Ancient China Edited

8/8/2019 Ancient China Edited

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D O W N L O A D I N G . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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Family Health

http://www.canossacollegeofnursing/humanities/ancientchina.report.com

Ancient China

Ancient China Dynasty

3D Nursing Documentation Report

Ancient China


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J apan


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Ancient China


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Ancient China


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Ancient China


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Th e farming people of t h e river valley were cut off geograp hi cally from t h e restof As ia by desert a nd mount ai ns.

Bel i ev i ng t h emselves to be t h e only c i v iliz ed peop l e i n t h e m i dst of tr i best h ey cons i dered b a rb a r ia n. Th e C hi nesec am e to c all t h e i r la nd C h ung-Kuo, t h e

Mi dd l e K i ngdo m

Ancient China


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Lik e t h e N il e, t h e Ye ll ow r i verregu la r ly overf l ows it s b a n k s a nd l e a vesr i c h t opso il on th e la nd.

Ancient China


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BC

2000 C hi nese c i v ilizati on deve l ops i nth e Ye ll ow R i ver v all e y

11 00 C h ou ru l ers beg i n a 900- y e a rre i gn.

55 1 Confuc i us i s born256-22 1 Chi n ru l ers i n C hi n a

202 H a n ru l ers beg i n t o exp a nd th ee mp i re

Ancient China

Chi nese C i v ilizati on


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AD

202 Th e H a n d y n a s ty f all s,br i ng i ng on th e Age of D i sun ity

589-6 1 8 Su i ru l ers rebu il d th e Gre at

Wall a nd bu il d th e Gr a nd C a n al .6 1 8-907 Th e C hi nese E mp i re re a c h es it s

h e i g ht under th e Ta ng D y n a s ty .1 260- 1 294 Kub lai Kha n mak es C hi n a a p a r t

of th e Mongo l Emp i re.13 68 Rebe lli on ends Mongo l ru l e, a nd

th e M i ng d y n a s ty beg i n1 644 Th e M i ng d y n a s ty co mes t o a n end.

Ancient China


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Modern h u ma ns f i rs t c am e t o C hi n a fro m Cen t r al As ia or Ind ia a bou t 50 000 BC.

Th e y were S t one Age peop l e, w h o li ve onc a ves a nd wore fur a nd l e ath er.

Th e y were h un t ers a nd g ath erers.Around 4000- 3 000 BC th e New S t one Age

peop l e beg a n t o f a r m r i ce a nd k eepa n imal s i n C hi n a .

Th e y beg a n t o se ttl e i n r i ver v all e y ,al ong th e Ye ll ow R i ver i n nor th ernChi n a th e y beg a n t o li ve i n v illa gesa nd bu il d s mall h ouses w ith reed roofs.

3 000- 2000 BC th e y beg a n t o mak e po tt er y .

Ancient China

Stone Age China


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Red clay pots with swirling black designsfrom north-west China

Smooth black pots from north-east China

They also began to:Use silk to make clothesUse wagon with wheels

Ancient China

C hinese pottery from this time:


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Br on z e Age (a r ound 2000 BC)

S h ang D yn as ty i s of t e n ca ll ed th e f i r s t t ru e C hin ese d yn as ty

Th e S h a ng ru

l er

s co ntr

o ll ed a fa ir

ly s ma ll s t a t e n ea r th e Ye ll ow R i ve r b u t in f l u e n ced mu c h l a r g e r a r ea.

I n 1 800 BC S h a ng d yn as ty beco me th e f i r s t t o u nit e a b ig pa r t of C hin a u nd e r o n e

king .Th e y we r e of t e n a t wa r with ni e gh bo r ing

peop l e a nd with s h eep- h e r ding n o ma d swh o t r espass o n th e i r l a nd .

Ancient China

Sha ng Dy n asty


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Th e y use t or t o i se s h e ll s a nd bones t o k eeprecords a bou t wh o p ai d w hat t o w h o.

