Anderson Engineering 8 Hr. Ref. September Block. Items to be covered this Block Heat and Cold Stress...

Anderson Engineering 8 Hr. Ref.

September Block

Items to be covered this Block

• Heat and Cold Stress 15 Min• Excavation and Ground Disturbance 10 Min• Hot Work 10 Min• Working at Heights 10 Min• Lifting 10 Min• Overhead Utilities 10 Min• Total time 1 Hour and 5 Minutes

Guidelines

• Due to a tight time table, please hold all questions until the end of the presentation.

• Take notes on any items that you may have questions or comments on.

• A test will be given at the end of the final block of training at the end of the year.

Heat Stress

What is Heat Stress

• A physiological condition induced when high temperatures and humidity compromise the body’s ability to cool itself, resulting in heat-related illness

• Heat Stress can affect anyone and everyone

Heat Disorders

• HEAT STROKE • HEAT EXHAUSTION• HEAT CRAMPS • HEAT COLLAPSE ("Fainting")• HEAT RASHES • HEAT FATIGUE• SUNBURN

Heat Disorders What are they?

• HEAT STROKE occurs when the body's system of temperature regulation fails and body temperature rises to critical levels. Heat stroke is a medical emergency.

• HEAT EXHAUSTION: The signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion are headache, nausea, vertigo, weakness, thirst, and giddiness. Fortunately, this condition responds readily to prompt treatment. Heat exhaustion should not be dismissed lightly


• HEAT CRAMPS are usually caused by performing hard physical labor in a hot environment. These cramps have been attributed to an electrolyte imbalance caused by sweating. It is important to understand that cramps can be caused by both too much and too little salt.


• HEAT COLLAPSE ("Fainting"). In heat collapse, the brain does not receive enough oxygen because blood pools in the extremities. As a result, the exposed individual may lose consciousness. This reaction is similar to that of heat exhaustion


• HEAT RASHES are the most common problem in hot work environments.

• HEAT FATIGUE. A factor that predisposes an individual to heat fatigue is lack of acclimatization.

• SUNBURN: When out in the sun, you are exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which can burn and damage the skin.

When feeling discomfort from heat

• Stop what you are doing and take a break• Find a cool area to rest• Drink plenty of water and ensure to intake a

beverage with electrolytes

Cold Stress

What is Cold Stress

• When the body is unable to warm itself, cold related stress may result. This may include tissue damage and possibly death.

• Four factors contribute to cold stress.• cold air temperatures, high velocity air

movement, dampness of the air, and contact with cold water or surfaces

COLD DISORDERS

• Chilblain• Trench Foot• Fingertip Fissures• Frostnip• Frostbite• Hypothermia

Cold Disorders what are they?

• Chilblain This is an inflammation of the hands and feet due to exposure to cold and moisture. The hands and feet start to swell, become painful and are the site of localized itching. The symptoms may develop some hours after exposure to cold has ceased and may persist for several days.

Cold Disorders what are they? Cont.

• Trench Foot This is caused by continuous exposure to the cold without freezing, combined with constant dampness or immersion in water. It is found most often when wet socks are worn for long periods of time.


• Fingertip Fissures Deep, intractable and very painful fissuring may occur on the fingertips when exposed to prolonged or repeated cold conditions. A combination of cold and drying of the skin may be responsible.

• Frostnip This is the freezing of the skin and superficial tissue. The skin turns white after exposure to cold wind. affects mostly the face, ears, nose, and cheeks and fingers.


• Frostbite This is the freezing of deeper, as well as superficial, tissues. It usually affects the fingers, toes, nose, cheeks and ears. It can provoke various levels of tissue damage all the way to tissue death requiring amputation.

• Frostbite may occur without hypothermia. • There are three degrees of frostbite:

Three degrees of frostbite:

• First degree: freezing without peeling and blistering of the skin.

• Second degree: freezing with blistering and peeling of the skin.

• Third degree: freezing with death of skin tissues and in some cases deeper tissues.

Lets focus on Hypothermia

• Hypothermia is defined as the chilling of the body’s core temperature below 35°C (95°F) as measured by a clinical low reading (e.g. rectal) thermometer. The body loses heat faster than it can produce it.

