Ancient Egypt and Kush

Ancient Egypt and Kush

Ancient Egypt and KushChapter 4The NileThis river has been the 1)lifeline of civilization in Egypt since the 2)Stone Age.3)Climate change at the end of the most recent 4)ice age led to the formation of the 5)Sahara desert

The NileThe Ancient 6)Egyptians cultivated and traded:7) Wheat8) Flax Wheat was a crucial crop in the 9)Middle East. Their 10)trading system secured Egypt's 11)diplomatic relationships with other countries.It helped to create economic 12)stability.

The NileThe 13)Greek historian Herodotus wrote that "Egypt was the 14)gift of the Nile". It provided a 15)crucial role in the development of Egyptian 16)civilization.

The NileThe Nile was an important part of ancient Egyptian 17)spiritual life.

The Nile was considered to be a 18)passageway from life to death and the 19)afterlife.

The 20)east was thought of as a place of 21)birth and growth.

The 22)west was considered the place of 23)death.

Mind MapYour Topic is The Nile

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Make sure to use 4 or less words or picturesBrainPop-Pharaohs

Kings Unify Egypt24)Upper and 25)Lower Egypt were ruled by different kings from its birth to around 26)3100 B.C..In this year 27)Menes came to power in Upper 28)Egypt.He was able to 29)combine both upper and lower Egypt into one 30)nation by using his 31) army to complete unification.

Kings Unify EgyptHe then took a 32)princess from lower Egypt as his wife.During his rule he wore both the 33)white crown (upper) and 34)red crown (lower).This later was combined into a 35)double crown.

The Dynasty of Pharaoh MenesMenes became the First 36)Pharaoh of Egypt The word Pharaoh means 37)Great HouseThe Menes 38)family would rule after his death creating the first 39)dynasty of Egypt.

The Dynasty of Pharaoh MenesMenes Created his 40)capital city at Memphis on the southern tip of the 41)Nile Delta.This 42)first Dynasty lasted for about 43)200 years.

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Make sure to use 4 or less words or picturesKing Menes

The Old KingdomThis time included the 44)3rd through 45)6th dynasties. (2700 BC-2200BC)46)Pharaohs duties grew during this period.He hired 47)people to help him complete his 48)duties. Most of these people came from his 49)family.

The Old Kingdom50)Khufu was the most famous of the 51)Pharaohs from the Old Kingdom. He 52)reigned from 2589 to 2566 BC.He was the 53)second pharaoh of the 54)Fourth Dynasty.He is generally accepted as being the builder of the 55)Great Pyramid of Giza.

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Great Pyramid of GizaThe Great Pyramid of 56)Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza 57)Necropolis It is the oldest of the 58)Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.59)Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb for Egyptian Pharaoh 60)Khufu.

Great Pyramid of GizaIt was the 61)tallest man-made structure in the world for over 62)3,800 years, It 63)believed that the pyramid was built by moving huge 64)stones from a quarry and dragging and 65)lifting them into place.

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Make sure to use 4 or less words or picturesBrainPop-Seven Wonders

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeEgyptians practiced 66)Polytheism (many gods)They built 67)temples to the Gods all over Egypt.There were over 68)2,000 names of gods in Ancient Egypt.

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeSome 69)images of gods and goddesses show them with a 70)human body and the head of a 71)bird or an animal.72)Animals were chosen to represent the 73)powers of the god.

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeTheir 74)religion is focused on the 75)afterlife.Considered to be a 76)happy place.This focused on the 77)Ka or life force.Upon death the Ka left the 78)body.

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeThis 79)spirit however could not leave the 80)burial site.The Ka has the same 81)needs as the person did in 82)life.

Egyptian Religion and Afterlife83)Tombs were filled with what they considered 84)necessary for the Ka to live its 85)afterlife.Some of the objects included:86)Furniture87)Clothing88)Tools89)Jewelry90)Weapons

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeThe 91)family of the dead were expected to bring 92)food and 93)drink to the tomb so the Ka would not be 94)hungry or 95)thirsty.

Egyptian Religion and AfterlifeThe 96)journey to the afterlife was thought to be 97)difficult trip.Families would bury 98)maps and other things necessary to make the 99)journey.

Mind MapYour Topic is Egyptian Afterlife



Burial Practices of the EgyptiansEgyptians 100)belief that the body needed to be 101)preserved to avoid decay lead to 102)embalming and 103)mummification.Only 104)royalty and other members of the elite could 105)afford this process.

MummiesThe 106)mummification process has two stages. The first one is called 107)embalming. This process cleans the body for the wrappingThe second stage is 108)wrapping This part has a number of special steps, that must be followed.

Mind MapYour Topic is Burial Practices



EmbalmingStep 1: The body is washed with 109) palm wine.

Step 2: The body is rinsed with water from the 110)Nile.

Step 3: A small 111)cut is made in the left side of the body.

Step 4: The internal organs are removed:112)Liver113)Lungs114)Small intestines115)large intestines

EmbalmingStep 5: The 116)brains are removed. A long 117)hook inserted through the nose will pull the brains 118)out.

Step 6: The 119)body is covered and stuffed with 120)natron. This is known as the 121)drying stage.