Peop l e used j a de for jewe l r y a nd

decor ati on.Th e d y n a s ty la s t ed for a bou t 700 y e a rs.Th e C h ou fro m th e We i Ri ver reg i on t o th e

wes t over th rew th e S ha ng a bou t 11 00 BC

Ancient China


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Th e C h ou D y n a s ty conquered th e S ha ngDy n a s ty a bou t 11 00 BC a nd re i gned ne a r ly 900 y e a rs, l onger tha n a n y o th er d y n a s ty i nChi nese hi s t or y .

Th e y be li eved that He a ven w a s on th e i rs i de so th e y were a b l e t o conquer th eS ha ng.

F i rs t per i od of th e i r ru l e w a s c all ed th eWes t ern C h ou , bec a use at thi s tim e th e

Ch ou on ly ru l ed th e wes t ern p a r t of modernChi n a .

F i rs t Ch ou ru l er governed fro m th e i rwes t ern h o me la nd al ong th e We i r i ver.

Ancient China

C ho u Dy n asty


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F amily me mbers a nd t rus t ed milita r y l e a ders a re i n c ha rge of th e e a s t ern la ndstak en fro m th e S ha ng d y n a s ty .

Ea c h l oc al ki ng i n w all ed t own w a s

pro t ec t ed b y a n a r my a nd i n 77 1 BC th eki ngs rebe ll ed a g ai ns t th e C h ou e mperor .

Th e C h ou ru l ers f l ed 3 00 mil es e a s t al ongth e We i Ri ver t o a new c a p ital at Lo ya ng.

Ancient China


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Th e l ong re i gn of th e C h ou d y n a s ty wa s a tim e of w a r, la wl essness, a nd d i sun ity , bu t with im por ta n t deve l op men t s i n C hi nesesoc i e ty .

Per i od fro m 48 1 t o 22 1 BC w a s c all ed th eWa rr i ng S tat es Per i od

Abou t 3 00 BC , th ere were on ly seven b i gs tat es l ef t .

Ancient China

E aste r n C ho u Dy n asty


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By 256 BC, th e C h ou e mperors l os t power ,a nd th e on ly ru l ers of C hi n a were th e ki ngsof th e seven s tat es.

Th ese ki ngs foug ht am ong th e mse l ves un til th e ki ng of C hi n , th e s t ronges t s tat e,succeeded i n maki ng him se l f th e e mperor a ndes ta b li s h ed th e C hi n D y n a s ty .

Ancient China


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-Agr i cu lt ure, t ec h no l og y , t r a de a ndt r a nspor tati on undergo c ha nges.

-Me tal wor k s w ith th e use of i ron i n maki ngs t urd y p l ow a nd s ha rp we a pons.

-C a n al s for s hi pp i ng gr ai n were bu ilt a ndi rr i g ati on s y s t e m were deve l oped.-Merc ha n t s bec am e we althy a nd i nf l uen tial ,

alth oug h th e y were cons i dered th e l owes t soc ial c la ss.

Ancient China


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-No ma d i c h erd i ng peop l e l e a rned t odo mes ti c at e a n imal s a nd i n t roducedh orseb a c k r i d i ng i n C hi n a .

-M a n y Chi nese a dop t ed th e no ma d s c l o thi ngs tyl e of we a r i ng t rousers r ath er tha n th et r a d iti on al l ong robe.

-C hi nese cu lt ure spre a d over a n a re a fro m th e bo a rders of Mongo lia i n nor th t oYa ng tz e R i ver i n sou th were th e unc i v iliz ed

b a rb a r ia ns of th e M i dd l e K i ngdo m li ve.

Ancient China


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Ru l ers i n th e alm os t i ndependen t s tat esbeg a n t o cen t r aliz e th e i r ru l e a ndes ta b li s h ta x s y s t e ms, milita r y org a n izati ons, a nd codes of la w.

