O2 failure, air is supplied to the patient through the ventilator. the above model(s).*** Rotameter controls are knock resistant with a guard in front of them. These specifications

continue onto thenext two pages.

Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active or Vacuum active AGSS, active Active vacuum orpassive optional exhaust AGSS

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional Not specified Optional Optional

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Optional No No Optional

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes Peak and mean

Where measured Y-piece, bellows blk Inspiratory side Not specified Y-pieceHi-pressure alarm Adjustable 10-60 mbar Yes 10-70 cm H2O,

adjustableSubatmospheric

pressure alarm Yes No No -10 cm H2O, fixed,internal

Continuing pressalarm Yes 2.5-60 mbar Yes PEEP referenced

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes YesOther press alarms Peak, PEEP Yes Yes Low-pressure 5-60 cm

H2O, adj, apnea *Expiratory vol/flow Optional Yes Yes MV and TV

Type of sensor Optional Mechanical Electronic or float Spirolite exp volumeWhere measured Y-piece Expiratory valve Not specified CircuitRate alarm Optional No No NoApnea alarm Optional Yes Yes Low expired

volume alarmReverse flow alarm Optional No No NoHigh/low min vol Optional Yes Yes YesHigh/low flow Optional Yes Yes YesOther expir alarms Disconnection, leak, No No High expired

obstruction volume alarmO2 concentration Optional Yes Yes Adjustable alarms

Type of sensor Paramagnetic Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell

Response time, sec <0.48 ~0.5 ~0.5 Not specifiedCO2 concentration Optional No No Optional

Apnea alarm Optional Yes Yes OptionalN2O Optional No No OptionalAgent monitors Optional No Yes Optional

Type of agents Isoflurane, haloth- NA Isoflurane, haloth- Not specifiedane, enflurane, des- ane, enflurane, des-flurane, sevoflurane flurane, sevoflurane

Auto ID Optional NA No OptionalAgent conc alarm Optional NA Yes Optional

ECG Optional No No OptionalHeart rate Optional NA NA OptionalST segment Optional NA NA Optional

Noninvasive BP Optional No No OptionalInvasive BP Optional No No OptionalTemperature Optional No No OptionalPulse oximeter Optional No No OptionalOther monitors Opt respiration and None Volume monitor None specified

SvO2 modulesOther features Trends, printing, None EVK None specified

networking withAS/3 monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* Also pressure cycling. three pages covering

the above model(s).These specificationscontinue onto thenext page.






DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes OptionalNumber 1 1 4 Not specifiedType Color LCD LED LED Not specifiedIntegrated Yes Yes Yes NoInterface w/others Yes Yes Yes Yes

DATA INPUT Membrane switches, Push button, wheel Push button, wheel NAComWheel, flow knobs

PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (caution, 5 10 Optionaladvisory, warning)

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 150 x 82 x [70 : 80] 27 x 31 x 40.5 139 x 57 x 61 See footnote *

(59 x 32.3 x [27.6 : (10.6 x 12.2 x 15.9) (54.7 x 20.7 x 24)31.5])

Weight, kg (lb) 121 (267) : 22 (48.5) 110 (242.6) 85 (187) : 104 (229)153 (337) : 130 (287) **

Shelves, cm [56.5 : 34] x 34 None 27 x 61 [50:62:75] x 44 (2);[45:47:74] x 50 (1)

Drawers, cm 10.5 x 37 x 37 (3) None 57 x 60 (3) 35 x 10 x 35(4 maximum)

Writing shelf, cm 37 x 37 None 42 x 57 26 x 35 (1) pull-outwriting table

Installation Mobile Mobile Mobile Mobile, wall,ceiling

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 110/220 115-230 115-230 110/120/220/240

Auxiliary outlets 2 Yes Yes 2

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes YesType Rechargeable Ni-Cd Ni-Cd Not specifiedUse per charge, hr 0.5 2 2 2

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified $11,000-18,500 $11,000-35,000 $7,000-35,000 :

$9,000-37,000 :$11,000-39,000

Warranty 18 months 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes Yes Yes Optional

Delivery time, ARO 2-3 weeks 30 days 30 days Varies

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Alternative gas Used by ambulance Integrated main Integral O2 monitorsupply per end- or military; switch; low flow- with backlight anduser requirements; portable ratio system; low- dimming facility;illuminated flow- partifion operating flow breathing pull-out writingmeter; air/N2O unit and gas supply system; MC table with pre-useselection valve. component suitable controller; ventila- checklist; storage

for low flow-ratio tor EVK-Funktion space for BleaSorbsystem and low-flow (Expiratory-Volume- range of circlecircuit system; Control). Meets absorbers; footrest;optional requirements of footbrake; rearventilator. Meets DIN 13252, DIN handle; rear bumper;requirements of 13260, and EN 740. wipe-clean angledDIN 13252, DIN gauges. Complies13260, and EN 740. with ANSI, ASTM, BS

5724, BSI, CSA, DIN,IEC 601, and ISOstandards.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* The dimensions for the 440 are 147 x 50 x 79 cm (57.9 x 19.7 x 31.1 in); for the 560, 147 x 62 x 79 cm

(57.9 x 24.4 x 31.1 in); for the 690, 147 x 79 x 79 (57.9 x 31.1 x 31.1 in).** Without patient monitors.

Anesthesia Units



MODEL DAMECA DAMECA DAMECA DAMECA

10590 10735 10750 10940

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide, exceptNorth America North America North America North America


CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Yes


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 or 4 3 or 4 3 or 4 3 or 4 (O2, N2O,air, vacuum)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 or 3 2 (O2, N2O) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 3 (O2, N2O, CO2)

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-

ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Type Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperaturecompensated compensated compensated compensated

Number 1 or 2 3 maximum 3 maximum 1 or 2Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Optional

O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Optional Optional Yes

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending Ascending Ascending Ascending, bag in

bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes Manual, controlled, Manual, controlled, Manual, controlled, Manual, controlled,mechanical mechanical mechanical mechanical

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, cc 0-350/0-1,500 0-350/0-1,500 0-350/0-1,500 0-350/0-1,500

Minute volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, L/min 2-15 2-15 2-15 2-15

Frequency, bpm 6-40 6-40 6-40 6-40

Inspiratory flow,L/min 2-15 2-15 2-15 2-15

I:E ratio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 1:2 1:2 1:1, 1:2, 1:3

Inspiratory pause Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 25-85 adjustable 25-85 adjustable 25-85 adjustable 25-85PEEP, cm H2O Optional Optional Optional Optional

Other controls None specified None specified None specified None specified

System checks None specified None specified None specified None specified






10590 10735 10750 10940

SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active/AGSS Active/AGSS Active/AGSS Active/AGSS

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional No No No


MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Optional Optional No

Where measured Y-piece Not specified Not specified NAHi-pressure alarm Yes Optional Optional NA

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Optional Optional NA

Continuing pressalarm Yes Optional Optional NA

Low pressure/apnea Yes/not specified Optional Optional NAOther press alarms None specified None specified None specified NA

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Not specified Not specified NoType of sensor Float Not specified Not specified NAWhere measured Not specified Not specified Not specified NARate alarm Optional No No NoApnea alarm Yes No No No

Reverse flow alarm No No No NoHigh/low min vol Yes Not specified Not specified Not specifiedHigh/low flow Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedOther expir alarms None No None No

O2 concentration Yes Optional Optional NoType of sensor Paramagnetic Not specified Not specified NA

Response time, sec 0.5 Not specified Not specified NACO2 concentration Yes No No No

Apnea alarm Yes NA NA NoN2O Yes No No NoAgent monitors Yes No No No

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- NA NA NAane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane

Auto ID Optional NA NA NAAgent conc alarm Yes NA NA NA


Noninvasive BP No No No NoInvasive BP No No No NoTemperature No No No NoPulse oximeter Yes Not specified Not specified Not specifiedOther monitors None specified None specified None specified None specified

Other features Stored trends None specified None specified None specified


Anesthesia Units




10590 10735 10750 10940

DISPLAYS Yes No No Not specifiedNumber 1 NA NA Not specifiedType 9" monochrome NA NA Not specifiedIntegrated Yes NA NA Not specifiedInterface w/others Yes NA NA Not specified

DATA INPUT Keyboard NA NA Not specified

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes No No Not specified


(58.2 x 31.5 x 25.2) (63 x 15.75 x 15.75) (58.2 x 31.5 x 23.6) (63 x 31.5 x 25.2)

Weight, kg (lb) 120 (264.6) 56 (123.5) 85 (187.4) 120 (264.6)

Shelves, cm 55 x 45 40 x 30 55 x 40 55 x 40

Drawers, cm 55 x 35 40 x 30 45 x 35 55 x 40

Writing shelf, cm 40 x 35 20 x 30 27 x 37 20 x 30

Installation Not specified Not specified Not specified Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 110/230 110/220 110/220 110/220

Auxiliary outlets 4 Optional Optional Not specified

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes YesType Rechargable Rechargable Rechargable RechargableUse per charge, hr 30 min 30 min 30 min 30 min

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice $23,600; $40,800 $12,000 $7,500-13,700 $30,000

with MGM 590 monitor

Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Gas mixer; Gas mixer; Gas mixer; Gas mixer;3 color options of 3 color options of 3 color options of 3 color options ofred, white, or blue; red, white, or blue; red, white, or blue; red, white, or blue;manual ventilation manual ventilation manual ventilation manual ventilationthrough optional through optional through optional through optionalbellows. Meets bellows. Meets bellows. Meets bellows. Meetsrequirements of IEC requirements of IEC requirements of IEC requirements of IEC601-1 and ISO 5358. 601-1 and ISO 5358. 601-1 and ISO 5358. 601-1 and ISO 5358.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.




MODEL DATEX-OHMEDA DATEX-OHMEDA DATEX-OHMEDA DATEX-OHMEDA

AESTIVA 3000 AS/3 Anesthesia Excel 110 SE (Model Excel 110 SE (ModelDelivery Unit (ADU) 7000 ventilator) 7800 & 7900 vents)

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Asia, Canada, Latin WorldwideAmerica, Japan, USA

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes No Yes


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES Up to 5 (O2, N2O, 3 (2 O2, N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)air, CO2, heliox)



Type See footnote * Electronically See footnote * See footnote *controlled variablebypass

Number 2 or 3 1 active, 3 storage 2 2Interlock Yes NA Yes Yes


O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic Yes Pneumatic Pneumatic

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Mechanical limit Maintains ~25% Mechanical limit Mechanical limit

O2 of total gas flow

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR AESTIVA Smartvent Yes Model 7000 Model 7800 :Model 7900

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize 1,500 mL Adult/pediatric 1,500 mL 1,500 mLType Ascending (standing) ** Ascending ** Ascending (standing) ** Ascending (standing) **

Primary controlsVentilation modes Volume, pressure Volume/pressure con- Volume Volume : Volume and

trol, SIMV, manual pressureTidal volume Yes Yes No Yes

Range, cc 20-1,500 20-1,400 NA 50-1,500 : 20-1,500Minute volume No Yes Yes No

Range, L/min NA 0.1-30 2-30 NA

Frequency, bpm 4-100 2-60 6-40 2-100 : 4-100

Inspiratory flow,L/min NA 80 maximum NA 10-100 : NA

I:E ratio 2:1 to 1:8 1:4.5 to 2:1 1:1 to 1:3 NA : 2:1 to 1:8

Inspiratory pause 5-60% Ti 0-60% insp time NA 25% Ti : 5-60% TiPressure-limit,

cm H2O 12-100 8-80 adjustable 65 20-100 : 12-100PEEP, cm H2O 4-30 integrated Off or 5-20 0-20 optional 0-20 optional :

4-30 integratedOther controls Float-type flowmeter Sigh, tidal volume Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter

compensation

System checks Manual pre-use test, Circuit leakage & Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test,ventilator self-test compliance, hypoxic ventilator self-test ventilator self-test

mixture control

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Vaporizers include the Tec 5 (a temperature-, flow-, and pressure-compensated vaporizer) and the Tec 6 (a heated, constant three pages covering

temperature, pressure- and flow-compensated vaporizer used for desflurane only). the above model(s).** Latex-free and autoclavable. These specifications


Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Active or passive Active or passive Active or passive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER No Optional No No

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT No Optional No No

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes * Yes

Where measured Inspiratory limb Y-piece, bellows blk Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limbHi-pressure alarm Yes Adjustable Yes Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Continuing pressalarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes YesOther press alarms No Peak, PEEP ** No No

