Ancient Greek Drama

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Ancient Greek Drama

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Ancient Greek Drama . Development of Greek Drama . Began twenty-five hundred years ago Originated in Athens Part of the four religious festivals associated with the annual grape harvest held between December and March - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Ancient Greek Drama

Ancient Greek Drama

Page 2: Ancient Greek Drama

Development of Greek Drama Began twenty-five hundred years ago

Originated in Athens

Part of the four religious festivals associated with the annual grape harvest held between December and March

Greek dramatic displays originated with festivals honoring Dionysis, the god of wine and revelry

Festivals consisted of animal sacrifices, parades and dramatic contests

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Social customs of Athenian society

Only men had full citizenship Slaves had no rights Women had only certain privileges

defined by marriage

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Performances 3 daily performances Entire population invited; free

admission Daytime performances Annual drama competitions in

Athens were spread over several, entire days

Actors probably wore little or no makeup. Instead, they carried masks with exaggerated facial expressions.

They also wore cothornos, which were leather boots laced up to the knees.

Little or no scenery.

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Amphitheaters During this time, major

theatres were constructed, notably the theatre at Delphi, the Attic Theatre and the Theatre of Dionysus in Athens.

At the heart of the semicircular amphitheater, and at its lowest level, stood the orchestra, where the chorus performed; the altar of Dionysis stood here.

Orchestra was ringed on three sides by raked seats

• Immense scale – Theater of Dionysis in Athens measures 150 feet across (size of a football field) and seats 15-17 thousand spectators

• Skene- rectangular building behind the orchestra, decorated with backdrops of painted scenery or props

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Amphitheaters

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Amphitheaters Layout

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Classical Tragedy Tragedy, derived from the Greek words

tragos (goat) and ode (song), told a story that was intended to teach religious lessons.

Much like Biblical parables, tragedies were designed to show the right and wrong paths in life.

Tragedies were not simply plays with bad endings, nor were they simply spectacles devised to make the audience laugh and cry.

Whatever the root cause, the protagonist's ultimate collision with fate, reality, or society is inevitable and irrevocable.

Classical tragedy – definite written structure; no intermission

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Sophocles & Theme of Prophecy

In 468 BC, Aeschylus was defeated in the tragedy competition by Sophocles. Sophocles' contribution to drama was the addition of a third actor and an emphasis on drama between humans rather than between humans and gods. Sophocles questioned the Greek beliefs in the Gods Apollo “The Sun God,” also closely associated with

Delphi, was believed to give the gift of prophecy to some mortals.

Theme of Prophesy – gods allow events to take place; already devised plan for mankind

Sophocles' plays are suffused with irony. Irony: an outcome of events contrary to what was, or

might have been, expected. Dramatic Irony: irony that is inherent in speeches or a

situation of a drama and is understood by the audience but not grasped by the characters in the play.

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Basic Structure of Greek Tragedy

• Opening scene; story establishedPrologue• Chorus enters; chants lyrics of play’s

main ideasParados• Act or scene; plot is developed

through action and dialogueEpisode • Choral Ode; summary or commentary

about action in an episodeStatismo

n• Final action; ceremonial exit of all

players Exodus

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Oedipus the KingMAIN CHARACTERS Oedipus – King of

Thebes Jocasta – Queen, Wife

of Oedipus Creon – Jocasta’s

brother Tiresias – The blind

prophet

MINOR CHARACTERS

A priest of Zeus Messenger from

Corinth Palace messenger A shepard Oedipus’s daughters Antigone Ismene Chorus: citizens,

commentary, change of time/place; they are spectators

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Oedipus the KingPLACES TO KNOW:

Thebes: main action, city with plague

▪ Lauis’ death at the three crossroads

▪ A strange plague▪ A kingdom without a

king▪ The terror of the Sphinx

(part lion, part bird, part woman)

▪ What walks on four legs, then two legs, then three legs?

Corinth: nearby city, ruled by King Polybus and Queen Merope

▪ Oedipus’ parents, Polybus and Merobe

Delphi: City of the oracle

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNAM3PzGcow

BBC Greatest Show on Earth:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xf9cDKqwhQw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNAM3PzGcow
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNAM3PzGcow
Page 14: Ancient Greek Drama

Map of Greece/Places of Interest

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c1/362_thebes.PNG

Introduction to Greek Drama. Origin of Drama Drama was developed by the ancient Greeks during celebrations honoring Dionysus. Drama was developed by the.

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