S tat es i n Nor th Chi n a beg a n t o bu il d w all sal ong th e i r fron ti er t o k eep ou t no ma d i ci nv a ders.

Bure a ucr at s w h o a re new c la ss of t r ai nedpub li c off i c ial s a nd a d mi n i s t r at or e merged

t o run th e govern men t .

Ancient China


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Confuc i us- a t r a ve li ng bure a ucr at wh o w a s

reg a rded a s C hi n a s gre at es t p hil osop h era nd t e a c h er.

Confuc ia n v i r t ue i nc l ude i nner qu aliti essuc h a s i n t egr ity , l o yalty , a nd generos ity ,bu t al so i nc l ude good ma nners, cu lt ure a ndpo lit eness.

Ancient China

Chi n a s C la ss i c al Age B eg i n


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He al so ou tli ne 5 b a s i c soc ial re lati ons hi p:1 .be t ween ru l er a nd subjec t s

2. f ath er a nd son3 . h usb a nd a nd w i fe4. o l der a nd y ounger bro th ers

5. fr i ends or me mbers of a co mmun ity

Ancient China

Confuc i us


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Ancient China


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La o zi

- f i rs t gre at t e a c h er of Ta o i s m wh o may ha ve been on ly a mythi c al f i gure- th e i r aim wa s t o d i scover th e Ta o (Dow ) or

w ay of th e n at ur al un i verse a nd li veha r mon y with n at ure.

- Ta o i s t s ymbo l were r a w s ilk , un-c a rvedb l oc k of wood, a nd a newborn c hil d

Ancient China


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H sun- tz u- h e s ta r t ed th e Leg ali s t p hil osop hy- h e li ved a bou t th e s am e tim e a s

Menc i us- be li eved that peop l e were b a s i c ally

ev il a nd se l f i s h bu t cou l d be im proved b y educ ati on, gre at t e a c h ers, a nd s t r i c t la ws.

C hi nese p hil osop hi es s t ress th e im por ta nceof th e f amily .

* f ilial p i e ty wa s one of th emos t im por ta n t v i r t ues.

Ancient China


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Ch ou e mperors ma de la w a bou t h ow f a nc y y ourh ouse cou l d beOn ly th e e mperor were all owed t o ha ve

a r ti s t s c a rve th e i r p illa rs a nd p ai n t th e m red.

On ly th e ver y r i c h f amili es cou l d p ai n t th e i r p illa rs b la c k

Peop l e w h o a re no t r i c h p ai n t ed th e i rp illa rs y e ll ow..

Ancient China

Ch ou D y n a s ty Arc hit ec t ure


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In E a s t ern C h ou per i od that peop l e i n C hi n a f i rs t beg a n t o mak e o th er ki nds of a r t .

Th e y beg a n t o mak e thi ngs ou t of la cquer,th e co l ored red s a p of th e la c t ree p ai n t edi n t o wood. I t wa s used t o mak e be a u ti fu l

li g ht s we i g ht boxes, d i s h es a nd evens mall s tat ues.

Ancient China


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Chi n D y n a s ty over th rown th e la s t of th eCh ou ru l er i n 256 BC.

Broug ht t oge th er th e o th er s tat es under a s t rong cen t r al govern men t .

La s t ed l ess tha n 1 5 y e a rs on ly .Dur i ng thi s ver y br i ef d y n a s ty , th e d y n ami c

l e a der S hih - H u a n Ti un i f i ed th e "w a rr i ngs tat es" of th e preced i ng er a a nd dec la redhim se l f C hi n a' s f i rs t e mperor.

Ex t ens i ve r ail ro a d a nd c a n al s were ma de t omak e co mmun i c ati on be t ween prov i ncesqu i c k er a nd s a fer.

Ancient China

Chi n D y n a s ty


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Ancient China


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Li SsuMos t t rus t ed a dv i ser of S hih H u a n Ti .H e w a s one of th e or i g i n at ors of Leg ali s m

whi c h aim i n crus hi ng th e l oc al l ords. H eal so s im p li f i ed th e wr itt en la ngu a ge so

more peop l e c a n l e a rn t o re a d a nd wr it e.