Expiratory vol/flow Monitoring pod Optional ** Monitoring pod 7800 : 7900Type of sensor Different pressure Pitot tube at airway Vane Vane : Diff pressureWhere measured Expiratory port Y-piece Expiratory port Expiratory portRate alarm No Optional ** No NoApnea alarm Yes Optional ** Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm Yes Optional ** Yes YesHigh/low min vol Yes Optional ** Yes YesHigh/low flow Yes Optional ** Yes YesOther expir alarms No Disconnection, leak, No No

obstructionO2 concentration Yes *** Optional ** Yes *** Yes ***

Type of sensor Fuel cell Paramagnetic Fuel cell Fuel cell

Response time, sec <35 <0.48 <35 <35CO2 concentration Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Optional ** Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3

Apnea alarm Yes Optional ** Yes YesN2O Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Optional ** Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3Agent monitors Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Optional ** Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Auto ID No : Yes : Yes Optional ** No : Yes : Yes No : Yes : YesAgent conc alarm Yes Optional ** Yes Yes

ECG Optional ACMS:AS/3 Optional ** Optional ACMS:AS/3 Optional ACMS:AS/3Heart rate Optional Optional ** Optional OptionalST segment Optional Optional ** Optional Optional

Noninvasive BP Optional Optional ** Optional OptionalInvasive BP Optional Optional ** Optional OptionalTemperature Optional Optional ** Optional OptionalPulse oximeter Optional Optional ** Optional OptionalOther monitors SvO2, cardiac output Optional respiration SvO2, cardiac output SvO2, cardiac output

and SvO2 modulesOther features Trends, printing, Trends, printing, Trends, printing, Trends, printing,

networking available networking available networking available networking availablewith AS/3 monitoring with AS/3 monitoring with AS/3 monitoring with AS/3 monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* The 7000 works in conjunction with a monitoring pod used to drive alarms, not to display a particular value. three pages covering** Available with Datex-Engstrom AS/3 Anesthesia Monitoring system. the above model(s).*** The Ohmeda Link 25 hypoxic guard precludes setting hypoxic O2 flow ratios. These specifications

continue onto thenext page.






DISPLAYS AESTIVA Smartvent Yes Monitoring pod 7800 : 7900Number 1 1 1 1Type ICE Color LCD LCD LCD : ICEIntegrated Yes Yes Yes YesInterface w/others RS232 Yes HP ACMS, Omnicare 24 HP ACMS, Omnicare 24

DATA INPUT No Membrane switches, No NoComWheel, flow knobs

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes 3 (caution, advi- No Yessory, warning)

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 135.8 x 75 x 83 154 x 73 x 80 166.4 x 50.7 x 68 166.4 x 50.7 x 68

(53.5 x 29.5 x 32.7) (60.6 x 28.7 x 31.5) (65.5 x 20 x 26.8) (65.5 x 20 x 26.8)

Weight, kg (lb) 136 (300) 110 (242); 130 (286) 122 (269) 122 (269)with AS/3 Monitoring

Shelves, cm [48/68/88/] x 35 or 62 x 40 (1) 54.5 x 36 (1); 54.5 x 36 (1);[19/27/35] x 14 28 x 30 (1) 28 x 30 (1)

Drawers, cm 10.5 x 38.5 x 26; 11 x 42 x 36 (2, 39.4 x 26.7 x 10.2 39.4 x 26.7 x 10.214.5 x 38.5 x 26 opt optional) (2) (2)

Writing shelf, cm 38.5 x 26 51 x 30 (1) No No

Installation Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with lockingcasters, pendant casters, pendant casters casters

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100/120; optional 110/240 100/120; optional 100/120; optional220/240 220/240 220/240

Auxiliary outlets 4 3 4-6 4-6

BACKUP BATTERY In ventilator Yes No In ventilatorType Gel cell Lead acid NA Ni-Cd; gel cellUse per charge, hr 30 min ~0.5 NA 0.5

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice $39,340-52,000 Not specified $12,200-35,000 $12,200-35,000

Warranty 1 year Not specified 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes Not specified Yes Yes

Delivery time, ARO 4 weeks Not specified 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Options include 2 or Trends of fresh gas, Options include Options include3 in-line vapori- agent, & ventilator auxiliary O2 flow- auxiliary O2 flow-zers, pendant or settings; measures meter, freestanding meter, freestandingtrolley, choice of fresh-gas & agent Bain circuit Bain circuitventilator display consumption; total adapter, GMS Bain adapter, GMS Bainalarms, breathing fresh gas flow & O2/ circuit adapter, GMS circuit adapter, GMSsystem bag alarms, N2O percentages dis- absorber, IV pole, absorber, IV pole,number of cylinder played; automatic cable management cable managementyokes, auxiliary switch to secondary arm, shelf angle arm, shelf anglecommon gas outlet, driving gas of vent- blocks, suction reg- blocks, suction reg-CO2 bypass, gain ilator; software ulators, vaporizer ulators, vaporizermodule, integrated selects driving gas; storage brackets, storage brackets,suction, O2 flowmet- service menu w/error mounting for mounting forer, auxiliary light, log; service soft- monitors. Meets monitors. MeetsIV posts, mounting. ware. Meets requirements of requirements ofMeets requirements requirements of ASTM ASTM F1850, CSA, ASTM F1850, CSA,of ASTM F1850, CSA, F29.01.09, ISO/DIS JIS, and UL. EN 740, JIS, and UL.EN 740, JIS, and UL. 8835-1, and EN 740.


Anesthesia Units




Excel 210 SE (Model Excel 210 SE (Model Excel MRI Modulus CD7000 ventilator) 7800 & 7900 vents)

WHERE MARKETED Asia, Canada, Latin Worldwide See footnote * Latin America, USAAmerica, Japan, USA

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes No

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes Yes Yes Yes **

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air);4 optional

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 4 (O2, N2O, air,opt CO2 or heliox)


ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane flurane, desflurane

Type See footnote *** See footnote *** Tec 5 See footnote ***

Number 2 2 2 3Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes


O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic Pneumatic

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Mechanical limit Mechanical limit Mechanical limit Mechanical limit

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Model 7000 Model 7800 : No Model 7850Model 7900

Bellows Yes Yes NA YesSize 1,500 mL 1,500 mL NA 1,500 mLType Ascending (standing) † Ascending (standing) † NA Ascending (standing) †

Primary controlsVentilation modes Volume Volume : Volume and NA Volume control

pressureTidal volume No Yes NA Yes

Range, cc NA 50-1,500 : 20-1,500 NA 50-1,500Minute volume Yes No NA No

Range, L/min 2-30 NA NA NA

Frequency, bpm 6-40 2-100 : 4-100 NA 2-100

Inspiratory flow,L/min NA 10-100 : NA NA 10-100

I:E ratio 1:1 to 1:3 NA : 2:1 to 1:8 NA NA

Inspiratory pause NA 25% Ti : 5-60% Ti NA 25% TiPressure-limit,

cm H2O 65 20-100 : 12-100 NA 20-100 adjustablePEEP, cm H2O 0-20 optional 0-20 optional : 0-20, optional 0-20, optional

4-30 integratedOther controls Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter

System checks Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test Manual pre-use test,ventilator self-test ventilator self-test system self-test,

ventilator self-test

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Marketed in English-speaking countries. three pages covering** Correct date must be set manually on January 1, 2000 (or first use thereafter). the above model(s).*** Vaporizers include the Tec 5 (a temperature-, flow-, and pressure-compensated vaporizer) and the Tec 6 (a heated, constant- These specifications

temperature, pressure- and flow-compensated vaporizer used for desflurane only). continue onto the† Latex-free and autoclavable. next two pages.






SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Active or passive Active or passive Active or passive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER No No No Case-save feature

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT No No No Standard disk drive,

RS232 output

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes * Yes Absorber gauge Yes

Where measured Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limbHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes NA Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Yes NA Yes

Continuing pressalarm Yes Yes NA Yes

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes NA YesOther press alarms No No NA No

Expiratory vol/flow Monitoring pod 7800 : 7900 Opt respirometer YesType of sensor Vane Vane : Diff pressure Vane VaneWhere measured Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory port Expiratory portRate alarm No No No YesApnea alarm Yes Yes No Yes

Reverse flow alarm Yes Yes No YesHigh/low min vol Yes Yes No YesHigh/low flow Yes Yes No YesOther expir alarms No No No No

O2 concentration Yes ** Yes ** Yes (5125) ** Yes **Type of sensor Fuel cell Fuel cell Fuel cell Fuel cell

Response time, sec <35 <35 <35 <35CO2 concentration Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 No Yes

Apnea alarm Yes Yes NA Yes ***N2O Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 No YesAgent monitors Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 No Yes

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- NA Sevoflurane, enflur-ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Auto ID No : Yes : Yes No : Yes : Yes NA OptionalAgent conc alarm Yes Yes NA Yes

ECG Optional ACMS:AS/3 Optional ACMS:AS/3 No OptionalHeart rate Optional Optional NA OptionalST segment Optional Optional NA Optional

Noninvasive BP Optional Optional No OptionalInvasive BP Optional Optional No OptionalTemperature Optional Optional No OptionalPulse oximeter Optional Optional No YesOther monitors SvO2, cardiac output SvO2, cardiac output No No

Other features Trends, printing, Trends, printing, None specified Alarm managementnetworking available networking available optionswith AS/3 monitoring with AS/3 monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* The 7000 works in conjunction with a monitoring pod used to drive alarms, not to display a particular value. three pages covering** The Ohmeda Link 25 hypoxic guard precludes setting hypoxic O2 flow ratios. the above model(s).*** The Modulus CD and Modulus CD-CV offer apnea monitoring from either expiratory volume or CO2 concentration. These specifications

continue onto thenext page.

Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Monitoring pod 7800 : 7900 Yes YesNumber 1 1 1 2Type LCD LCD : ICE LCD/5125 O2 monitor High-resolution CRTIntegrated Yes Yes No YesInterface w/others HP ACMS, Omnicare 24 HP ACMS, Omnicare 24 No HP ACMS, Omnicare 24

DATA INPUT No No No Standard disk drive

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Yes NA Yes

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 158.1 x 69.2 x 69.9 158.1 x 69.2 x 69.9 158 x 73.6 x 76 158 x 94 x 71

(62.3 x 27.3 x 27.5) (62.3 x 27.3 x 27.5) (62.2 x 29 x 29.9) (62.2 x 37 x 28)

Weight, kg (lb) 116 (255.8) 116 (255.8) 93.5 (206.1) 210 (463.1)

Shelves, cm 61.6 x 38.1 (1); 61.6 x 38.1 (1); 59.7 x 36 (1); 92.7 x 38 (1);38.1 x 39.3 (1) 38.1 x 39.3 (1) 29 x 31 (1) 37 x 30 (1)

Drawers, cm 47.6 x 34.3 x 14 (up 47.6 x 34.3 x 14 (up 39.4 x 26.7 x 10.2 36 x 38 x 10.1 (2);to 3 optional) to 3 optional) (2) 36 x 38 x 20.3 (1)

Writing shelf, cm 46.5 x 36.8, 46.5 x 36.8, No Nooptional optional

Installation Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile with lockingcasters casters casters casters

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100/120; optional 100/120; optional None 100/120; optional220/240 220/240 220/240

Auxiliary outlets 4-6 4-6 NA 4

BACKUP BATTERY No In ventilator No UPS; min system funcType NA Ni-Cd; gel cell NA Gel cellUse per charge, hr NA 0.5 NA See footnote *

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice $14,300-40,000 $14,300-40,000 $20,500 $62,900-65,100

Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes Yes Yes Yes

Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Options include Options include Options include Alert zones andauxiliary O2 flow- auxiliary O2 flow- auxiliary O2 flow- trend advisories;meter, freestanding meter, freestanding meter, freestanding 3.5" disk drive;Bain circuit Bain circuit Bain circuit optional absorberadapter, GMS Bain adapter, GMS Bain adapter, GMS Bain with latching fresh-circuit adapter, GMS circuit adapter, GMS circuit adapter, GMS gas inlet; tiltingabsorber, IV pole, absorber, IV pole, absorber, IV pole, top shelf; batterycable management cable management add-on drawers, backup/failurearm, shelf angle arm, shelf angle auxiliary shelves. alarm; output panel;blocks, suction reg- blocks, suction reg- guarded O2 flush;ulators, vaporizer ulators, vaporizer integral mountingstorage brackets, storage brackets, rail/footrest;mounting for mounting for options: auxiliarymonitors. Meets monitors. Meets O2 flowmeter, free-requirements of requirements of stand Bain circuitASTM F1850, CSA, ASTM F1850, CSA, adapter, GMSJIS, and UL. EN 740, JIS, and UL. absorber, IV pole,

auxiliary shelves. **

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* The unit can operate for 0.5 hr with full system function on the first battery and for 0.5 hr with minimum system fuction on

the second battery.** Also arrhythmia detection, a strip-chart recorder, a cable management arm, and event markers.