• The onset of hypothermia is preceded by fatigue and mental confusion.

Lets focus on Hypothermia Cont.

• The victim begins to have uncontrollable shivering, poor coordination and slurred speech.

• shows poor judgment.• As body temperature falls further, shivering

gradually disappears. The victim may become irrational.

• Severe exhaustion sets in which may lead to death.

Heat and Cold Stress

• Both Heat and cold extremes can be dangerous if not taken serious when discomfort sets in.

• Be proactive in your own monitoring of both heat and cold.

• Review the Anderson ADP for more information.

Excavation & Ground Disturbance

Excavation

• Excavation:• Any man-made cut,

cavity, trench or depression in the earth’s surface, formed or caused by earth removal

Ground Disturbance (GD) • Any indentation, interruption, intrusion, excavation,

construction or other activity in the earth’s surface as a result of work being carried out that results in the penetration of the ground

• For example: • Any mechanical excavation (e.g., back hoes, drilling augers,

probes) that results in penetration of the ground • Any manual ground penetration (e.g., digging with shovels,

hand augering, hammering of stakes) greater than 12” (30.48cm)

• Any mechanical scraping activity (e.g., road-grading, bulldozing) that results in penetration of the ground, including company-owned or maintained property, work sites and roads

DESCRIPTION AND REQUIREMENTS

• Each project shall comply with the minimum requirements in our ADP.

• A Contractor may develop specific local ADPs that always meet or exceed the requirements of this ADP.

• ADPs less stringent than the requirements shall be subject to a MoC process.

• The MoC shall be reviewed and approved by AM.

General Requirements for Permit Applicability

• A PE shall verify that the proposed dig or drill zones are adequately marked or staked prior to the locators site visit

• Organization/Contractor has been notified (a minimum of 72 business hours in advance)

• The PE shall affirm that responses have been received from all known underground facility (UGF) operators/owners.

Approvals and Agreements

The following requirements apply before work is to begin: • Approvals and agreements (as applicable) either

verbal or written have been obtained. • Notification to UGF operator/owner(s) that may not

be associated with any known public notification systems such as the One Call program in North America regarding intent to cause EGD within the search zone.

• UGF- Underground Facility

Approvals and Agreements

• Note: Some private utilities such as sewage and water may not be part of a notification system. It is expected that private locators will communicate the location of these types of UGF’s.

Facility Marking

• All known pipelines and utilities, as noted on the plot plan, pipeline map or drawing, that pass within the search zone of an UGF have been located, identified and marked to indicate location and alignment.

• Where available, a qualified and competent line finder (QLF) shall conduct line-locating practices utilizing available pipeline maps or plot plan.

The following color code, are to be used unless otherwise specified:

• Search zone perimeter – White

• Temporary Survey Markings – Pink

• Electrical – Red • Gas & Oil – Yellow

• Nonpotable Water – Purple

• Drainage/Sewers - Green

• Potable Water – Blue • Communication -

Orange

Verifying and Exposing Underground Facilities

• All underground facilities within the dig zone or a drill zone shall be hand exposed or vacuum excavated (non-destructive digging) to sufficiently verify location, line size, and alignment.

• Note: When digging in proximity to energized underground facilities, every effort shall be made to limit people in the immediate dig vicinity to spotter and operator only. This serves to minimize the number of people that could be in the line-of-fire, were an incident to occur.

Daily Inspections

• Daily inspections of excavations or trenches, adjacent areas and protective systems shall be made by the PE (as identified in the HASP and the EGD Permit) for evidence of a situation that may result in possible cave-ins or other hazardous conditions.

• Inspections shall be documented and be required when personnel are entering trenches.

Drilling and Boring Excavation and Ground Disturbance Activities

• All personnel involved in drilling shall also review and comply with the Drilling ADP in addition to the requirements found in this GD-ADP.

Unattended, Open Excavations

• Adequate physical barrier protection shall be provided at all excavations to protect workers, the public, livestock and wildlife.

• All wells, pits, shafts, etc., shall be barricaded or covered.

• Upon completion of exploration and similar operations, temporary wells, pits, shafts, etc., shall be backfilled.

Certifying Signatures

• The IA, PA, and/or PE shall confirm that the QEO, drillers and spotter involved with EGD have reviewed and signed the GD Permit.