Ancient China


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Li Ssu beg a n a wi despre a d progr am of boo k burn i ng that ended th e cre ati v ity ofChi n a s C la ss i c al Age.

Weak ened th e d y n a s ty

So l d i ers a nd pe a s a n t rebe ll ed

Dy n a s ty fe ll few y e a rs a f t er th e de ath ofth e f i rs t e mperor

Ancient China


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Ancient China


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Th e f i rs t sec ti on of th e Gre at Wall wa sbu ilt forc i ng over 3 00 000 pe a s a n t s t owor k .M a n y ha ve d i ed dur i ng th econs t ruc ti o m.

Ancient China


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Th e 400 y e a rs of H a n ru l e were so re ma r ka b l ethat th e C hi nese s till c all th e mse l ves th e H a n peop l e.

Milita r y exp a ns i on, po liti c al

cen t r alizati on, a nd cu lt ur al a c hi eve men t sma de thi s th e f i rs t of C hi n a' s fourgre at es t d y n a s ti es.

Ancient China

H a n D y n a s ty


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Th e H a n i nven t ed p a per a nd th e maki ng off i ne porce lai n or c hi n a , a nd gre atly im proved s ilk -we a v i ng t ec h n i ques.

Th e i r ques t for allia nces w ith fore i gnpowers pro mp t ed th e m t o es ta b li s h a nex t ens i ve t r a de rou t e that ex t ended t o th eRo ma n E mp i re a nd wou l d beco me k nown a s th eS ilk Ro a d.

An e mp ha s i s on funer a r y a r t i s ev i den t i n

t o mbs a r t fu lly decor at ed w ith f i gures a ndgeo me t r i c s ha pes; th ese ima ges prov i dec l ues t o H a n cos t u mes, a rc hit ec t ure, a nda r i s t ocr ati c p a s tim es.

Ancient China

H a n D y n a s ty


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Ancient China


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Ka o Tsu (Gre at Ances t r al F ath er )- a milita r y l e a der that dec la red

him se l f e mperor a nd es ta b li s h H a n D y n a s ty dur i ng th e tim e w h en r i v al l e a ders co mpe t efor power.

- h e c am e fro m a pe a s a n t f amily a ndha d been b a nd it i n th e moun tai ns beforebeco mi ng a so l d i er.

Ancient China


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Wu Ti ( 1 4 1 - 87 BC)

- h e exp a nd th e H a n e mp i re- dur i ng hi s l e a ders hi p, H a n s

gre at es t grow th i n la nd a nd power c am ea bou t .

- a f t er hi s de ath , th e C hi neseconquered mos t of th e s t eppes of Cen t r al As ia i nc l ud i ng th e Ta r im Ba s i n.

- th e gre at wall re a c h ed f a r wes t

Ancient China


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Th e H a n e mperors es ta b li s h ed a s t rongcen t r al govern men t that wa s des i gned t oh e l p th e peop l e, a nd pro t ec t th e m.

One suc h i nnov ati on w a s th e s t or a ge of food.

Dur i ng tim es of p l en ty , H a n e mperors wou l dha ve gre at am oun t s of food pu t up i n t os t or a ge. Th en dur i ng d i ff i cu lt tim es, th e y wou l d se ll th ese food s t ores, h e l p i ng t os ta b iliz e food pr i ces.

Ancient China

P a x S i n i c a ( C hi nese Pe a ce )


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Th e H a n al so a bo li s h ed th e pr a c ti ce ofg i v i ng powerfu l govern men t pos iti ons t ome mbers of th e ro yal f amily . To i nsure that th e mos t tal en t ed l e a ders were g i vengovern men t pos t s, th e H a n E mperor Wud i i ns tit u t ed a ser i es of wr itt en ex am s.An y one cou l d tak e th e t es t s. Th ose w h orece i ved th e hi g h es t scores were g i venpos t s i n th e govern men t .

