and microseismic fracture monitoring
Transcript of and microseismic fracture monitoring
Hydraulic stimulation and
microseismic fracture monitoringwithin
the deep granite holesat the
Soultz-sous-forêts geothermal site
Tischner, T., Schindler, M., Jung, R.
• Introduction
• Hydraulic Stimulation and Productivity Enhancement
• Microseismic Monitoring
• Acidification
• Conclusions
The HDR base moduleHDR/EGS Pilot plantin Soultz
Crystalline rocks at1400 m
1.5 + 4.5 MWe
Geophon Geophon
Production50 kg/s
Production50 kg/s
100 kg/s
600 m 200oC5000mDepth
600 m
1999 : GPK2
GPK2
2000 : Stimulation-GPK2
2003 : Stimulation-GPK3
2004/05: Stimulation-GPK4
Development of the deep reservoir at 5000 m
2002 : GPK3GPK3
2003/04: GPK4
GPK4
2003-2006: Chemical Treatments
0 48 96 144 192 240 288Time (h)
0
50
100
Rat
e l/s
0
50
100
150
200
Diff
eren
tial p
ress
ure
(bar
) at
470
0m (T
VD
)
GPK2; 2000GPK3; 2003GPK4; 2004
Injection volume:GPK2: 23400 m3
GPK3: 34000 m3
GPK4: 9300 m3
0.180.32
0.37
(Productivity in l/s/bar)
Pressure and productivity during stimulation
17-Aug 21-Aug 25-Aug 29-Aug360
380
400
420
440
460
Pre
ssur
e 40
00m
(bar
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inje
ctio
n ra
te (l
/s)
PressureData
Rate
Fit
GPK3Aug. 04
Injection tests after stimulation
20-Jan 25-Jan 30-Jan 4-Feb 9-Feb 14-Feb440
460
480
500
520
540P
ress
ure,
470
0m (b
ar)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Rat
e (l/
s)
Rate
Pressure
42 bar
GPK2Jan. 03
Productivity:
GPK2 (4 d): 0.36 l/s/bar
GPK3 (4 d): 0.28 l/s/bar
Productivity (l/s/bar): GPK2 GPK3 GPK4
During Stimulation 0.35(4 d)
0.30(4 d)
0.20(3 d)
After Stimulation 0.35(4 d)
0.30(4 d)
0.20(3 d)
Before Stimulation ≈ 0.02 ≈ 0.2 ≈ 0.01
Comparison of productivities
Productivity during stimulation has been retained after stimulation !
Productivity enhancement can be predicted !
0 1 2 3 4 5Time (d)
0
100
200
Rat
e l/s
0
50
100
150
200
250
Diff
eren
tial p
ress
ure
(bar
)Prediction of productivity enhancement
pressure controlled by rock stress !
Productivity:1. ≈ 0.3 l/s/bar2. ≈ 0.9 l/s/bar
Productivity und hydraulic communication
• Productivity only characterises single wells • Hydraulic communication between the wells is necessary
Microseismic monitoring !
GPK2GPK2+3
Seismic events (4900-5000m)
GPK2+3+4N
orth
(m)
East (m)
N
SH = 170°; (Röckel, Evans, 2006)
events per 50x50x100m
GPK 4GPK 225° 25°
Microseismic monitoring
Inside into the reservoir development:
• stimulation of planar structures • good hydraulic connection between GPK2 and GPK3• poor connection between GPK3 and GPK4 (boundary ?) • orientation of seismic events along prefered shear directions (N15°E, N145°E)
• control of seismic risk (magnitudes up to 2.9)
Means to reduce seismic risk
• Reservoir development at shallower depth (<= 4000m - Upper Rhine Graben)
• Application of multifracs (lower injection volume - less seismicicty, volumetric stimulation)
22 25 28 03 06 09 12 15 18 21 24 27day in February - March 2005
0
40
80
120
160
wel
l hea
d pr
essu
re (b
ar)
0
20
40
60
80
Inje
ctio
n ra
te (l
/s)
Step rate injection
Step rate injection
Acidizing(0,2 % HCl)
Acidification
GPK4 (2005)
Summary
• Productivity during stimulation = Productivity after stimulation !Productivity enhancement can easily be predicted
• Development of EGS projects under similar conditions as in Soultz (granite..., high shear stress..)
• Multifrac concept/development of shallower reservoir(<4000m)to minimize seismic risk
Outlook Soultz
• Power plant ordered: 1,5 MWel (30 l/s bei 180°C) - Delivery end of 2007
• Additional (hydraulic) stimulation of GPK4 and/or GPK3