• Additionally, all involved personnel on site should have openly participated in the development and or review of the TSEA.

• Signatures certifying that all of the permit requirements have been communicated and are understood by everyone involved in EGD activities, of any kind, shall accompany the EGD Permit.

Excavation & Ground Disturbance

• For further information on Excavation & Ground Disturbance please review the Anderson Defined Practice (ADP).

Hot work

Hot Work

• Any work that could produce a source of ignition or temperatures high enough to cause ignition of flammable gases and combustible materials

Things to Remember During Hot Work

• Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) The minimum concentration of flammable gas that will propagate a flame in the presence of an ignition source. The more explosive the gas, the lower the LEL. LEL is usually expressed as a percentage (from zero to 100 percent explosive) and is often used interchangeably with lower flammability limit (LFL)

Things to Remember During Hot Work

• Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) A term with the same definition as Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) and that is used interchangeably with LEL

• Primary Source Ignition (PSI) Class 1 Hot Work Primary Source Ignition (PSI) hot work that is performed either inside a Class 1 area or outside a Class 1 area that the hot work may affect Any work with equipment and tools that are likely to ignite a flammable or combustible atmosphere, solid materials and liquids when used in a normal manner.

Primary Source Ignition (PSI) Hot Work

• Primary Source Ignition (PSI) hot work is often referred to as “naked flame” hot work. High energy is present in the form of a flame, electric are or incandescent sparks

• Examples of PSI hot work include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Welding and burning • Grinding and cutting with discs • Torch cutting and soldering • Explosives • Surface temperatures greater than 390 deg F (200 deg C)

The Hot work Team

• AECI Workforce: AECI workforce includes all AECI representatives whether they are AECI employees, AECI Contractors, or AECI Subcontractors.

• Authorized Air Monitor: An individual responsible for operating air-monitoring equipment to monitor the presence of flammable gas in the area where hot work is planned.

The Hot work Team

• Fire Watch: The fire watch is responsible for monitoring hot work and the surrounding area for incipient fires and changing conditions. The fire watch may also be the authorized air monitor.

• The fire watch shall not be a hot work operator. If simultaneously performing the authorized air monitor role, the fire watch shall not have any additional roles

• The fire watch shall remain posted for 30 min after hot work is competed.

The Hot work Team

• Hot Work Operator: A hot work operator is defined as an individual who operates hot work equipment to perform hot work operations.

DESCRIPTION AND REQUIREMENTS

• Performing hot work in classified and nonclassified areas may be considered a hazardous activity, and a Permit to Work may be required.

• Guidelines for determining whether a Hot Work Permit is required are provided in Appendix A – Hot Work Permit Applicability.

The Hot Work Permit has five purposes:

• To serve as written permission to do the work. • To provide a safety checklist to address common

hazards. • To show the steps necessary for making the work site

safe for conducting hot work. • To alert operating personnel to the work in progress. • To provide a record of safety steps taken for contract

work.

General Requirements

Authorization • The PE shall authorize a Hot Work Permit before

any PSI hot work (other than in a designated area) or any Secondary Source Ignition (SSI) Class 1 hot work is performed.

Validity • A Hot Work Permit is valid for no more than one

work shift. If hot work is suspended during a shift, the permit shall be revalidated before further hot work can continue.

General Requirements

Posting • The Hot Work Permit shall be posted at the work

site until the hot work is completed or the permit expires.

Stop Work All personnel involved in a hot work operation have the authority and responsibility to stop any work that they consider to be unsafe, likely to cause loss of containment causing damage to the environment, or outside the scope of the hot work described on the Hot Work Permit.

HOT WORK PERMIT APPLICABILITY

Hot Work Permit Requirements

Situations Requiring a Fire Watch

Hot Work Air Monitoring

Hot Work

• For a full and comprehensive understanding of Hot Work, please review The Anderson Defined Practice (Hot Work ADP).

Working at Heights

Working at Heights Definition

• Work undertaken at 6’ (1.83m) or more above ground level where the lowest part of the body is above 6’ (1.83m) or within 6’ (1.83m) of an edge or where a fall of 6’ (1.83m) or more could occur near unprotected embankments, retaining walls and holes/excavations.