Ancient China


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By A.D. 220 th e H a n D y n a s ty ha d f all en i n t oa we ak ened s tat e. W a rr i ors fro m co mpe ti nga re a s beg a n f i g hti ng one a no th er, th row i ngChi n a i n t o a per i od of c i v il wa r that wou l dla s t for ma n y y e a rs.

Ancient China

T h e E nd of T h e H a n D y n a s ty


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Budd hi s m wa s founded b y a n Ind ia n pr i nce,wh o c all ed him se l f th e Budd ha

Af t er th e de ath of Budd ha , hi s fo ll owerst r a ve l ed a round As ia spre a d i ng hi s mess a get o d i s ta n t la nds. Budd hi s m re a c h ed C hi n a

jus t a s th e H a n D y n a s ty wa s co mi ng t o a nend. Dur i ng th ese d i ff i cu lt tim es, peop l ewere i n se a rc h of f aith . Budd hi s m, al ongwith it s t e a c hi ngs of N i rv a n a offered th e m h ope for a be tt er li fe. B y A.D. 400Budd hi s m wa s w i de ly pr a c ti ced i n C hi n a .

Ancient China

Budd hi s m Arr i ves In C hi n a


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F or th ree h undred y e a rs s ta r ti ng i n 220 AD,Chi n a wa s d i v i ded i n t o th ree s mall erki ngdo ms .1 . We i Ki ngdo m- ru l ed b y th e Ts 'a o f amily

a nd l oc at ed i n nor th ern p a r t of C hi n a a ndwa s soon i nv a ded b y th e Tob a .2. S h u H a n K i ngdo m - ru l ed b y Li u Be i a ndwa s i n th e sou th -wes t p a r t of C hi n a .

3 .Wu K i ngdo m - ru l ed b y Sun C h' u a n a ndl oc at ed at sou th e a s t p a r t of C hi n a .

Ancient China

Th e Age of D i sun ity Beg i ns


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Ro ma nce of th e Th ree K i ngdo ms - one ofth e gre at es t boo k of C hi nese lit er at urewhi c h wa s a bou t th e th ree ki ngdo ms.Th e w a rs, p la gues, a nd po liti c al i ns ta b ility that c ha r a c t er iz e thi s l eng thy

per i od forced th e C hi nese t o ques ti ont r a d iti on al be li ef s y s t e ms, espec ially Confuc ia n i s m, a nd encour a ged ma n y t oe mbr a ce Budd hi s m a nd Ta o i s m.Desp it e th e perv a s i ve t ur mo il , th e a r t sf l our i s h ed a nd evo l ved. Th e i nven ti on ofwoodb l oc k pr i n ti ng ma de it poss i b l e t ot e a c h th e t ene t s of Budd hi s m t o th e ma sses.

Ancient China


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Ancient China


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Ancient China


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Th e coff i n docu men t s a n im por ta n t s ta ge i nth e deve l op men t of th e p i c t or ial t r a d iti oni n C hi nese a r t

Ancient China


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In 58 1 AD, a milita r y gener al n am ed Wen Ti fro m nor th wes t Chi n a succeeded i nconquer i ng th e o th er t wo ki ngdo m a ndes ta b li s hi ng a new d y n a s ty i n C hi n a .

Emperor Wen Ti a nd hi s son w a s th e on ly e mperor dur i ng th e Su i Dy n a s ty .

Th e y rebu ilt th e Gre at Wall a nd re-conquered p a r t of Cen t r al As ia

Ancient China

Su i Dy n a s ty


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Th e y al so s ta r t ed th e am b iti ous progr am ofc a n al - bu il d i ng ,w hi c h i nc l uded th e Gr a ndCa n al , li n ki ng th e Ye ll ow R i ver a nd th eYa ng tz e R i ver.