MODEL DATEX-OHMEDA DATEX-OHMEDA DRAEGER DRAEGER

Modulus CD-CV Modulus SE (Model Cato Cicero EM7800 & 7900 vents)

WHERE MARKETED Latin America, USA See footnote * Worldwide, except Worldwide, exceptNorth America North America

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes No No

CE MARK (MDD) No Yes Yes Yes

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes ** Yes Yes Yes

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air); 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)4 optional

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 4 (O2, N2O, air, 4 (O2, N2O, air, 2 optional (O2, air) 2 optional (O2, air)opt CO2 or heliox) opt CO2 or heliox)



Type See footnote *** See footnote *** Variable bypass, Variable bypass,heated (desflurane) heated (desflurane)

Number 3 3 1 or 2 1 or 2Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Yes

O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic Pneumatic Acoustic alarm, Acoustic alarm,N2O lock N2O lock

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Mechanical limit Mechanical limit O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Model 7850 Model 7800 : Electronically ElectronicallyModel 7900 driven/controlled driven/controlled

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize 1,500 mL 1,500 mL Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending (standing) † Ascending (standing) † Piston unit Piston unit

Primary controlsVentilation modes Volume control Volume : Volume and IPPV, SIMV, manual, IPPV, SIMV, manual,

pressure PCV, spontaneous PCV, spontaneousTidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, cc 50-1,500 50-1,500 : 20-1,500 10-1,400 10-1,400Minute volume No No Yes Yes

Range, L/min NA NA 0.06-25 0.06-25

Frequency, bpm 2-100 2-100 : 4-100 6-80 6-80

Inspiratory flow,L/min 10-100 10-100 : NA 75 maximum 75 maximum

I:E ratio NA NA : 2:1 to 1:8 1:3 to 2:1 1:3 to 2:1

Inspiratory pause 25% Ti 25% Ti : 5-60% Ti Not specified Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 20-100 adjustable 20-100 : 12-100 5-80 mbar adjustable 5-80 mbar adjustablePEEP, cm H2O 0-20, optional 0-20 optional : 0; 2-15 mbar 0; 2-15 mbar

4-30 integratedOther controls Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Tip:Ti 0-60% Tip:Ti 0-60%

System checks Manual pre-use test, Manual pre-use test, Leakage Leakagesystem self-test, ventilator self-testventilator self-test

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Marketed in English-speaking countries. three pages covering** Correct date must be set manually on January 1, 2000 (or first use thereafter). the above model(s).*** Vaporizers include the Tec 5 (a temperature-, flow-, and pressure-compensated vaporizer) and the Tec 6 (a heated, constant- These specifications

temperature, pressure- and flow-compensated vaporizer used for desflurane only). continue onto the† Latex-free and autoclavable. next two pages.

Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Active or passive Vacuum/exhaust, opt AGSS, active,active, AGSS optional passive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Case-save feature No Optional Optional

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Standard disk drive, No Optional Optional

RS232 output

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Piezoresistive Piezoresistive

Where measured Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Not specified Not specifiedHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes 5-98 mbar 5-98 mbar

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Yes Mean pressure Mean pressure

or airway pressure or airway pressureContinuing press

alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Apnea (0-35 mbar) ApneaOther press alarms No No None specified None specified

Expiratory vol/flow Yes 7800 : 7900 Yes YesType of sensor Vane Vane : Diff pressure Not specified Not specifiedWhere measured Expiratory port Expiratory port Not specified Not specifiedRate alarm Yes No Yes YesApnea alarm Yes Yes Automatic Yes

Reverse flow alarm Yes Yes Yes YesHigh/low min vol Yes Yes Yes YesHigh/low flow Yes Yes No NoOther expir alarms No No High (0.1-39 L/min), Minute volume

low (0-38.9 L/min)O2 concentration Yes * Yes * Yes Yes

Type of sensor Fuel cell Fuel cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell

Response time, sec <35 <35 Not specified Not specifiedCO2 concentration Yes Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Sidestream IR Sidestream IR

Apnea alarm Yes ** Yes Automatic YesN2O Yes Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Sidestream IR Sidestream IRAgent monitors Yes Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Yes Yes

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Auto ID Optional No : Yes : Yes IDs vaporizer IDs agent/gas mixAgent conc alarm Yes Yes Not specified Not specified

ECG Yes Opt RGM:ACMS:AS/3 Yes YesHeart rate Yes Optional Yes YesST segment Yes Optional Yes Yes

Noninvasive BP Yes Optional Yes YesInvasive BP Up to 4 Optional Yes YesTemperature 2 Optional Resistive airway YesPulse oximeter Yes Optional Yes YesOther monitors No SvO2, cardiac output Patient compliance Patient compliance

Other features Alarm management Trends, printing, None specified None specifiedoptions networking available

with AS/3 monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* The Ohmeda Link 25 hypoxic guard precludes setting hypoxic O2 flow ratios. three pages covering** The Modulus CD and Modulus CD-CV offer apnea monitoring from either expiratory volume or CO2 concentration. the above model(s).

These specificationscontinue onto thenext page.






DISPLAYS Yes 7800 : 7900 Yes YesNumber 2 1 3 2Type High-resolution CRT LCD : ICE EL, LED CRT, LEDIntegrated Yes Yes Yes YesInterface w/others HP ACMS, Omnicare 24 HP ACMS No Optional

DATA INPUT Standard disk drive No Rotary knob, Rotary knob,softkeys, hardkeys softkeys, hardkeys

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Yes 3 (alarm, caution, 3 (alarm, caution,advisory) advisory)

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 158 x 94 x 71 170 x 79.4 x 79.4 148 x 47 x 78.5 135 x 71 x 75

(62.2 x 37 x 28) (66.9 x 31 x 31) (58.3 x 18.5 x 31) (53.1 x 28 x 30)

Weight, kg (lb) 220 (485.1) 139.3 (309.5) 140 (308.7) 200 (441)

Shelves, cm 92.7 x 38 (1); 80.6 x 37 (1); Not specified (2) Not specified (2)37 x 30 (1) 43 x 40 (1)

Drawers, cm 36 x 38 x 10.1 (2); 14 x 47.6 x 34.3 (up Not specified (1) Not specified (1)36 x 38 x 20.3 (1) to 3 optional)

Writing shelf, cm No 47.6 x 36.8 (1, 37 x 42 37 x 42optional)

Installation Mobile with locking Mobile with locking Mobile, pendant Mobile, pendantcasters casters

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100/120; optional 110/120; optional 110/230 110/230220/240 220/240

Auxiliary outlets 4 6 3 4

BACKUP BATTERY UPS; min system func In ventilator Optional OptionalType Gel cell Ni-Cd; gel cell Not specified Not specifiedUse per charge, hr See footnote * 0.5 1 1

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice $75,750-77,950 $21,000-47,000 Not specified Not specified


Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 4 weeks 40 days 50 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Alert zones and Suction regulators; Compact Integratedtrend advisories; vaporizer storage anesthesia work- anesthesia work-3.5" disk drive; brackets; mounting station; sample gas station; uniformoptional absorber for monitoring return; compliance transport conceptwith latching fresh- equipment; top shelf compensation and with Parameterbox;gas inlet; tilting angle blocks; GMS trends; uniform opt hierarchicaltop shelf; battery absorber; standard transport concept data handling; sys-backup/failure clock with dual up/ with Parameterbox tem communicationalarm; output panel; down time. Meets optional. w/anesthesia machineguarded O2 flush; requirements of and infusion pumps;integral mounting ASTM F1850, CSA, compliancerail/footrest; EN 710, and UL. compensation; meanoptions: auxiliary pressure trends;O2 flowmeter, free- sample gas return.stand Bain circuitadapter, GMSabsorber, IV pole,auxiliary shelves. **

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* The unit can operate for 0.5 hr with full system function on the first battery and for 0.5 hr with minimum system fuction on

the second battery.** Also arrhythmia detection, a strip-chart recorder, a cable management arm, and event markers.

Anesthesia Units



MODEL DRAEGER DRAEGER DRAEGER HEYER ANESTHESIA

Fabius Julian Physioflex MODULAR3-Gas Version

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide Asia, Europe Europe, Far East,North America Middle East, Russia

FDA CLEARANCE No Yes No Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Not specified

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes Yes Yes Not specified

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 4 (O2, N2O, air, 3 (O2, N2O, air)vacuum)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 or 4 optional 2 (O2, N2O) 2 optional (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)(O2, N2O)

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Halothane, sevo-

ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane,flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane halothane enflurane

Type Variable bypass, Variable bypass, Direct injector Variable bypassheated (desflurane) heated (desflurane)

Number 1 or 2 2 3 1Interlock Yes Yes NA Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Yes Optional Optional

O2 FAIL-SAFE Acoustic alarm, Acoustic alarm, Acoustic alarm, Acoustic with N2ON2O lock N2O lock N2O lock shutoff

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE O2 ratio controller O2 ratio controller Minimal setting Ratio system, O2

O2 20% >20% in fresh gas

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Electronically Electronic controls, Computer controlled Yesdriven/controlled pneumatically driven

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Piston unit Descending, bag in 4-membrane chamber Descending, bag in

bottle bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes IPPV, manual, spont, PCV, IPPV, manual, IPPV, PCV, manual, Manual, CMVpressure limited spontaneous spontaneous


Minute volume Yes Yes Yes NoRange, L/min 0.3-25 0.3-45 0.12-25 NA

Frequency, bpm 6-60 6-60 6-80 6-60

Inspiratory flow,L/min 75 maximum 5-75 adjustable 9-90 0.5-40

I:E ratio 1:3 to 2:1 1:4 to 2:1 1:4 to 4:1 1:3 to 2:1

Inspiratory pause 5-50% of T1 0-50% of insp time Not specified 5 secPressure-limit,

cm H2O 10-70 mbar adjust 5-80 mbar adjustable 15-65 adjustable 20-60 adjustPEEP, cm H2O 0-15 variable 0-20 mbar 0; 1-20 adjustable 0-15 variable

electronicOther controls None specified Low fresh-gas None specified None specified

detection

System checks None specified Compliance, leaks System test, leakage None specifiedcompensation,compromise, volume







SCAVENGING SYSTEM AGSS, active Vacuum/exhaust, AGSS NA, closed system Passive vacuum, NGA

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional Yes Yes Not specified

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Optional Optional Optional No

MONITORSAirway pressure Piezoresistive Piezoresistive Yes Yes

Where measured System pressure Gas inlet System Inspiratory sideHi-pressure alarm 5-78 mbar 5-98 mbar 0-75 cm H2O 20-80 mbar

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Airway pressure Mean pressure or Not specified No

airway pressureContinuing press

alarm Yes Yes Yes 2.5-60 mbar

Low pressure/apnea Apnea Apnea (0-35 mbar) Yes YesOther press alarms None specified None specified 2nd pressure monitor No

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes Yes YesType of sensor Not specified Not specified Membrane chamber ElectricalWhere measured Not specified Not specified Circuit Expiratory valveRate alarm Yes Yes No NoApnea alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm No No NA NoHigh/low min vol Yes Yes Yes YesHigh/low flow No No Not specified NoOther expir alarms Sensor inoperation Sensor disconnect, 2nd minute volume No

sensor fail monitorO2 concentration Yes Yes Yes Yes

Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Paramagnetic Fuel cell

Response time, sec Not specified 0.5 <10 1CO2 concentration Optional Sidestream IR Sidestream IR No

Apnea alarm Optional Yes Yes NoN2O Optional Sidestream IR Sidestream IR NoAgent monitors Optional Yes Yes No

Type of agents Not specified Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- NAane, halothane, iso- ane, isoflurane,flurane, desflurane halothane

Auto ID Not specified IDs agent/gas mix Yes NAAgent conc alarm Not specified Yes Yes NA

ECG Optional No Optional NoHeart rate Optional NA Optional NAST segment Optional NA Optional NA

Noninvasive BP Optional No Optional NoInvasive BP Optional No Optional NoTemperature Optional Optional Optional NoPulse oximeter Optional Optional Optional NoOther monitors None specified None specified None specified No