Fall Hazard

• A fall hazard is a circumstance that exposes a worker or other person while at work or in the vicinity of a workplace, to a risk of a fall that is reasonably likely to cause injury to the worker or other person. This includes circumstances in which the worker or other person is:

• In or on plant or a structure that is at an elevated level;

• In or on plant that is being used to gain access to an elevated level;

• In the vicinity of an opening through which a person could fall;

• In the vicinity of an edge over which a person could fall;

• On or in the vicinity of a surface through which a person could fall, or on or near the vicinity of a slippery, sloping or unstable surface.

AECI’s Safety Rules – Working at Heights

• The requirements are based on AECI’s Safety Rules – Working at Heights, which states that working at heights of 6 ft or higher above the ground shall not proceed unless:


• All personnel when working at heights has 100 percent tie-off.

• When working at heights, any member of the workforce shall be secured during all phases of working, traversing, or climbing. This requires the utilization of two lanyards and two snap hooks, and one shall be connected to an anchor connector at all times when climbing. On the initial climb, a self-retracting lifeline shall be installed, or a permanent lifeline shall be designed into the system.


• Person(s) are competent to perform the work.

A person who can demonstrate sufficient professional or technical training knowledge, actual experience and authority to: • Perform his or her assigned duties at the

level of responsibility allocated to him or her

• Understand any potential hazards related to the work or equipment

• Detect any technical defects or omissions in the work or equipment, recognize any implications for health and safety caused by those defects or omissions and specify a remediating action to mitigate those implications

A specific hazard identification and risk assessment of work has been completed, including the following:• All safety aspects have been addressed. • Appropriate procedures, including appropriate Scoping

Document procedures, have been followed. • Appropriate equipment has been confirmed available. • Rescue methods have been specified. • Proper permits have been obtained. • The following hierarchy of control has been followed: 1. Elimination. 2. Substitution. 3. Engineering controls. 4. Administrative controls. 5. Personal protective equipment. (Refer to the Personal

Protective Equipment ADP.)

Fall Prevention

• The members of the workforce shall achieve fall prevention by eliminating fall hazards, minimizing fall exposure and controlling falls by using the proper fall-arrest equipment.

Fall Prevention

• Eliminating fall hazards is the most desirable of these three. If fall hazards cannot be entirely eliminated, potential falls shall be controlled by using fall-arrest systems. To protect the workforce from falls, the three-step systematic approach that is explained in the following subsections shall be used.

• Eliminate Fall Hazards • Minimize Fall Exposure • Use Proper Fall-arrest

Equipment

Eliminate Fall Hazards

• To eliminate fall hazards, carefully assess the work place and the work itself in the earliest engineering and planning stages of the project.

• This assessment of the site and the work not only helps eliminate hazards, but also identifies alternative approaches to the work that can measurably enhance productivity.

Eliminate Fall Hazards

• Addressing fall protection in the early phases of a project means that safety can be designed into the work process, not added as an afterthought to an inherently unsafe work procedure.

• For example, the project can be designed so that the anchorages for securing fall-arrest systems can be provided at strategic locations throughout the plant, thus improving safety and lowering costs.

Minimize Fall Exposure

• The second step in continuous fall prevention also requires assessing the work place and work processes.

• If fall hazards cannot be completely eliminated during the first step, attempt to prevent falls by improving the work place.

• Avoid relying on a worker's behavior or fall-arresting equipment to prevent injuries.

Use Proper Fall-arrest Equipment

• The third step is to use fall-arrest equipment. • Fall-arrest equipment shall be utilized only

after determining that potential falls cannot be eliminated by changing work procedures or the work place.

• Equipment such as harnesses, lanyards, shock absorbers, fall arresters, lifelines and anchorages may reduce the risk of injury if a fall occurs.

Free-fall Limits

• A free fall shall never be greater than 6 ft. Wearing the correct equipment, including a full-body harness with an accompanying energy absorber, will prevent arresting forces from exceeding the rating required by local legislation.

• Wherever there is a likelihood of a free fall greater than 2 ft, a full-body harness and energy-absorbing lanyard shall be worn.

Free-fall Limits

Note: Hazard identification and risk assessments shall be performed when working at any height, as falls from heights lower than 6 ft can also cause serious injury.