Su i po tt ers t oo k pre limi n a r y s t eps t ow a rdi nven ti ng porce lai n b y mo l d i ng w hit e c lay i n t o s im p l e for ms a nd a pp lyi ng a c l e a r

g laz e.

Ancient China


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A s t rong Ind ia n i nf l uence i s ev i den t i n bo th th e a bund a n t scu l p t ure a nd th e nu merousBudd hi s t t e mp l es a nd med itati on c a vesd ati ng fro m th e Su i

Ancient China


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Bu t Ya ng Ti' s wors t projec t wa s that h eatta c k ed Kore a t o t r y t o tak e it over. H ego t t oge th er a gre at a r my of over a milli onmen t o i nv a de Kore a , bu t hi s gre at a r my wa sdefe at ed a nd ha d t o run a way . Th e a r my gener al s were a ngr y a bou t thi s a nd kill edYa ng Ti . That wa s th e end of th e Su i Dy n a s ty

Ancient China


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Af t er Y a ng Ti of Su i Dy n a s ty wa s kill ed b y hi s gener al s, one of th e gener al s, Li S hih -mi n t oo k over th e ru li ng of th e e mp i re a ndpu t hi s f ath er Li Yu a n a s E mperor.

By 626, Li S hih - mi n ma de hi s f ath er a bd i c at e(re ti re ) a nd t oo k over be i ng e mperorhim se l f, taki ng th e new n am e T'ai Tsung. H ema de hi s c a p ital at Cha ng 'a n. I t bec am e oneof th e b i gges t c iti es i n th e wor l d at thi stim e

Ancient China

Ta ng D y n a s ty


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Emperor Tsung con ti nued th e H a n D y n a s ty way of c h oos i ng governors a nd judges on th eb a s i s of th e gre at ex ami n ati on .

H e al so con ti nued gr a n ti ng la nd a ndco ll ec ti ng ta xes equ ally fro m ever y one.

H e al so t oo k census ever y 3 y e a rs t o mak esure that ever y one p ai d th e r i g ht am oun t ofta xes.

Tr a de a nd c iti es beg a n t o beco me more

im por ta n t i n C hi n a .

Ancient China


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-Wu H ou w a s one of T'ai Tsung ' s g i r l fr i ends.

Af t er h e d i ed, s h e bec am e hi s son ' sg i r l fr i end t oo! H i s n am e w a s G a o z ong.

-S h e used G a o z ong ' s l ove for h er t o ge t r i dof all hi s o th er g i r l fr i ends (so me s h e ha dkill ed ) a nd even t u ally h e ma rr i ed h er, sos h e bec am e th e e mpress.

-As e mpress, Wu H ou w a s ver y a c ti ve i npo liti cs. W h en G a o z ong ha d a s t ro k e i n 660AD a nd w a s t oo s i c k t o ru l e, Wu H ou t oo k

over th e govern men t of C hi n a .

Ancient China


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-In 684 AD, G a o z ong d i ed, a nd Wu H ou bec am e

th e regen t for h er y oung son. In 690, w h ens h e w a s 64 y e a rs o l d, Wu H ou forced h erson ou t a nd ma de h erse l f E mpress of C hi n a ,ru li ng on h er own.

-Wu H ou w a s a devou t Budd hi s t , bu t al sopro mo t ed Ta o i s m. Dur i ng h er re i gn , Kore a wa s broug ht under C hi nese con t ro l .

-Bu t wh en s h e w a s 80 y e a rs o l d, s h e w a sforced ou t of power. Nobod y cou l d a gree

a bou t wh o wou l d co me a f t er h er, a nd soth ere w a s a l ong c i v il wa r

Ancient China


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Ancient China

Empress Wu H uoChi n a s on ly fe mal e ru l er


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- H e exp a nd th e borders of C hi n a , a nd ru l edall th e w ay t o Ti be t a nd Cen t r al As ia i nth e wes t , a nd nor th t o Mongo lia a nd

Ma nc h ur ia , a nd sou th t o V i e t n am , a nd evencon t ro ll ed Kore a a s th e Su i e mperors ha dwa n t ed.