Other features None specified Stored trends, hard- Quantitative anes- Nonecopy printouts thesia; end-tidal

control, ALICE, BB


Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes YesNumber 1 1 2 3Type LCD EL CRT, LED LEDIntegrated Yes Yes Yes YesInterface w/others Optional Not specified Yes No

DATA INPUT Rotary knob, Rotary knob, Softkeys, hardkeys Knobssoftkeys, hardkeys softkeys, hardkeys

PRIORITIZED ALARMS 3 (alarm, caution, 3 (alarm, caution, 3 (alarm, caution, Noadvisory) advisory) advisory)


(50.4 x 37.8 x 24.4) (53.1 x 27.5 x 27.5) (52.4 x 39.4 x 29.1) (17.7 x 16.5 x 7.8)or 93 x 64 x 42(36.6 x 25.2 x 16.5) *

Weight, kg (lb) 82 (180.8) 90 (198), mobile; 180 (397) Not specified75 (165), pendant

Shelves, cm 43 x 30 45 x 29 (1) Not specified (2) 40 x 35 (1)

Drawers, cm Not specified (2) 44 x 18 x 30 (1) Not specified (1) On request

Writing shelf, cm 39 x 27.5 34 x 34 (1) Not specified No

Installation Mobile, pendant, Mobile, pendant, Mobile, pendant Mobile, pendant,wall-fixed wall-fixed wall-mounted

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100-240 90-265 110/230 115/230

Auxiliary outlets No 2-3 1-2 Not specified

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedType Lead gel Lead gel Lead gel Not specifiedUse per charge, hr 1.5 0.5 0.5 Not specified

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified


Delivery time, ARO 50 days 50 days 50 days 30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Modular. Sample gas return Integrated work- Meets requirements(not in USA); station for quanti- of DIN 13252,automatic calibra- tative anesthesia; DIN 13260, EN 740,tion of all sensors; computer controlled; and IEC 601.optional integration optional: integra-of hemodynamic tion of hemodynamicmonitoring system; monitor, xenon (11-compliance 1999) automaticcompensation. calibration of all

sensorssamples; sample gasreturn.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* The first set of dimensions is for the mobile unit; the second set is for the wall- or ceiling-mounted unit.




MODEL HEYER ANESTHESIA HILL-ROM IMI KIMURA

NARKOMAT Falcon VP-100 KF-5000V

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide Japan Worldwide, exceptUSA USA

FDA CLEARANCE No Yes No Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes No Not specified


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 or 3 (O2, N2O, 2 (O2, N2O); 3 optair) (O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) opt 3 or 4 (O2, N2O, 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (2 O2, N2O)air, CO2)

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflorane, enflur- Sevoflorane, enflur- Halothane, sevo- Not specified

ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, isoflurane, enflurane,flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane isoflurane

Type Variable bypass Temperature Variable bypass Not specifiedcompensated

Number 2 3 maximum 2 2Interlock Yes Not specified Yes Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Yes No Not specified

O2 FAIL-SAFE Acoustic with N2O Yes Pneumatic Yesshutoff

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Ratio system, O2 Pneumatic Yes Minimum 30% O2

>20%

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Yes Optional (AV-500) Yes

Bellows Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Not specifiedType Descending, bag in Ascending, bag in Ascending, bag in Not specified

bottle bottle bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes Manual, CMV, spont; Manual, IMV, PCV, CMV, standby Not specified(S)CMV, PCV opt SIMV

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, cc 20-1,400 20-1,300 300-1,500; 50-300 150-1,990

Minute volume Yes No Yes Not specifiedRange, L/min 1-20 NA 2-33.9 Not specified

Frequency, bpm 4-60 4-60 6-37 8-30

Inspiratory flow,L/min 1-80 Yes No 1.2-15

I:E ratio 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:3, 3:1 to 1:9 1:1 to 1:4 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:32:1, 3:1

Inspiratory pause 5 sec Yes No Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 20-80 adjustable Yes 7 fixed Not specifiedPEEP, cm H2O 0-20 4-20 No Optional

Other controls Plateau sigh, 30 sec None specified Float-type flowmeter None specifiedexpiratory pause,volume constantventilation

System checks Not specified Complete circuit, None None specifiedpre-use test forleaks


Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional Passive AGSS Exhaust, active Optional vacuum orexhaust

AUTO RECORD KEEPER External option No No No

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Digital output No No Not specified

RS232; IRDA opt

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes Yes

Where measured Inspiratory side Y-piece, exp limb Y-piece CircuitHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes (pressure-relief No No No

valve included)Continuing press

alarm Yes Yes No No

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedOther press alarms None specified None specified No None specified

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes No Not specifiedType of sensor Hotwire PITOT static NA Not specifiedWhere measured Expiratory valve Circuit, exp limb NA Not specifiedRate alarm Yes Yes NA NoApnea alarm Yes Yes NA Not specified

Reverse flow alarm No Yes NA Not specifiedHigh/low min vol Yes Yes NA Not specifiedHigh/low flow No Yes NA Not specifiedOther expir alarms None specified Yes NA None specified

O2 concentration Yes Yes No YesType of sensor Galvanic cell, Galvanic cell NA Galvanic cell

paramagnetic optResponse time, sec Not specified Not specified NA Not specified

CO2 concentration Sidestream IR opt No No NoApnea alarm Not specified No NA Not specified

N2O Sidestream IR opt No No Not specifiedAgent monitors Optional NA No Not specified

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- NA NA Not specifiedane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane

Auto ID No NA NA Not specifiedAgent conc alarm Optional NA NA Not specified

ECG External option No No Not specifiedHeart rate External option NA NA Not specifiedST segment External option NA NA Not specified

Noninvasive BP External option No No NoInvasive BP External option No No Not specifiedTemperature External option No No Not specifiedPulse oximeter External option No No Not specifiedOther monitors None specified None specified No None specified

Other features None specified None specified None None specified







DISPLAYS Yes Yes No Not specifiedNumber 1 1 NA Not specifiedType EL LCD NA Not specifiedIntegrated Yes Yes NA Not specifiedInterface w/others RS232 Yes NA Not specified

DATA INPUT Rotary mouse, Knob No Not specifiedkeyboard

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Caution, warning, Yes No Not specifiedadvisory

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 154 x 91.5 x 79.5 146 x 81 x 64 153 x 61 x 72 140 x 60 x 61

(60.6 x 36 x 31.3) (57.5 x 31.9 x 25.2) (60.2 x 24 x 28.3) (55.1 x 23.6 x 24)

Weight, kg (lb) 170 (375) 150 (330.8) 60 (132) 100 (220.5)

Shelves, cm Not specified Not specified 37 x 43 (1) Not specified

Drawers, cm Not specified (2) Not specified 37 x 44; 37 x 33 (2) Yes

Writing shelf, cm Yes Not specified 50 x 35 (1) No

Installation Mobile Not specified Mobile Not specified

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100-115, 60 Hz or 110/220 100 110/220230, 50 Hz

Auxiliary outlets 2 4 4 Not specified

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes No Not specifiedType Not specified Ni-Cd NA Not specifiedUse per charge, hr 0.5 30 min NA Not specified

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice $15,000-30,000 £15,000-17,000 Not specified Not specified

(US$24,177-27,400)

Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes Yes Yes Not specified

Delivery time, ARO 4-6 weeks 6 weeks Not specified Not specified

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Automatic compensa- SIMV; PCV; total None specified. None specified.tion for patient circuit compliance.system compliance;O2 flush; fresh-gasdecoupling; autoVt constant; patientcircuit; integratedcompact blockheating device toavoid condensation;low-flow ability;minimal-flowability.


Anesthesia Units



MODEL MEGAMED MEGAMED MERCURY MEDICAL NORMECAFAILED TO RESPOND *

Megamed 707 Mivolan ANODYNE CC MP-1 : MP-2

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide, except North America Worldwide, exceptUSA USA North America

FDA CLEARANCE No No Yes Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Not specified


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 2 or 3 3 (O2, N2O, air) Draw-over :2 (O2, N2O)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O) 4 (2 O2, N2O, air) No

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflorane, enflur- Sevoflorane, enflur- Sevoflorane, enflur- Halothane,

ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- enflurane, trilene,flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane isoflurane

Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass, Variable bypassheated desflurane

Number 1 1 3 1Interlock Yes Yes Yes No

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Yes No

O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Acoustic with N2O Noshutoff

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE With alarm With alarm Ratio system O2, No

<20% in fresh gas

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Yes Yes No

Bellows Yes Yes Yes NASize Adult/ped (1 size) Adult/ped (1 size) Adult/pediatric NAType Bag with pneumatic Ascending, step Descending NA

cylinder motorPrimary controls

Ventilation modes IPPV, manual, spon- IPPV, manual, spon- Standby, manual, CMV NAtaneous ** taneous, SIMV ** child and adult

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes NARange, cc 20-1,200 25-1,500 50-140 NA

Minute volume No No Yes NARange, L/min NA NA 1-16 NA

Frequency, bpm 5-65 6-60 2-60 NA

Inspiratory flow,L/min 0-90 Not specified 0.5-80 NA

I:E ratio 1:3 to 2:1 1:3 to 3:1 1: 4, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, NA2:1, 3:1

Inspiratory pause Yes 0-30% of insp time 20/30% insp time NAPressure-limit,

cm H2O 5-90 0-80 10-100 NAPEEP, cm H2O 0-20 mechanical 0-20 mechanical 0-20 electronic NA

Other controls Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Sigh, 30 sec expir NApause, 5 sec insphold, fresh-gasdecoupled

System checks None Fresh-gas flow Circuit compliance, NAleak test, automaticsystem check

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Specifications current as of January 1998. three pages covering** Also assisted IPPV and pressure control. the above model(s).

These specificationscontinue onto thenext two pages.






SCAVENGING SYSTEM Vacuum and/or Vacuum and/or Vacuum, active, Noexhaust exhaust passive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional Optional No No

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Optional RS232 Yes Optical or RS232 No

interface

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes No

Where measured Inspiratory airway Inspiratory airway Inspiratory side NAHi-pressure alarm 0-90 mbar 0-90 mbar 20-100 NA

Subatmosphericpressure alarm No No 2 mbar NA

Continuing pressalarm Yes Yes Yes NA

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes NAOther press alarms No No No NA

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes Yes NoType of sensor Vane Vane Electronic pneumotec NAWhere measured Expiratory valve Expiratory valve Expiratory NARate alarm 0-25 L/min 0-99 L/min Yes NAApnea alarm Yes Yes Yes NA

Reverse flow alarm No No No NAHigh/low min vol Yes Yes Yes NAHigh/low flow No No No NAOther expir alarms No Minimal fresh gas Low volume NA

alarmO2 concentration Yes Yes Yes No

Type of sensor Fuel cell Fuel cell Fuel cell NA

Response time, sec <20 <20 0.2 NACO2 concentration No No No No

Apnea alarm NA NA 15, 30, 60 sec NAN2O No No No NoAgent monitors Optional Yes No No

Type of agents Halothane, Halothane, NA NAenflurane, enflurane,isoflurane isoflurane

Auto ID No No NA NAAgent conc alarm Yes Yes NA NA


Noninvasive BP No No No NoInvasive BP No No No NoTemperature No No No NoPulse oximeter No No No NoOther monitors Optional Optional No No

Other features None specified None specified None None specified

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* Specifications current as of January 1998. three pages covering


Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes NoNumber 4 10 1 NAType Green LED Red and green LED EL/ICE NAIntegrated Yes Yes Yes NAInterface w/others No RS232 No NA

DATA INPUT Knobs Key Rotary mouse, Nohot keys

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No 3-level audio alarm Message form and Noaudio

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 137 x 59 x 63 145 x 57 x 78 146 x 103.9 x 67 43 x 35.5 x 24.5

(54 x 23.2 x 24.8) (57.1 x 22.4 x 30.7) (57.5 x 40.9 x 26.4) (16.9 x 14 x 9.6)

Weight, kg (lb) 120 (264.6) 138 (304.3) 170 (375) 6.6 (14.5) :10.8 (23.8)

Shelves, cm 54 x 39 (1) 54 x 30 (1) 652" No : 19 x 36 (1)

Drawers, cm 38 x 39 (2) 47 x 36 (1) Not specified (4) No

Writing shelf, cm Optional Optional Not specified (yes) No

Installation Mobile Mobile On wheels Not specified

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 230 230 110/220 NA, pneumatic

Auxiliary outlets 4 4 4 NA

BACKUP BATTERY No Yes Yes NA, pneumaticType NA Lead acid Lead acid NAUse per charge, hr NA 1 30 min NA


Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes Yes Yes At variable cost

Delivery time, ARO Not specified Not specified Not specified 4-8 weeks

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Proportional Microprocessor Fresh gas decoupled; Specially designedflowmeter for O2 controlled; tidal volume cons- for use in field(ORC); one bellows proportional flow- tant; compliance- hospitals andtype for adults and meter for O2 (ORC); compensated system similar locations;children; pressure- one bellows type for and circuit; inte- MP-1 is a basiccontrolled IPPV. adults and children; grated absorber/ draw-over machine;Meets requirements SIMV and assist mode bellows; heated MP-2 includes by-of DEKRA, IEC 601-1, ventilation patient module pass valve andMedGV, SEV, TUV, and included. Meets (inspiratory/expira- rotameter box.VDE. requirements of tory); autoclavable;

DEKRA, IEC 601-1, software driven; MS-MedGV, SEV, TUV, and DOS-based ventilatorVDE. design; sample gas

recirculation inlet;low-flow capability.Meets requirementsof CSA andUL 2101-1.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* Specifications current as of January 1998.