EmbalmingStep 7: Wait 122)forty days for the body to dry.

Step 8: The 123)body is washed with water from the Nile.

Step 9: The body is covered with 124)sweet smelling oils.

EmbalmingStep 10: The body is 125)stuffed with dry things, such as:126)Sawdust127)Leaves128)ClothStep 11: The body is covered with more 129)oils.

Step 12: The internal 130)organs are put into the 131)canopic jars.

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WrappingStep 1: The head and 132)neck are wrapped.

Step 2: The 133)fingers and toes are wrapped.

Step 3: The 134)arms and legs are wrapped.

Step 4: The sacred 135)amulets are placed136)The Isis knot137)The Plummet

WrappingStep 5: The 138)spells from the book of the dead are read.

Step 6: The arms and legs are 139)tied together.

Step 7: A 140)scroll is placed between the hands of the deceased.

Step 8: The full 141)body is wrapped.

Step 9: The body is 142)painted with liquid resin as glue.

WrappingStep 10: A cloth with 143)Osiris painted on it is wrapped around the body.

Step 11: A large 144)cloth is wrapped around the body.

Step 12: 145)Linen stripes are wrapped around the body to hold the cloth in place.

Step 13: The mummy is put in the first 146)coffin.

Step 14: The 147)mummy is put in the second coffin.

WrappingStep 15: The 148)funeral is held.

Step 16: The opening of the 149)mouth ceremony is performed.

Step 17: The mummy is put in the 150)sarcophagus.

Step 18: The mummy is put in its 151)final resting place, the 152)tomb.

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The Rule of MentuhotepAround 2050 BC 153)Mentuhotep II came to power.This 154)began the period known as the 155)Middle Kingdom.This was a time of 156)stability for the region.

The Rule of MentuhotepThis time period lasted until 157)1750 BC.The fall of the kingdom was due to 158)internal disorder within the 159)nobles.Also a group known as the 160)Hyksos from Asia had invaded parts of Egypt.

The Rule of MentuhotepThe Hyksos were able to 161)capture the lower region and occupy it for 162)200 years.This 163)ended the Middle Kingdom.

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The New Kingdom164)Ahmose of the city of 165)Thebes expelled the Hyksos and took control of the 166)region.This marks the beginning of the 167)18th Dynasty.This is the time of Egypts greatest 168)power.

The New KingdomDuring this time 169)Egyptian leaders wanted to avoid being 170)invaded ever again. They 171)wanted to take control of any 172)invasion route in the region.

The New KingdomThey 173)army of Egypt would take control of the following regions:174)Hyksos Homeland175)Syria176)Eastern shore of the Mediterranean SeaThis made Egypt the leading 177)military power in the region.

The New KingdomMilitary 178)conquest provided Egypt with great 179)wealth.180)Kings from the conquered regions would send items to the 181)Pharaoh to maintain good relations with him.

The New KingdomThe growth of the 182)empire through military force also opened up new 183)trade routes.Many regions that were 184)unknown to the kingdom were now 185)part of the empire.

The New Kingdom186)Trade became a major part of the economy.When 187)Queen Hatshepsut came to power she 188)promoted trade.Under her 189)rule the trading routes opened:190)Red Sea191)Asia Minor192)Greece

The New KingdomShe would use 193)money made in the trade to support the growth of 194)arts and 195)architecture.She had impressive 196)monuments and temples built during her 197)reign.

Mind MapYour Topic is The New Kingdom



Ramses The Great198)Ramses II also known as Ramses the GreatThe 199)third Egyptian pharaoh (reigned 1279 BC 1213 BC) of the 200)Nineteenth dynastyHe is often regarded as the 201)greatest, most celebrated, and most 202)powerful pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire.

Ramses The GreatHis 203)successors and later Egyptians called him the 204)Great Ancestor". He led several 205)military expeditions that showed off his power.

Ramses The GreatAt age 206)fourteen, he was appointed Prince 207)Regent by his father.He is believed to have taken the 208)throne in his late teens. He ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC for 209)66 years and 2 months.

Ramses The GreatThe early part of his 210)reign was focused on building: 211)Cities212)Temples 213)MonumentsHe established the city of 214)Pi-Ramses in the Nile Delta

Ramses The GreatHe 215)died at just over 90 years old.He had 216)outlived many of his wives and children and left great 217)memorials all over Egypt

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Cleopatra the last Pharaoh218)Cleopatra VII was the last pharaoh of 219)Ancient Egypt.She was a member of the 220)Ptolemaic Dynasty Her family was of 221)Greek origin

Cleopatra the last PharaohShe 222)originally ruled jointly with her 223)father Ptolemy XII Later she would rule along side her 224)brothers Eventually she became 225)sole ruler. As pharaoh, she had a relationship with 226)Julius Caesar

Cleopatra the last PharaohShe was a 227)quick-witted woman who was fluent in 228)nine languagesShe was a 229)mathematician and a very good businesswoman

Cleopatra the last PharaohHer 230)death (suicide) was the mark of the end of the Egyptian 231)Monarchs.The 232)Roman Emperors were left to rule the region. Cleopatra was the last 233)Pharaoh of Egypt.BrainPoP-Cleopatra

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Ancient Egypt and Kush

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