and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child...

13
Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a populationbased cohort study Hei Wan (Karen) Mak & Daisy Fancourt Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London 10 th July, 2019

Transcript of and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child...

Page 1: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinalpropensity score matching analysis of a population‐based 

cohort study

Hei Wan (Karen) Mak & Daisy Fancourt Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London

10th July, 2019

Page 2: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

What we know so far?•Adjustment problems in childhood tend to persist into adulthood (e.g. youth unemployment, crime and mental health

•Benefits of reading for prosocial behaviour e.g. empathy and helping behaviours

Page 3: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Underlying mechanisms

• Theory of mind‐ Understands the emotions of others better 

• Stimulates emotional states & the part of the mind that plans actions to achieve goals, supporting behaviour change

•Helps establish identity

Page 4: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

What we don’t know • Reading for pleasure and other aspects of psychological and behavioural adjustment.

• The confounding bias? Reading for pleasure is socially patterned.

Reading for pleasure

Confounders

Psychological & behavioural adjustment 

Page 5: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Contribution of the study

• First study to explore the longitudinal relationship between reading and children’s adjustment.

• The first study using propensity score matching to explore the relationship.

Page 6: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Data

•Millennium Cohort Study• Follows around 19,000 young people who were aged 9 months in 2000/1 with follow‐up every few years

• Sweeps 4 (2008, aged 7) & 5 (2011, aged11)•N=8,936 children 

Page 7: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Measures• Outcome variables measured at S5: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (standardised), which contains 

oprosocial behaviouroemotional symptomsopeer relationship problemsoconduct problemsohyperactivity/inattention

• Reading for pleasure measured at S4: How often children read for enjoyment, not for school (binary).

Page 8: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Analysis •PSM‐ Kernel matching algorithm• Large set of socio‐demographic controls, including:

oDemographic backgroundsoRelationships with parentsoParental psychological conditionoChildren’s previous freq. of reading with parentsoChildren’s previous adjustment 

Page 9: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Most days Any other freq. 

Treatment Group Control Group

Identical background after matching

Propensity score matching

OR never/less often than once a year

Page 10: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Standardised % bias before/after matching

Page 11: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Reading for pleasure & children’s maladjustment

SDQ Most days vs any other freq.

Most days vs never/less often than once a year

Prosocial behaviour  0.04 (0.01, 0.08)* 0.09 (0.00, 0.17)*Emotional problems   0.01 (‐0.03, 0.05) ‐0.12 (‐0.22, ‐0.02)*Peer problems  0.05 (0.01, 0.08)* ‐0.03 (‐0.14, 0.08)Conduct problems 0.04 (‐0.03, 0.04) ‐0.03 (‐0.12, 0.06)Hyperactivity/ Inattention 

‐0.06 (‐0.09, ‐0.02)*** ‐0.22 (‐0.31, ‐0.14)***

N 8,936 4,479

Page 12: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Children with previous problems (top 40% issues)

SDQ Most days vs any other freq.

Most days vs never/less often than once a year

Prosocial behaviour   0.07 (‐0.02, 0.16) 0.11 (‐0.02, 0.24)Emotional problems  0.01 (‐0.07, 0.09) ‐0.14 (‐0.32, 0.04)Peer problems  0.13 (0.04, 0.22)** 0.13 (‐0.07, 0.33)Conduct problems  0.01 (‐0.07, 0.08) ‐0.01 (‐0.17, 0.15)Hyperactivity/ Inattention 

‐0.10 (‐0.16, ‐0.03)** ‐0.34 (‐0.46, ‐0.21)***

N varies

Page 13: and child maladjustment: A longitudinal - UK Data Service · Reading for pleasure and child maladjustment: A longitudinal propensity score matching analysis of a population‐based

Conclusions 

•Daily reading for pleasure could help protect against the development of hyperactivity/inattention and support those with the problems in the management of their behaviours.

• Support prosocial behaviours, better emotional health, but also greater peer problems.