MODEL NORMECA NORTH AMERICAN NORTH AMERICAN NORTH AMERICANFAILED TO RESPOND * DRAGER DRAGER DRAGERMP-3 Fabius Julian Narkomed 6000

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide North AmericaNorth America North America

FDA CLEARANCE Not specified No Yes Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Yes Yes No

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Not specified Yes Yes Yes

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (2 O2, N2O or air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES No 2 or 4 optional 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (2 O2, N2O or air)(O2, N2O, air)

VAPORIZERSAgents Halothane, Halothane, sevoflur- Halothane, sevoflur- Halothane, sevoflur-

enflurane, trilene, ane, enflurane, iso- ane, enflurane, iso- ane, enflurane, iso-isoflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass,heated (desflurane)

Number 1 1 or 2 2 2 plus 1 in parkInterlock No NA Yes Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Yes Optional Optional Optional

O2 FAIL-SAFE No Yes Yes Yes

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE No Yes Yes Yes

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Yes Yes Yes

Bellows Yes Yes Yes Piston unitSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending, bag in Ascending Descending NA


Ventilation modes CMV IMV, manual, IMV, manual, Manual, spontaneous,spontaneous spontaneous, PCV IPPV, PCV, SIMV


Minute volume No Yes Yes YesRange, L/min NA Not specified Not specified Not specified

Frequency, bpm 6-40 6-60 6-60 6-80; 3-80 in SIMVmode

Inspiratory flow,L/min 0-50 75 maximum 5-75 5-75

I:E ratio 1:2 1:3 to 2:1 1:4 to 2:1 1:3 to 2:1

Inspiratory pause Not specified 5-50% of T1 0-50% of insp time 0-60%Pressure-limit,

cm H2O 25-85 adjustable 10-70 10-70 10-80PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 optional 0-15 variable 0-20 0-20

electronicOther controls Float-type flowmeter None specified None specified SIMV rate

System checks No Pre-use system check Automated self-test, Pre-use leak/compli-pre-use leak and ance test w/contin-compliance test uous leak monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Specifications current as of January 1998. three pages covering

the above model(s).These specificationscontinue onto thenext two pages.

Anesthesia Units




SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional AGSS, active AGSS, vacuum/exhaust Active, optionalpassive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER No Optional Optional Optional

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT No Not specified Not specified Saturn Information

System

MONITORSAirway pressure No Piezoresistive Piezoresistive Yes

Where measured NA System pressure Gas inlet Gas inletHi-pressure alarm NA 5-78 mbar 5-98 mbar Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm NA Yes Yes Yes

Continuing pressalarm NA Yes Yes Yes

Low pressure/apnea NA Yes Yes ApneaOther press alarms NA None specified Sensor fault Sensor disconnect

Expiratory vol/flow No Yes Yes YesType of sensor NA Not specified Hot-wire anemometer UltrasonicWhere measured NA Not specified Expiratory limb Expiratory limbRate alarm NA Yes No YesApnea alarm NA Yes Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm NA No No YesHigh/low min vol NA Yes Yes Low minute volumeHigh/low flow NA No No NoOther expir alarms NA Sensor inoperation Flow sensor fault Sensor disconnect

O2 concentration No Yes Yes YesType of sensor NA Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell

(fast O2)Response time, sec NA Not specified <500 msec Not specified

CO2 concentration No Not specified Yes YesApnea alarm NA Not specified Yes Yes

N2O No Not specified Yes YesAgent monitors No No Yes Yes

Type of agents NA NA Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane

Auto ID NA NA Yes YesAgent conc alarm NA NA Yes Yes


Noninvasive BP No No No NoInvasive BP No No No NoTemperature No No No NoPulse oximeter No No No NoOther monitors No Optional No No

Other features None specified None specified Stored trends log, Stored trends log,low fresh gas alarm, low fresh gas alarm,compliance trend compliance trend







DISPLAYS No Yes Yes YesNumber NA 1 Not specified 2Type NA LCD Not specified LED, CRT, color LCDIntegrated NA Yes Yes YesInterface w/others NA Yes Yes Yes

DATA INPUT No Rotary knob, Rotary knob, Touchscreen,softkeys softkeys rotary knob

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Warning, caution, Warning, caution, Warning, caution,advisory advisory advisory

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 57 x 78 x 32 128 x 96 x 62 135 x 70 x 70 86.4 x 144.8 x 83.8

(22.4 x 30.7 x 12.6) (50.4 x 37.8 x 24.4) (53.1 x 27.5 x 27.5) (34 x 57 x 33)

Weight, kg (lb) 16 (35.3) 92 (202.9) 90 (198.5) 226.8 (500)

Shelves, cm 25 x 43 (1) 2 2 Not specified

Drawers, cm No 2 1 1

Writing shelf, cm No Not specified Not specified 1

Installation Not specified Mobile Mobile Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 230 100-240 90-265 100-240, 50/60 Hz

Auxiliary outlets None No 2 (opt power strip) 1

BACKUP BATTERY No Yes Yes YesType NA Lead gel Lead gel Lead acidUse per charge, hr NA 1.5 0.5 0.5


Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract At variable cost Yes Yes Yes

Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 30 days 30 days 30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Specially designed Modular; Sample gas return Optimized for low-for use in field electrically driven (not in USA); flow anesthesia;hospitals and ventilator. automatic calibra- warmed breathingsimilar locations; tion of all sensors; circuit; colorincludes bypass compliance compensa- touchscreen monitor-valve, rotameter tion; fresh-gas ing interface withbox, ventilator, decoupling; auto- flat navigationbag in bottle, and matic leak detect- design;suction unit. ions; circuit- centralized

compliance measure- alarm annuncia-ment; electronic gas tion and control;delivery. compliance compensa-

tion; fresh-gas de-coupling; auto leakdetection; circuit-compliance measure-ment; integratedcalculator/timer.


Anesthesia Units



MODEL NORTH AMERICAN NORTH AMERICAN NORTH AMERICAN OXIGELDRAGER DRAGER DRAGERNarkomed M Narkomed M/Mobile Narkomed MRI Model 2000

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Africa, LatinAmerica

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Yes Yes No

CE MARK (MDD) No No No No

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes Yes Yes No

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O); 3 opt 3 (O2, N2O, air)(O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 1 (O2) 2 (N2O and O2 or 2 (O2, N2O) 1 (O2)2 O2)

VAPORIZERSAgents Halothane, sevo- Halothane, sevo- Halothane, sevo- Halothane, sevo-

flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane, flurane, isoflurane,isoflurane isoflurane isoflurane enflurane

Type Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass Thermocompensable

Number 1 1 1 2Interlock NA NA NA Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Optional Optional Yes

O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Servomatic type

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes SF-25


Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult; others optType Ascending Ascending Ascending Not specified

Primary controlsVentilation modes IPPV, manual, IPPV, manual, IPPV, manual, Manual, mechanical/

spontaneous spontaneous spontaneous spontaneousTidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, cc 50-1,500 20-1,500 50-1,500 0-1,000Minute volume Yes Yes No Yes

Range, L/min Not specified Not specified Not specified 2-40

Frequency, bpm 1-99 1-99 1-99 Not specified

Inspiratory flow,L/min 10-100 10-100 10-100 Not specified

I:E ratio 4:1 to 1:4.5 4:1 to 1:4.5 4:1 to 1:4.5 Not specified

Inspiratory pause Not specified Not specified No Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 15-120 adjustable 15-120 adjustable 15-120 adjustable Not specifiedPEEP, cm H2O 2-15 adjustable 2-15 adjustable No Not specified

Other controls None specified None specified None specified Retroillumination,direct O2 (flushbutton)

System checks Pre-use system check Pre-use system check None Manometers withO2 alarm illuminated






SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active, optional Active, optional Active, optional Optionalpassive passive passive

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional Optional Optional No

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Not specified Not specified No No

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes Yes (O2)

Where measured Absorber/Y-piece Absorber/Y-piece Absorber Not specifiedHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Not specified

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Not specified

Continuing pressalarm Yes Yes Yes Not specified

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedOther press alarms Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect None specified

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedType of sensor Spiromed Ultrasonic Not specified Not specifiedWhere measured Expiratory limb Expiratory limb Expiratory limb Not specifiedRate alarm Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedApnea alarm Yes Yes D/P cell, expiratory Not specified

limbReverse flow alarm Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedHigh/low min vol Low minute volume Low minute volume Low minute volume Not specifiedHigh/low flow No No No Not specifiedOther expir alarms Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect Sensor disconnect None specified

O2 concentration Yes Yes Yes Not specifiedType of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Not specified

Response time, sec Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedCO2 concentration Not specified Not specified No Not specified

Apnea alarm Not specified Not specified NA Not specifiedN2O Not specified Not specified No Not specifiedAgent monitors No No No Not specified

Type of agents NA NA NA Not specified

Auto ID NA NA NA Not specifiedAgent conc alarm NA NA No Not specified

ECG No No No Not specifiedHeart rate NA NA NA Not specifiedST segment NA NA NA Not specified

Noninvasive BP No No No Not specifiedInvasive BP No No No Not specifiedTemperature No No No Not specifiedPulse oximeter No No No Not specifiedOther monitors None specified None specified None specified None specified

Other features None specified None specified None specified None specified


Anesthesia Units




DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes NoNumber 2 2 2 NAType LED, EL LED, EL LCD, LED NAIntegrated Yes Yes Yes NAInterface w/others Yes Yes Yes NA

DATA INPUT Touchpanel, knobs Touchpanel, knobs Touchpanel, knobs No

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Warning, caution, Warning, caution, Warning, caution, Not specifiedadvisory advisory advisory

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 53 x 128 x 41 60 x 136 x 62 80 x 135.2 x 68.6 145 x 68 x 58

(20.9 x 50.4 x 16.1) (23.6 x 53.5 x 24.4) (31.5 x 53.2 x 27) (57 x 26.8 x 22.8)

Weight, kg (lb) 47 (103.6) 74 (163.2) 90.7 (200) 97 (214)

Shelves, cm 1 1 2 Not specified

Drawers, cm Basket 1 Not specified Not specified

Writing shelf, cm Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

Installation Mobile Mobile Mobile Not specified

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100-240, 50/60 Hz 100-240, 50/60 Hz 100-120, 200-240, 110, 22050/60 Hz

Auxiliary outlets No No No 4

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes NoType Lead acid Lead acid Lead acid NAUse per charge, hr 90 min 90 min 6 NA

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified Not specified Not specified $7,100

Warranty 5 years, limited 1 year 1 year 1.5 yearsService contract Yes Yes Yes No

Delivery time, ARO 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Tippable and spill- Venturi technology; Electronic ventila- None specified.proof vaporizer; O2/air selector tor; VPO monitor;detigned to be switch allows for integrated maindisassembled and O2-only or air-only switch; no distanceshipped in cases. operation. limitations.