Free-fall Limits

To prevent a free fall greater than 6 ft, the following systems shall be considered: • Working in Restraint - Working in restraint means

working in such a way that a free fall is not possible. It shall always be part of any system that uses fall protection equipment.

• Working in Fall Arrest - Working in fall arrest is dangerous because suspension trauma may result. Work in fall arrest shall only be performed in the absence of any other alternative by trained personnel.

Personal Fall-arrest Systems The following provisions apply to personal fall-arrest systems and their use: • A permanent fall-arrest system shall be installed where a work

activity or procedure is considered scheduled maintenance (e.g., a task that is repeated at regular intervals up to 12 months apart)

• Body belts are not acceptable as part of a personal fall-arrest system. However, the use of a body belt in a positioning device system is acceptable.

• The attachment point of the body harness shall be located in the center of the wearer's back near shoulder level or above the wearer's head.

Operation and Rescue

When stopping a fall, personal fall-arrest systems shall: • Limit the maximum arresting force on a person

to 900 lbs when used with a body belt.• Limit the maximum arresting force on a person

to 1,800 lbs when used with a body harness. • Be rigged such that a person can neither free

fall more than 6 ft nor contact any lower level.

Operation and Rescue

• Bring a person to a complete stop and limit maximum deceleration distance a person travels to 3.5 ft.

• Have sufficient strength to withstand twice the potential impact energy of a person free falling a distance of 6 ft or the free-fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less.

Inspection

• Personal fall-arrest systems and components subjected to impact loading shall be immediately removed from service and shall not be used again for personnel’s protection until inspected by a competent person and determined to be undamaged and suitable for reuse.

Inspection

• Personal fall-arrest systems shall be inspected prior to each use for wear, damage and other deterioration, and defective components shall be removed from service.

Emergency Response

• Appropriate emergency rescue procedures shall be in place for an emergency situation rescue of a person using a fall-arrest system, as follows:

Emergency Response

• Rescue within five minutes shall be confirmed. For most work, this shall necessitate a full-time safety watch.

• If a rescue cannot be performed within five minutes, the fall-arrest system shall have a device that automatically lowers the person to the ground safely.

• If compliance with the above cannot be achieved, a safe and alternative working procedure shall be used.

Emergency Response

Emergency rescue procedures shall take into account the need for:A plan and time frame to carry out the rescue. The immediate rescue of a person after an arrested fall without the need to rely on emergency services or appropriately trained and competent standby rescue teams as detailed in the Emergency Response ADP.

For more Information

• For more information on Working at Heights, please review the Anderson Defined Practice on Working at Heights.

Lifting Operations

Definition

Critical Lift • A lift in which the dropping, upset or

collision of parts, components or assemblies could present a significant risk of personal injury or property damage. A lift can also be designated as critical by the environmental business manager, Contractor or operating business unit because of special circumstances or hazards not mentioned or recognized in this practice

Definition

Incidental Lift

• The use of equipment such as backhoes, track hoes, front-end loaders, side loaders and similar earth-moving equipment for lifting according to its design

Responsibilities

Responsibilities

Lifting Authority (LA) • Is the single point of contact to be responsible

for consistency and uniformity in the application of lifting procedures throughout AECI.

• Is appointed by the AM.

Qualified Signal Person

• Complete training. • Be responsible for observing the load and lift. • Provide direct instructions to the crane/hoist

operator. • Have sufficient knowledge and experience to

confirm that the lift is not maneuvered in a hazardous manner.

Regional Lifting Champion

• Act as the designated lifting subject matter resource within the region, which coordinates the implementation of the various aspects of this ADP.

• Be accountable overall to the AM and the LA for confirming that work activities are conducted with associated ADPs and permit requirements.

• Act as a liaison with the LA.

General Lifting Requirements


When using any type of lifting equipment, it is necessary to follow requirements for a successful lift.

• Only competent operators, PEs and riggers shall perform lifting operations.

• All personnel who are not involved with the lift shall be kept at a distance of no less than three times the length of the boom.

• Employees shall not work or walk under a suspended load.


• The PE shall consider the stability of the ground prior to each lift.

• Suspended loads shall be attended unless they are physically secured to prevent unintended movement.