-In 75 1 , Ar a bs t r i ed t o conquered C hi n a bu t th e y f ail ed.

Ancient China


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-In 755 AD, An Lu-s ha n l ed a rebe lli ona g ai ns t H su a n Tsung bec a use h e l os t i n t eres t i n ru li ng th e e mp i re a nd focus ona r t s a nd p hil osop hy . Th e y l e t th e son ofH su a n Tsung , H u a ng C h'a o t o be th e

e mperor.- Th e son r ai sed a new a r my, a nd b y 757 AD h e

wa s a b l e t o ge t An Lu-s ha n a ss a ss i n at ed.-S till th ere w a s more c i v il wa r un til 76 3 .

Th ese w a rs wrec k ed C hi n a a nd kill edmilli ons of peop l e a nd th e d y n a s ty neverbeco me s t rong a g ai n.

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Ancient China

H su a n Tsung - 7 1 2 AD(9 th Emperor of th e Ta ng D


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F ore i gn re li g i ons , i nc l ud i ng Budd hi s m,Is lam , a nd so me E a s t ern sec t s ofCh r i s tia n ity , were al so broug ht i n t o C hi n a a nd won conver t s th ere.

Chi n a bec am e th e cen t er of th e gre at es t e mp i re i n th e wor l d at that tim e.

Peop l e fro m o th er p la ces a d mi re th e bro a d

s t ree t s, e l eg a n t h ouses a nd t e mp l es,p ala ces, a nd la ndsc a pe p a r k s.

Ancient China

A i Chi


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Ancient China

A i t Chi


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Nor th ern Sung ( 1 s t p a r t of th e d y n a s ty ) Cha o K u a ng- yi n , one of th e gener al s of th e

dec li n i ng Ta ng D y n a s ty bec am e th e e mperora nd reun i f y Chi n a a nd c ha nge hi s n am e t oSung Tai Tsu

Emperor Sung Tai Tsu ma de pe a ce w ith th eKhita ns of th e Nor th e a s t a nd of th e Wes t ernH s ia on th e Nor th wes t a nd ha d t o p ay th e m

h e a ps of go l d so th e y will no t atta c k Chi n a .

Ancient China

Sung D y n a s ty


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Ancient China


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Sou th ern Sung (2nd p a r t of th e d y n a s ty )

Kha o Tsung w a s th e e mperor of thi s d y n a s ty .- h e w a s th e son of E mpror Sung

Tai Tsu w h o run a way t o Sou th ern C hi n a wh en th e Juc h ens i nv a ded th e C a p ital ofSung.

- c a nno t rec laim th e Nor th ern Sungbec a use h e doesn t ha ve a s t rong milita r y defence .

Ancient China

Ancient China


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- deve l op th r i v i ng t r a de b y s aili ng t oSou th e a s t As ia a nd Ind ia bec a use c a nno t tak e th e rou t e al ong th e S ilk Ro a d.

- C hi nese l e a rned t o bu il d la rge

s hi ps a nd t o n a v i g at e us i ng th e co mp a ss.- p a per mone y h e l ped t o cre at e

grow th i n th e econo my

1 279 AD Mongo l s i nv a de fro m th e Nor th a ndkill ed th e la s t Sung E mperor

.

Ancient China

Ancient China


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Ancient China

Ancient China


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cre at ed b y th e Sou th ern Sung D y n a s ty

th ese a re b i g round bu il d i ng ma de of r ammede a r th on s t one found ati on, a nd i ns i de th e y rose hi g h up w ith ma n y l eve l s of roo msa round a cen t r al cour tya rd.

- thi s a p a r tm en t h ouses bec am e popu la rbec a use th e y were eff i c i en t t o bu il d a ndh e at , a nd prov i de s a fe ty fro m b a nd it s.