MODEL PENLON PENLON PENLON PENLON

MRI IM 500 PRIMA 100 PRIMA 101 PRIMA 102

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide

FDA CLEARANCE Not specified No Submitted Submitted

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Yes Yes Yes


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 2, 3, or 4 (O2, 2 or 3 (O2, N2O, 2, 3, or 4 (O2, 2, 3, or 4 (O2,N2O, air, CO2) air, CO2) N2O, air, CO2) N2O, air, CO2)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 4 maximum 2 maximum 3 maximum 5 maximum


flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane,enflurane enflurane enflurane enflurane

Type Plenum Plenum Plenum Plenum

Number 1, 2, or 3 1, 2, or 3 1, 2, or 3 1, 2, or 3Interlock Yes Yes Yes Yes


O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Mechanical Mechanical Mechanical, paramag- Mechanical, paramag-

netic, or fuel cell netic, fuel cell

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Optional (V200) Optional (AV800) * Optional (AV800) * Optional (AV800) *

Bellows No No Yes YesSize NA NA Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType NA NA Ascending Ascending

Primary controlsVentilation modes Flow, inspir/exp Flow, inspir/exp Volume, pressure Volume, pressure

time timeTidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, cc 10-2,000 (adult) 50-2,000 (adult) 20-1,600 (adult) 20-1,600 (adult)Minute volume 1-30 1-30 No No

Range, L/min Not specified Not specified NA NA

Frequency, bpm 10-125 10-125 4-60 4-60

Inspiratory flow,L/min 0.25-1 L/sec 0.25-1 L/sec NA NA

I:E ratio Variable Variable 1:0.3 to 1:6 1:0.3 to 1:6

Inspiratory pause No No 25% Ti 25% TiPressure-limit,

cm H2O 60 set 60 set 10-70 adjustable 10-70 adjustablePEEP, cm H2O Optional Optional 0-20 optional Optional 0-20

Other controls None specified None specified Standby, spontan- Standby, spontan-eous mode, print eous mode, printbutton, spirometry button, spirometry

System checks None specified None specified Ventilator self-test Ventilator self-test

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Latex-free and autoclavable. three pages covering


Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum or Optional vacuum orexhaust exhaust exhaust exhaust


ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Optional Optional Optional Optional

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes Yes Yes

Where measured Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limb Inspiratory limbHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes Variable Variable

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Continuing pressalarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes YesOther press alarms No Yes Yes Yes

Expiratory vol/flow No No Yes YesType of sensor NA NA Differential press Differential pressWhere measured NA NA Expiratory limb Expiratory limbRate alarm NA NA No NoApnea alarm NA NA Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm No No Yes YesHigh/low min vol NA NA Yes YesHigh/low flow NA NA Yes YesOther expir alarms No No No No

O2 concentration Optional Optional Yes YesType of sensor Accessory Accessory Paramagnetic, Paramagnetic,

fuel cell fuel cellResponse time, sec Not specified Not specified 10-20 10-20

CO2 concentration No No No NoApnea alarm NA NA NA No

N2O No No No NoAgent monitors No No No No

Type of agents NA NA NA NA

Auto ID NA NA NA NAAgent conc alarm NA NA NA NA

ECG Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedHeart rate Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedST segment Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified

Noninvasive BP Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedInvasive BP Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedTemperature Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedPulse oximeter Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedOther monitors None specified None specified None specified None specified

Other features None specified None specified None specified None specified







DISPLAYS Not specified Not specified AV800 O2 monitor AV800 O2 monitorNumber Not specified Not specified 2 2Type Not specified Not specified LED LEDIntegrated Not specified Not specified Modular ModularInterface w/others Not specified Not specified Spacelabs, others Spacelabs, others

DATA INPUT No No No No

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No No Yes Yes

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) Not specified 148 x 62 x 23 148 x 45 x 62 148 x 58 x 62

(58.3 x 24.4 x 9.1) (58.3 x 17.7 x 24.4) (58.3 x 22.8 x 24.4)

Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 30 (66.2) 70 (154.4) 75 (165.4)

Shelves, cm None None 48 x 40, 24 x 32 61 x 40, 37 x 32(3), 45 x 37 (3), 61 x 37

Drawers, cm None None 15 x 38 x 43 (3 max) 15 x 38 x 43 (3 max)

Writing shelf, cm None 22 x 30 (1) 22 x 30 (1) 22 x 30 (1)

Installation Not specified Wall-mounted rail Mobile Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC Not specified Not specified 110/240, universal 110/240, universalpower supply power supply

Auxiliary outlets 4 4 4 4

BACKUP BATTERY None No Yes YesType NA NA Sealed lead-acid Sealed lead-acidUse per charge, hr NA NA 0.5 0.5



Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks 4-8 weeks

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Modular system with Modular system with Modular system with Modular system withmonitoring options; monitoring options; monitoring options; monitoring options;options include options include options include options includevaporizer, A100 vaporizer, A100 vaporizer, A100 vaporizer, A100absorber, coaxial absorber, coaxial absorber, coaxial absorber, coaxialcircuits, IV pole, circuits, IV pole, circuits, IV pole, circuits, IV pole,cable management cable management cable management cable managementsystem, suction system, suction system, suction system, suctionregulator and regulator and regulator and regulator andreceivers. Meets the receivers. Meets the receivers. Meets the receivers. Meets therequirements of BS, requirements of BS, requirements of BS, requirements of BS,CSA, DIN, ISO, CSA, DIN, ISO, CSA, DIN, ISO, CSA, DIN, ISO,JIS, and TUV. JIS, and TUV. JIS, and TUV. JIS, and TUV.


Anesthesia Units



MODEL PENLON ROYAL MEDICAL ROYAL MEDICAL ROYAL MEDICAL

PRIMA 103 Delta Multiplus Royal 77

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide Worldwide

FDA CLEARANCE Submitted Submitted Submitted Submitted

CE MARK (MDD) Yes Submitted Submitted Submitted


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 2, 3, or 4 (O2, 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)N2O, air, CO2)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 5 max 4 max optional 2 max 4 max optional


flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane,isoflurane isoflurane isoflurane isoflurane

Type Plenum Variable bypass Variable bypass Variable bypass

Number 1, 2, or 3 2 or 3 1 or 2 optional 2 or 3Interlock Yes Yes Yes Optional


O2 FAIL-SAFE Yes Audible alarm Audible alarm Audible alarm

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Mechanical, paramag- Oxygen ratio Oxygen ratio Oxygen ratio

netic, fuel cell controller controller controller

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Optional (AV800) * Yes Yes Yes

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending Ascending, bag in Ascending, bag in Ascending, bag in

bottle bottle bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes Volume, pressure CMV, manual CMV, manual CMV, manual

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, cc 20-1,600 (adult) 100-1,500; 0-300 ped 100-1,500; 0-300 ped 100-1,500; 0-300 ped

Minute volume No No No NoRange, L/min NA NA NA NA

Frequency, bpm 4-60 10-80 10-80 10-80

Inspiratory flow,L/min NA Not specified Not specified Not specified

I:E ratio 1:0.3 to 1:6 1:1 to 1:3 1:1 to 1:3 1:1 to 1:3

Inspiratory pause 25% Ti Not specified No Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 10-70 adjustable 0-99 0-99 0-99PEEP, cm H2O Optional 0-20 0-30 0-30 0-30

Other controls Standby, spontan- Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmetereous mode, printbutton, spirometry

System checks Ventilator self-test Tidal volume compli- Tidal volume compli- Tidal volume compli-ance, pre-use check ance, pre-use check ance, pre-use checkfor leaks for leaks for leaks

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Latex-free and autoclavable. three pages covering







SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional vacuum or Active or passive Active or passive Active or passiveexhaust


ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Optional No No No

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes No No No

Where measured Inspiratory limb NA NA NAHi-pressure alarm Variable NA NA NA

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Yes NA NA NA

Continuing pressalarm Yes NA NA NA

Low pressure/apnea Yes NA NA NAOther press alarms Yes NA NA NA

Expiratory vol/flow Yes No No NoType of sensor Differential press NA NA NAWhere measured Expiratory limb NA NA NARate alarm No NA NA NAApnea alarm Yes NA NA NA

Reverse flow alarm Yes NA NA NAHigh/low min vol Yes NA NA NAHigh/low flow Yes NA NA NAOther expir alarms No NA NA NA

O2 concentration Yes No No NoType of sensor Paramagnetic, fuel NA NA NA

cellResponse time, sec 10-20 NA NA NA

CO2 concentration No No No NoApnea alarm NA NA NA NA

N2O No No No NoAgent monitors No No No No



ECG Not specified No No NoHeart rate Not specified NA NA NAST segment Not specified NA NA NA

Noninvasive BP Not specified No No NoInvasive BP Not specified No No NoTemperature Not specified No No NoPulse oximeter Not specified No No NoOther monitors None specified No No No

Other features None specified None None None


Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS AV800 O2 monitor Yes Yes YesNumber 2 1 1 1Type LED LED LED LEDIntegrated Modular Yes Yes YesInterface w/others Spacelabs, others No No No

DATA INPUT No Knobs, keys Knobs, keys Knobs, keys

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes Not specified Not specified Not specified

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 148 x 70 x 62 159 x 64 x 68.5 142 x 45 x 60 138 x 62.5 x 23.6

(58.3 x 27.5 x 24.4) (62.6 x 25.2 x 27) (55.9 x 17.7 x 23.6) (54.3 x 24.6 x 9.29)

Weight, kg (lb) 80 (176) 130 (286.7) 100 (220.5) 100 (220.5)

Shelves, cm 72 x 40 x 48 x 32 Not specified 30 x 40 Not specified(3), 72 x 37

Drawers, cm 15 x 38 x 43 (3 max) Not specified 15 x 40 (2) Not specified

Writing shelf, cm 22 x 30 (1) Not specified No Not specified

Installation Mobile; can be Not specified Mobile Mobilewall-mounted

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 110/240, universal Not specified Not specified Not specifiedpower supply

Auxiliary outlets 4 4 None 2

BACKUP BATTERY Yes Yes Yes YesType Sealed lead-acid Lead acid Lead acid Lead acidUse per charge, hr 0.5 1 1 1



Delivery time, ARO 4-8 weeks 30 days 30 days 30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Modular system with None specified. None specified. None specified.monitoring options;options includevaporizer, A100absorber, coaxialcircuits, IV pole,cable managementsystem, suctionregulator andreceivers. Meets therequirements of BS,CSA, DIN, ISO,JIS, and TUV.





MODEL ROYAL MEDICAL SAMED SIARE SIARE

Roytech Anesthesia Unit PERSEO Pulmotron

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide, exceptUSA USA USA

FDA CLEARANCE Submitted No Not specified Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Submitted Not specified Not specified

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes No Not specified Not specified

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 or 3 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 4 max optional 2 2 (O2, N2O) 2 (O2, N2O)

VAPORIZERSAgents Halothane, sevo- Halothane, Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-

flurane, enflurane, enflurane, ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-isoflurane isoflurane flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane


Number 2 or 3 3 maximum 1, 2 1Interlock Optional Yes Optional No


O2 FAIL-SAFE Audible alarm Audible Audible Audible and visual

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes No Audible and visual Audible and visual

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes Yes VR 2000 Yes

Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Ascending, bag in Ascending Horizontal Ascending


Ventilation modes CMV, manual IMV, manual, Manual, IPPV, SMV, Manual, IPPV,electronic assisted IPPV assisted IPPV

Tidal volume Yes Yes Yes YesRange, cc 0-1,500 0-1,500 50-1,500 5-160; 100-1,500

Minute volume No Yes No YesRange, L/min NA 3-30 NA 0.2-20

Frequency, bpm 10-80 6-60 0-99 5-99

Inspiratory flow,L/min Not specified 3-75 1-90 0.2-70

I:E ratio 1:1 to 1:3 1:4 to 2:1 1:4 to 4:1 1:4 to 4:1

Inspiratory pause Not specified No Yes Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 0-99 70 adjustable 0-100 0-80 adjustablePEEP, cm H2O 0-30 0-15 0-20 variable 0-20 optional,

variableOther controls Float-type flowmeter Float-type flowmeter Trigger, effort Trigger, effort,

and manometer electronic flowcontrol

System checks Tidal volume compli- Block N2O, audible No Pre-useance, pre-use check alarm, patient dis-for leaks connect, stenosis


Anesthesia Units





SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active or passive Optional, venturi, Active optional Optional activeO2 pump



MONITORSAirway pressure No Analogic Electronic Electronic

Where measured NA Not specified Y-piece Y-pieceHi-pressure alarm NA Yes 0-100 cm H2O 0-80 cm H2O

Subatmosphericpressure alarm NA No No No

Continuing pressalarm NA Yes No No

Low pressure/apnea NA Not specified Yes YesOther press alarms NA None specified No No

