PYTHAGORAS (ΠΥΘΑΓΌΡΑΣ) THE ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHERS By Rebecca Schlafke.
Ancient Greek Philosophers
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Transcript of Ancient Greek Philosophers
Ancient Greek Philosophers
Wednesday April 2nd andThursday April 3rd
Philosophy• Philosophers are people who
believe that their knowledge and wisdom could be used to understand the world around them
• Did not believe the gods and goddesses were the causes of natural events
• There were many Ancient Greek philosophers who focused on studying:o Natureo Mathematicso Astronomyo Understanding the meaning
of Justice and Courageo Understanding the way
people think
Philosopher #1: Thales
• Known for his work in astronomy, geometry and his study in nature
• Accurately predicted a solar eclipse
• Believed that water was the basic material of the worldo All things are made
from water
Philosopher #2: Democritus
• Known as the ‘laughing philosopher’ due to the importance that he put on cheerfulness
• First to look at the stars and believe that there may be more universes and more worlds that sustain life
• Mostly famous for his work in science
Philosopher #2: Democritus
• Suggested that all things in the world, living beings included, were made from very small particles
• He called these small particles ‘atoms’o Uncut able o Indestructible
Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Known as the father of modern Philosophy
• Socrates focused on intellectual philosophy rather than physical philosophy (past philosophers)o What is true wisdomo Who is truly wise
• Was followed by Athens's youtho Convinced many to put
aside their aspirations for jobs and instead focus on increasing their wisdom
Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Socrates taught his students to think for themselveso No longer blindly believing elders and societyo No longer believing in superstition and gods
• Did not believe in social classeso Talked openly and equally to citizens, women and slaves
Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Angered Athens’ eliteo Not respecting their
higher statuso Not obeying social ruleso ‘corrupting’ the minds
of the youtho Dishonoring the gods
• Socrates was put on trial o Found guilty o Given the death penalty
• Socrates forced to drink Hemlock - poison
Philosopher #4: Plato• Born into the elite class
o Expect to pursue a political career
• Was a follower and student of Socrates
• After Socrates death, put together an accurate history of Socrates and his lessons
• wrote plays about:o Socrates life, trial and deatho Socrates’ teachings on law
and how citizens should obey the law even if they disagree with it
• Started an Academy in Athens
Philosopher #4: Plato• Wrote a book called
The Republico Plato considering what
the world would look like if it was ruled by philosophers
o Philosophers always striving for knowledge and looking inwards at who they are and what they believe (live rightly)
Philosopher #5: Aristotle
• Known for his scientific examination of human knowledge
• Also considered a master in biology, politics, metaphysics, agriculture, literature, botany, medicine, mathematics, physics, ethics, logic and theater
Philosopher #5: Aristotle
• Famous for being Alexander the Great’s tutoro Became close friendso Aided Alexander in
political decisionso Seen to have a huge
influence on Alexander’s rule
• Afterwards started his own school in Athens called The Lyceum