Lifting shall not commence

• If the load exceeds the dynamic or static capacities of the lifting equipment.

• Unless all safety devices installed on the lifting equipment are operational.

• Unless a competent person has visually examined all lifting devices and equipment prior to use.

Lifting shall not commence

• Unless a visual assessment of the lift has been completed, and a competent person has determined the lift method and equipment are safe and ready for use.

Appropriate Lifting Equipment


• Cranes, chain hoists and lifting equipment shall be tested, inspected and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

• A crane capacity evaluation shall be completed before a lift is attempted.

• Use backhoes, track hoes, front-end loaders, side loaders and similar earth-moving equipment only for incidental lifting as they are designed.


• An anti-two block device shall be installed on all cranes and maintained in operational condition. It is prohibited to bypass this device. Gin pole trucks are not required to have this device.

• Any time that a crane or lifting device is shock loaded, it shall be red-tagged and removed from service pending an inspection and re-certification by a qualified agency.

Critical Lift

• No lift is allowed if it exceeds 90 percent of the chart for any given configuration of the crane. Approval is required if the load exceeds 80 percent and is a critical lift.

Critical Lift Conditions• A lift is critical if it has one or more of the

following conditions present:

Critical Lift Conditions

• The lift is on site and the weight of the item to be lifted exceeds 20,000 lbs.

• The total load to be lifted exceeds 75 percent of the chart for the lift configuration of the crane.

• Lifts where the load cannot be reasonably estimated and this should definitely trigger the critical lift procedure.


• Lifts that require multiple cranes for the lift, or the use of two or more cranes or lifting devices to lift one load simultaneously. For example, the simultaneous use of any combination of hoist devices, including forklifts or gin pole trucks, to lift an object (except for multiple lifting devices for pipeline/flowline installation or removal operations). Multiple crane lifts are required engineered lifts.


• Lifting where energized electric power lines (220kV or above) are within twice the maximum swing radius (360°) of the crane.

• Lifting where the operator of the lifting equipment cannot see the load.

• Lifting over or potentially reaching energized or pressurized equipment.

• Lifting over a building capable of occupancy, such as an office, home or retail store. Evacuate all occupants prior to any such lift.

• Lifting of personnel.

Critical Lift Plan Components

The Critical Lift Plan shall include, as a minimum, the following: A completed Lifting Operations Permit associated with the Critical Lift Plan. Refer to the Lifting Operations Permit.

• An elevation view that shows: • The make and model of the crane with boom, boom length,

radius and crane capacity for the configuration used. • Rigging accessory information to identify and show capacity

of sling, shackles, spreader beams, blocks and other equipment.


• Tabulation of weights of all items that constitute the load on the crane boom (e.g., lifted load, load lines, load blocks, spreaders, slings, shackles, jib, and headache ball).

• Lifted equipment information to include weight, height, and diameter, point of support, center of gravity and degree of dress-out.


• Calculation of tailing load. • A horizontal loading diagram showing the initial tailing

crane load on the elevation view. • The equipment’s center of gravity (to be obtained from

the vendor). • Any obstructions or interferences to the lift from

existing equipment or structures. • Details of the supporting mats under the lifting crane

and tailing crane with notations to indicate the bearing capacity of the subsoil and the calculated applied load.


• Ratio of the lifted load of each crane’s load chart capacity as configured.

• Crane-boom-to-load clearances. • The following clearance requirements shall also be

met: • Lines 50kV or below: minimum clearance between the

line and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 ft. • Lines 50kV and above: minimum clearance shall be 10

ft plus 0.4 in. for each 1kV over 50kV or twice the length of the line insulator but never less than 10 ft.


• In transit with no load and boom lowered, the equipment clearance shall be a minimum of 4 ft for voltages less than 50kV up to and including 345kV and 16 ft for voltages up to and including 750kV.

• A plan view that shows the following on an overlay of the area plot plan:

• The lift and tailing crane location at the beginning of the lift, any travel and the final location.

• Initial horizontal position of equipment to be lifted. • Outrigger or crawler track soil-bearing pressure chart or

calculations. • Layout and specifics for all required matting.


• Lifting Operations are very complex. In this section we reviewed only a few areas of Lifting operations.