Expiratory vol/flow No Electronic Optional YesType of sensor NA Not specified Electronic ElectronicWhere measured NA Not specified Expiratory limb Expiratory limbRate alarm NA Yes No NoApnea alarm NA Optional Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm NA No No NoHigh/low min vol NA Not specified Yes YesHigh/low flow NA Not specified No NoOther expir alarms NA No No No

O2 concentration No Yes Yes YesType of sensor NA Not specified Galvanic cell Galvanic cell

Response time, sec NA Not specified Not specified Not specifiedCO2 concentration No Yes Optional Optional

Apnea alarm NA Optional Yes YesN2O No No Optional OptionalAgent monitors No Yes Optional Optional

Type of agents NA Halothane, ethrane, Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-forane ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso-

flurane, desflurane flurane, desfluraneAuto ID NA No Yes YesAgent conc alarm NA Not specified Yes Yes

ECG No No Yes YesHeart rate NA NA Yes YesST segment NA NA Yes Yes

Noninvasive BP No Oscillometric Yes YesInvasive BP No Yes Optional OptionalTemperature No Yes (probe YSI) Optional OptionalPulse oximeter No Not specified Yes YesOther monitors No None specified None specified None specified

Other features None None specified None specified None specified







DISPLAYS Yes Not specified Optional YesNumber 1 Not specified 1 1Type LED Not specified LCD LCDIntegrated Yes Not specified Yes YesInterface w/others No Not specified No No

DATA INPUT Knobs, keys Not specified Knobs, keyboard Knobs, keyboard

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Not specified Not specified No Yes

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) Not specified 53 x 53 x 170 63 x 153 x 69 140 x 65 x 65

(20.9 x 20.9 x 67) (24.8 x 60.2 x 27.2) (55.1 x 25.6 x 25.6)

Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 75-140 (165-309) 70 (154) 70 (154)

Shelves, cm Not specified 50 x 35 (3) 50 x 37 45 x 13 x 20 (3)

Drawers, cm Not specified 41 x 33 x 14.2 48 x 40 x 25 40 x 30 (2)

Writing shelf, cm Not specified Not specified No 42 x 25

Installation Mobile Mobile (on wheels) Mobile, pendant Mobile, pendant

POWER REQUIRED, VAC Not specified 110-220 110/220 110/220

Auxiliary outlets 4 Yes No No

BACKUP BATTERY Yes No Yes YesType Lead acid NA Lead acid Lead acidUse per charge, hr 1 NA 4 4

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified ~ITL 16,000,000 Not specified Not specified

(US$8,880)


Delivery time, ARO 30 days 30 days 20-30 days 20-30 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. Absorber; electrical Low-flow system. Electronic flowmeterfailure alarm; Meets box; designed forstructure entirely requirements of adults and infants;in stainless steel. IEC 601-1. 24 different alarms;Complies with IEC 2 microprocessors.601. Meets requirements

of IEC 601-1.


Anesthesia Units



MODEL SIARE SIEMENS SIEMENS SIEMENS

Ulisse 710 KION Servo AnesthesiaSystem 900 C/D

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Canada, Europe WorldwideUSA USA

FDA CLEARANCE Not specified No No Yes

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified Yes Yes Yes



GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, N2O) 4 (2 O2, N2O, air) 4 (2 O2, N2O, air) 4 (2 O2, N2O, air)


ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, ane, halothane,flurane, desflurane flurane, desflurane isoflurane isoflurane

Type Variable bypass Not specified Injection vaporizer Injection vaporizer

Number 1 2 3 4 *Interlock No Yes Yes NA


O2 FAIL-SAFE Audible Yes Audible and visual Yesalarm

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Audible and visual Yes Continuous monitor Yes

with audible alarm


Bellows Yes Yes Yes NoSize Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/ped/neonate NAType Horizontal Neutral Ascending, bag in NA


Ventilation modes Manual, IPPV, IMV, Manual, volume con- Manual, PRVC, volume Manual, SIMV, volumeSIMV, assisted IPPV trol, spontaneous & pressure control ** & pressure control

Tidal volume Yes No Yes Not specifiedRange, cc 50-1,500 NA 20-1,500 Not specified

Minute volume No Yes Yes YesRange, L/min NA 2,000-18,000 0.5-45 0.5-40

Frequency, bpm 5-99 6-60 6-99 5-120

Inspiratory flow,L/min 1-90 4-72 180 max 0.5-96

I:E ratio 1:4 to 4:1 1:3, 1:2, 1:1 1:3 to 4:1 4:1 to 1:4

Inspiratory pause Yes Yes Yes YesPressure-limit,

cm H2O 1-100 adjustable 0-100 adjustable 0-90 adjustable 20-120 adjustable ***PEEP, cm H2O 0-20 variable 2-20 adjustable 0-20 0-50 variable,

electronicOther controls Trigger, effort Float-type flowmeter Gas mixture and Expiratory pause,

total fresh gas flow pressure supportselectors, electr-onic flowmeters

System checks No None specified Leakage, circuit None specifiedcompliance, volumecompensation

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* 1 vaporizer connected to the ventilator and up to 3 in parking. three pages covering** Also volume and pressure support. the above model(s).*** The pressure-limit valve opens for exhalation when needed. These specifications







SCAVENGING SYSTEM Optional active Vacuum and/or Vacuum and/or Vacuum and/orexhaust exhaust exhaust

AUTO RECORD KEEPER No No Optional Optional

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT No No Yes Yes

MONITORSAirway pressure Electronic Yes Yes Yes

Where measured Y-piece Inspiratory limb Insp and exp limbs Insp and exp limbsHi-pressure alarm 0-100 cm H2O Yes Yes Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm No No No No

Continuing pressalarm No No Yes Yes

Low pressure/apnea Yes Yes Yes YesOther press alarms No None specified High/low gas None specified

cylinder pressuresExpiratory vol/flow Yes Yes Yes Yes

Type of sensor Electronic Electronic Electronic ElectronicWhere measured Expiratory limb Circuit Circuit & exp limb Expiratory limbRate alarm No No No NoApnea alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Reverse flow alarm No Yes No NoHigh/low min vol Yes Yes Yes YesHigh/low flow No Yes Yes YesOther expir alarms No None specified High/low O2 High/low O2

concentration concentrationO2 concentration Yes Yes Yes Yes

Type of sensor Galvanic cell Galvanic cell Paramagnetic Galvanic cell

Response time, sec Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specifiedCO2 concentration Optional See footnote * Yes See footnote *

Apnea alarm Yes Not specified Yes Not specifiedN2O Optional Not specified Yes Not specifiedAgent monitors Optional See footnote * Yes See footnote *

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur-ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, iso- ane, halothane, ane, halothane,flurane, desflurane flurane isoflurane isoflurane

Auto ID Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *Agent conc alarm Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *

ECG Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *Heart rate Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *ST segment Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *

Noninvasive BP Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *Invasive BP Optional See footnote * Yes See footnote *Temperature Optional See footnote * Yes See footnote *Pulse oximeter Yes Not specified Yes Not specifiedOther monitors None specified Cardiac output, resp Cardiac output, resp Cardiac output, resp

loops, tcO2, tcCO2 loops, tcO2, tcCO2 loops, tcO2, tcCO2

Other features None specified Stored trends, up to Stored trends, up to Stored trends, up to8 channels of hemo- 8 channels of hemo- 8 channels of hemo-dynamic monitoring dynamic monitoring dynamic monitoring

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the second of* SIRECUST SC9000/SC7000. three pages covering


Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Yes See footnote * Yes See footnote *Number 1 1 1; 2 optional 1Type LCD LCD, color, TFT TFT, color LCD, color, TFTIntegrated Yes Optional Yes OptionalInterface w/others No Yes Yes Yes

DATA INPUT Knobs, keyboard Turnknob Knobs Turnknob

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No Yes 3 (emergency, Yesserious, advisory)


(64.6 x 30.3 x 27.6) (70.9 x 27.6 x 25.6) (64.6 x 27.6 x 23.2) (70.9 x 27.6 x 25.6)or 170 x 55 x 50(66.9 x 21.6 x 19.7)

Weight, kg (lb) 150 (330) 100-160 180 (396) 100-155(220.5-352.8) (220.5-341.8)

Shelves, cm 51 x 31 (1) 49 x 45 (1-3); 60 x 48 (1); 63 x 45 (1-3)63 x 45 (1-3) 43 x 33 (1)

Drawers, cm 17 x 48 x 40 (2) 49 x 8 (1); 49 x 12 45 x 40 x 12 (1) 63 x 8; 63 x 12;(1); 49 x 20 (1) 63 x 25 (1-5)

Writing shelf, cm 51 x 31 (1) 49 x 45 (1); 70 x 59 (1) 63 x 49 (1)63 x 49 (1)

Installation Mobile, pendant Mobile Mobile Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 110/220 100/110, 220/240, 100-240, 50/60 Hz 100, 110, 220, 240,50/60 Hz 50/60 Hz

Auxiliary outlets No 4 optional 4 optional 4 optional

BACKUP BATTERY No Yes Yes YesType NA Lead acid Lead acid Lead acidUse per charge, hr NA 1 2 1



Delivery time, ARO 20-30 days Not specified Not specified Not specified

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Low-flow system. Close-attached Modular system; same Servo feedbackMeets requirements breathing system bellows used for control of volumeof IEC 601-1. with low compression adults and children. and pressure;

volume; optional pressure support andagent monitoring. control; assist

(900 C), volume, andmanual controlmodes; computerinterface (print,plot, and trend);optional lungmechanics calculator(compliance andresistance); agentmonitoring.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* SIRECUST SC9000/SC7000.




MODEL SIMS PNEUPAC SIMS PNEUPAC SIMS PNEUPAC SIMS PNEUPAC

110 330 : 550 770 880 MRI

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide, except Worldwide, exceptUSA USA USA USA


CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Yes


PIPELINE GAS INLETS 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air) 3 (O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES No 4 (O2, N2O) No 3 (O2, N2O, air)


flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane, flurane, isoflurane,enflurane enflurane enflurane enflurane


Number 1 max 1 max : 2 max 2 max 1 max w/opt parkingInterlock NA NA : Yes Yes NA


O2 FAIL-SAFE Audio and visual Audio and visual Audio and visual Audio and visual

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes Yes Yes Yes

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Optional Optional Optional Optional

Bellows Optional Optional Optional OptionalSize 350 or 1,500 mL 350 or 1,500 mL 350 or 1,500 mL 350 or 1,500 mLType Ascending, bag in Ascending bag in Ascending, bag in Ascending, bag in

bottle bottle bottle bottlePrimary controls

Ventilation modes CMV, manual CMV, manual CMV, manual CMV, manual

Tidal volume No No No NoRange, cc 5-2,000 5-2,000 5-2,000 5-2,000

Minute volume No No No NoRange, L/min NA NA NA NA

Frequency, bpm 5-50; 8-60 5-50; 8-60 5-50; 8-60 5-50; 8-60

Inspiratory flow,L/min 0-60 0-60 0-60 0-60

I:E ratio Infinitely Infinitely Infinitely Infinitelyadjustable adjustable adjustable adjustable

Inspiratory pause No No No NoPressure-limit,

cm H2O 60 60 60 60PEEP, cm H2O Optional Optional Optional Optional

Other controls None APL valve APL valve APL valve

System checks None specifed None specified None specifed None specified


Anesthesia Units




110 330 : 550 770 880 MRI

SCAVENGING SYSTEM No Optional Optional Optional



MONITORSAirway pressure With ventilator With ventilator With ventilator With ventilator

Where measured Ventilator output Ventilator output Ventilator output Ventilator outputHi-pressure alarm Yes Yes Yes Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm No No No No

Continuing pressalarm Optional Optional Optional Optional

Low pressure/apnea Optional Optional Optional OptionalOther press alarms No No None None

Expiratory vol/flow No No No NoType of sensor NA NA NA NAWhere measured NA NA NA NARate alarm NA NA NA NAApnea alarm NA NA NA NA

Reverse flow alarm NA NA NA NoHigh/low min vol NA NA NA NAHigh/low flow NA NA NA NAOther expir alarms No No No No

O2 concentration No No No NoType of sensor NA NA NA NA

Response time, sec NA NA NA NACO2 concentration No No No No

Apnea alarm NA NA NA NAN2O No No No NoAgent monitors No No No No




Noninvasive BP No No No NoInvasive BP No No No NoTemperature No No No NoPulse oximeter No No No NoOther monitors No No No No

Other features None None specified None None specified






110 330 : 550 770 880 MRI

DISPLAYS No No No NoNumber NA NA NA NAType NA NA NA NAIntegrated NA NA NA NAInterface w/others NA NA NA NA

DATA INPUT No No No No

PRIORITIZED ALARMS No No No No

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 50 x 40 x 26 140.5 x 52 x 44 50 x 60 x 26 150 x 56 x 53

(19.7 x 15.7 x 10.2) (55.3 x 2 x 17.3) : (19.7 x 23.6 x 10.2) (60 x 22 x 20.9)146 x 67 x 67(57.5 x 26.4 x 26.4)

Weight, kg (lb) 14 (30.9) 30 (66) : 75 (165) 16 (35.3) 60 (132)

Shelves, cm No 52 x 42 : 58 x 31 60 x 24 47 x 40

Drawers, cm No 42.5 x 130 x 300 : No No50 x 40 x 12.5

Writing shelf, cm 40 x 19 46 x 31 : 53 x 31 60 x 19 49 x 23

Installation Hand, portable Mobile : Transport- Wall-mounted unit MRI machinemachine able (both w/wheels)

POWER REQUIRED, VAC None None None None

Auxiliary outlets None Optional (4-110/220) None Optional (4-110/220)

BACKUP BATTERY Not required Not required Not required Not requiredType NA NA NA NAUse per charge, hr NA NA NA NA


Warranty 1 year Available 1 year 1 yearService contract Available Not specified Available Available

Delivery time, ARO 60 working days 60 working days 60 working days 60 working days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Portable unit Mobile, modular Wall-mounted unit; Designed for use inwith handles; unit; use in smaller for use in MRI suite; mobile.pipeline gauges. ORs, casualty anesthesia rooms, Meets requirementsMeets requirements departments, field casuality depart- of BS 4272 andof BS 4272 and hospitals, and ments, maternity ISO 5369.ISO 5369. anesthetic rooms : suites, and plaster

Modular, rooms. Meetstransportable unit requirements ofdesigned for appli- BS 4272 andcations within OR, ISO 5369.inductionrooms, and casualtydepartments.Both meet therequirements of BS4272 and ISO 5369.


Anesthesia Units



MODEL SPACELABS MEDICAL F STEPHAN K TAKAOKA K TAKAOKAFAILED TO RESPOND * FAILED TO RESPOND *

Ultraview 2001/2002 ARTEC : PORTEC FUJI : ORIGAMI PLUS NIKKEI-EVO 4

WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Asia, Europe Asia, Latin America Asia, Latin America

FDA CLEARANCE Yes Not specified Not specified Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Submitted Yes Not specified Not specified

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Yes Yes Not specified Not specified

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 4 (O2, N2O, air, 3 (O2, N2O, air) 2 (O2, N2O) 3 (O2, N2O, air)vacuum)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 2 (O2, air), 3 (O2, 2 optional (O2, N2O) None 1 (O2)N2O, air) optional : 2 (O2, N2O)

VAPORIZERSAgents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- Halothane, sevo- Halothane, sevo-

ane, halothane, iso- ane, isoflurane, ha- flurane, enflurane, flurane, enflurane,flurane, desflurane lothane, desflurane ** isoflurane isoflurane

Type Variable bypass, Variable bypass, Heated blender Heated blenderheated blender temperature compen-

satedNumber 2 2 : 1 1 1Interlock Yes Yes : Yes No No

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional Yes : Optional Yes Yes

O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic whistle Audible alarm Yes Audiblewith N2O cut-off

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Yes Ratio system, Yes Audible

minimum 25% O2


Bellows Yes Yes Yes YesSize Adult/pediatric Adult; opt pediatric Adult/pediatric Adult/pediatricType Bag in bottle Bag in bottle Ascending Ascending

Primary controlsVentilation modes CMV, manual/ CMV, SCMV, PVC, IMV, CMV, IMV CMV, SMV, PCV

spontaneous SPVC, IPPV, CPAPTidal volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, cc 100-1,500; 10-150 0-1,500; 0-400 ped 50-1,000 20-600Minute volume Yes Yes Yes Yes

Range, L/min 0-20 0.5-451 2-50 2-75

Frequency, bpm 6-36; 12-72 6-60 30 60

Inspiratory flow,L/min Not specified 4.0-1001 50 75

I:E ratio 4:1 to 1:4 1:4 to 2:1 1:1 to 1:5 2:1, 1:3

Inspiratory pause Adjust 10-100/0-90 No Yes Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 0-20 (user setting) 5-60 mbar adjustable 12-65 0-80PEEP, cm H2O Backlit float-type 0-12 mbar variable 0-15 0-15

flowmeter, O2 alarmOther controls Auto self-test Float-type flowmeter None specified None specified

: None

System checks Leaks, resistance, Electronic system None specified Complacency correct-compliance, check of ventilator ion, leak checkcompensation

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Specifications current as of January 1998. three pages covering** Desflurane is an optional agent for use with the PORTEC. the above model(s).

These specificationscontinue onto thenext two pages.






SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active Vacuum Exhaust, active Exhaust, active

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Yes No No Yes

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Yes No No Yes

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes Yes No Yes

Where measured Patient circuit Y-piece, gas inlet NA Not specifiedHi-pressure alarm 10-100 cm H2O Yes NA Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Measures real-time No NA Yes

Continuing pressalarm Measures Yes NA Yes

continuouslyLow pressure/apnea Yes Yes NA YesOther press alarms No No No None specified

Expiratory vol/flow Yes Yes No YesType of sensor Electronic Electronic NA FloatWhere measured Circuit Expiration NA CircuitRate alarm No Yes NA NoApnea alarm Yes Yes NA Yes

Reverse flow alarm Yes No NA YesHigh/low min vol Yes Yes NA YesHigh/low flow Yes Yes NA YesOther expir alarms None specified No NA No

O2 concentration Yes Yes No YesType of sensor Galvanic cell Micro fuel-cell NA Galvanic cell

Response time, sec <30 ~1 NA 13CO2 concentration Yes No No Yes

Apnea alarm Yes No NA YesN2O Yes No No YesAgent monitors Yes Yes No Yes

Type of agents Sevoflurane, enflur- Sevoflurane, enflur- NA Halothane, sevo-ane, halothane, iso- ane, isoflurane, flurane, enflurane,flurane, desflurane desflurane isoflurane

Auto ID Yes No NA OptionalAgent conc alarm Yes Yes NA Yes

ECG Yes No No YesHeart rate 3-, 5-, or 12-lead NA NA YesST segment Yes NA NA Yes

Noninvasive BP Yes No No YesInvasive BP 2 or 4 No No NoTemperature 2 No No 2Pulse oximeter Yes No No YesOther monitors BIS, EEG, CO, SvO2 None No None specified

Other features Stored trends, None None None specifiedhard-copy printouts



Anesthesia Units





DISPLAYS Yes Yes Yes YesNumber 2 3 Not specified Not specifiedType CRT, LCD LED LCD LCDIntegrated Yes Yes Yes YesInterface w/others Yes Optional : No With PC Yes

DATA INPUT Knobs, touchscreen, Knobs Knobs, keyboard Knobs, keyboardkeyboard, mouse

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes No Yes Yes

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 158 x 90 x 82 140 x 60 x 75 147.8 x 63 x 56.3 150 x 59 x 58

(62.2 x 35.4 x 32.3) (55.1 x 23.6 x 29.5) (58.2 x 24.8 x 22.2) (59.1 x 23.2 x 22.8): 121 x 50 x 55 : 143 x 62.5 x 58.5(47.6 x 19.7 x 21.6) (56.3 x 24.6 x 23)

Weight, kg (lb) 162 (357.2) without 85 (187) : Not 112 (246.4) : 140 (308)patient monitor specified 64 (140.8)

Shelves, cm Not specified 52 x 30 (1) : 37 x 54.6 (1) 59 x 39 (1)48 x 35 (1)

Drawers, cm 1 41 x 50 (3) : 35.4 x 33.2 x 10.5 Not specified41 x 40 (3) (3)

Writing shelf, cm 1 45 x 32 (1) : None No No

Installation Mobile (on wheels) Mobile, wall mounted Mobile Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 100-240 230 110/220 110/220

Auxiliary outlets 4 4 4 None

BACKUP BATTERY Optional Optional No YesType Ni-Cd Sealed lead-acid NA Lead acidUse per charge, hr 30 min 0.5 NA 2

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice Not specified See footnote ** $8,400 : $6,200 $38,000

Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearService contract Yes See footnote ** Yes Yes

Delivery time, ARO Not specified 30 days 45 days 45 days

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional integration ARTEC has optional None specified. None specified.to Spacelabs Medical integrated O2 andpatient monitoring compressed-airand clinical generator withinformation systems; internal suctionUSA release 4th system, scavengingquarter 1999. system, and auto-

matic change toreserve cylinders.Both haveGhostcertificates.

Colons separate data on similar models of a device.* Specifications current as of January 1998.** DM 18,000-36,000 (US$9,754-19,508) : DM 15,000-35,000 (US$8,129-18,967); service contract DM 262-831 (US$142-450) :

DM 262-569 (US$142-308).




MODEL ULCOFAILED TO RESPOND *Elite : Signet FG

WHERE MARKETED Asia, Australia,Europe

FDA CLEARANCE Not specified

CE MARK (MDD) Not specified

YEAR 2000 COMPLIANT Not specified

PIPELINE GAS INLETS 3 (O2, N2O, air)

GAS CYLINDER YOKES 1 (O2, N2O, or air)

VAPORIZERSAgents Halothane, ethrane,

isoflurane, sevo-flurane

Type Variable bypass

Number 1Interlock Yes

SUCTION SYSTEM Optional

O2 FAIL-SAFE Pneumatic withN2O cutoff

HYPOXIC MIXTUREFAIL-SAFE Ratio control,

25% O2

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Yes

Bellows YesSize Adult/infantType Ascending, bag in


Ventilation modes Manual, CMV, IMV,SIMV, PEEP, CPAP

Tidal volume YesRange, cc 50-1,300

Minute volume YesRange, L/min 2-32

Frequency, bpm 3-100

Inspiratory flow,L/min 2-100

I:E ratio 0.5:1, variable upto 1:4

Inspiratory pause Not specifiedPressure-limit,

cm H2O 2-80 adjustablePEEP, cm H2O 2-30

Other controls Flowmeter

System checks Leaks, compliance;FG compensates forcompliance

Colons separate data on similar models of a device. This is the first of* Specifications current as of January 1998. three pages covering


Anesthesia Units




SCAVENGING SYSTEM Active

AUTO RECORD KEEPER Optional

ANESTHESIA DATAMANAGEMENT Yes

MONITORSAirway pressure Yes

Where measured Not specifiedHi-pressure alarm Yes

Subatmosphericpressure alarm Below 6 cm H2O

or as selectedContinuing press

alarm Yes (noncycle)

Low pressure/apnea YesOther press alarms AC failure

Expiratory vol/flow YesType of sensor Not specifiedWhere measured CircuitRate alarm Not specifiedApnea alarm 6-60 adjustable

Reverse flow alarm NoHigh/low min vol YesHigh/low flow Not specifiedOther expir alarms No

O2 concentration NoType of sensor NA

Response time, sec NACO2 concentration No

Apnea alarm NAN2O NoAgent monitors No

Type of agents NA

Auto ID NAAgent conc alarm NA

ECG NoHeart rate NAST segment NA

Noninvasive BP NoInvasive BP NoTemperature NoPulse oximeter NoOther monitors No

Other features No







DISPLAYS YesNumber 1Type Color LCDIntegrated YesInterface w/others Yes

DATA INPUT Touchscreen,keyboard

PRIORITIZED ALARMS Yes

PHYSICAL FEATURESH x W x D, cm (in) 72 x 65 x 140

(28.3 x 25.6 x 55.1)

Weight, kg (lb) 120 (264)

Shelves, cm 56.2 x 40 (1)

Drawers, cm 56.5 x 42 x 15 (2)

Writing shelf, cm 56 x 32, workingtable (1)

Installation Mobile

POWER REQUIRED, VAC 110/240

Auxiliary outlets 4

BACKUP BATTERY YesType Not specifiedUse per charge, hr 1

PURCHASE INFORMATIONPrice AU$42,000-48,000

(US$27,325-31,223)

Warranty 1 yearService contract Not specified

Delivery time, ARO Not specified

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Modular unit;monitoring ofphysiologic param-eters dependent onmonitoring systemchosen by customer.Meets requirementsof IEC 601 and TGA.


Anesthesia Units


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