• For an in-depth review please read the Anderson Defined Practice for Lifting Operations.

Overhead Utilities

Types of Overhead Hazards • All overhead hazards

shall be identified by type. When working under or near utility lines, distances from those lines shall be taken into consideration. These distances shall be documented in the Overhead Utilities section of the Scoping Document Permit Forms.

Electrical Hazards

There are four types of hazards associated with work on or near energized electrical equipment: • Upset or shutdown of an operating area. • Shock and burn due to contact or flashover. • Electrical flash burn from electrical arcs. • Blast injuries from electrical arcs.

Electrical Hazards

Electrical Hazards

• An electrically hazardous task shall be analyzed by considering two primary hazards: flash and shock. These hazards are identified by using boundaries based on energy levels (i.e., the amount of energy carried by the electrical lines).

Minimum Radial Clearance Distances

When work is undertaken near electrical lines, the distance maintained from those lines shall also meet the minimum distances for electrical hazards as defined in Table 1: Minimum Radial Clearance Distances

Normal System Voltage /Required Minimum Radial Clearance Distances 0-50 kV 10 ft 51-100 kV 12 ft 101-200 kV 15 ft 201-300 kV 20 ft 301-500 kV 25 ft 501-750 kV 35 ft 751-1000 kV 45 ft

Safe Work Conditions When working around overhead utilities and guy wires, one or more of the following four conditions shall be met: • The utility company shall confirm, preferably in

writing, that power is de-energized.

• Minimum radial clearance distances shall be established and maintained according to Table 1 unless a MoC is authorized through the exceptions process. Refer to Section 4.5 Exceptions Process and the Management of Change ADP.

Safe Work Conditions

• Where utilities voltages cannot be verified, use Figure 1: Example Voltages of this section as guidance. However, voltages can be higher than those depicted in Figure 1.

• If insulating blankets are used to isolate a power line, they shall be placed by a utility company. The utility company shall also determine the minimum safe operating distance and provide the information in writing.

Safe Work Conditions

Figure 1: Example Voltages

Pre-Job Planning

Risk Assessment • Before starting work around overhead utilities,

an RA that identifies hazards and provides mitigations shall be performed. Refer to the Work Risk Assessment ADP. The hazards and mitigations shall be documented on the RA Form.

Overhead Utilities Permit

• A permit shall be required if the RA conducted classifies the residual risk as “substantial” risk level or higher. Refer to the Work Risk Assessment ADP.

• If a permit is required, the Overhead Utilities Permit section of the Scoping Document Permit Forms shall be completed according to the requirements of the Scoping Document Permit ADP.

At a minimum, the Overhead Utilities Permit section shall:

• Indicate preliminary planning work has been completed that describes, in part, all overhead utility hazards and guy wires.

• Link the work to other permits, appropriate activities and SIMOPS. Refer to the Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) ADP.

• Address every hazard identified in the RA.

At a minimum, the Overhead Utilities Permit section shall:

• Be developed and communicated at the location of the work to all potentially affected workforce immediately prior to implementing the work.

• Contain the proper signatures and signoffs. Refer to the Scoping Document Permit ADP.

• Note: Separate permits are required if work is performed within the immediate area outside the minimum radial clearance distance.

Utility Company Notification

• A designated individual shall verify that the appropriate utility companies have been notified of all planned work activities around overhead utilities, hazards and guy wires.

Exceptions Process

• A MoC, including an RA and an action plan, is necessary to vary from any requirement contained in this ADP or listed on the Overhead Utilities Permit section of the Scoping Document Permit Forms.

Exceptions Process

The following items, at a minimum, shall be considered as part of the MoC RA: • Regulatory or legal requirements. • Voltages. • Proximity and impact to personnel, public dwellings

and other developed areas such as buildings, roadways or parks.

• Unless explicitly addressed in the MoC, all other provisions and requirements in this ADP shall apply.


• Working near Overhead Utilities can be very dangerous. In this section we reviewed only a few areas of Overhead Utilities.

• For an in-depth review please read the Anderson Defined Practice for Overhead Utilities.

• Consult with the Anderson Safety Team should you have any questions.

ANY QUESTIONS?

Anderson Engineering 8 Hr. Ref. September Block. Items to be covered this Block Heat and Cold Stress...

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