Ancient China

To l ou Houses

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Ancient China

Tolo u Ho u ses

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In 1 276 AD, w h en th e Mongo l s i nv a ded a ndt oo k over C hi n a , th e y ha d al re a d y beenru li ng a la rge e mp i re for a bou t f i f ty y e a rs.

Th e i r e mp i re s t re t c h ed fro m Ind ia a nd Russ ia t o nor th ern C hi n a a nd Kore a .In 1 276 th e Mongo l s c a p t ured th e Sung

c a p ital at H a ng zh ou, a nd b y 1 279 th eMongo l s con t ro ll ed all of C hi n a .

Kub lai Kha n, th e Mongo l l e a der, moved th ec a p ital of th e Mongo l e mp i re fro m Ka r ak oru m i n Cen t r al As ia t o Be i j i ng, C hi n a .

Ancient China

Yu a n D y n a s ty Mongo l Inv a s i on

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Th e C hi nese were ver y a ngr y that Kub lai Kha ng a ve fore i gners lik e th e Vene tia n M a rcoPo l o all th e jobs a s governors a nd judges,i ns t e a d of c h oos i ng C hi nese peop l e. Bu t Kub lai Kha n d i d no t t rus t th e C hi nese.

Kub lai Kha n d i ed i n 1 294 AD. B y th e 133 0 ' s,peop l e all over th e w h o l e Mongo l Emp i rewere suffer i ng fro m th e B la c k De ath - th ebubon i c p la gue. M illi ons of peop l e d i ed i n

Chi n a . Th e p la gue ma de it ha rd t o k eep th ee mp i re t oge th er.

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Dur i ng th e 13 50 ' s AD, a revo l u ti on a r y move men t c all ed th e Red Turb a ns bec am ea c ti ve i n nor th ern C hi n a .

In 13 56, th e Red Turb a ns, under th el e a ders hi p of C h u Yu a n-c ha ng, c a p t ured

Na nj i ng.

Ch u Yu a n gr a du ally conquered C hi n a , a ndth rew ou t th e Mongo l s. In 13 68 AD.

Ch u Yu a n dec la red him se l f e mperor of C hi n a ,under th e n am e H ung-wu, a nd th en h e f i n ally c a p t ured th e Mongo l c a p ital at Be i j i ng,s ta r ti ng th e M i ng .

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Af t er H ung-Wu th rew th e Mongo l s ou t i n 13 68AD , h e es ta b li s h ed th e M i ng D y n a s ty .

Bu t H ung-Wu ' s power w a s s till pre tty we ak a f t er th e Mongo l i nv a s i on.

H e on ly ru l ed C hi n a fro m th e Gre at Wall t oth e e a s t of Ti be t - s mall er borders tha nmodern C hi n a or tha n T'a ng D y n a s ty Chi n a .

Mi ng D y n a s ty

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H ung-Wu mode ll ed hi s govern men t on th e T'a ngDy n a s ty , t r yi ng t o k eep a s muc h power a sposs i b l e i n th e cen t r al govern men t a nd

espec ially i n hi s own ha nds. To de al with th e ex t r a wor k thi s ma de for him , h ecre at ed a counc il of hi s a dv i sers t o h e l phim . Ex ami n ati ons c am e b a c k a s a way t ose l ec t governors a nd judges.

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In 1 45 1 AD, a f t er a c i v il wa r, th e e mperorYung- Lo moved th e c a p ital fro m Na nj i ng t oBe i j i ng (b ay -ZING ) , w h ere h e beg a n wor k onth e im per ial p ala ce, w hi c h s till s ta ndst od ay

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- gre at es t a c hi eve men t of th e M i ng D y n a s ty a rc hit ec t s.

thi s w a s th e p ala ce of th e M i ng D y n a s ty e mperors , i n Be i j i ng, a nd it wa s th ecen t er of th e govern men t of C hi n a .

Forb i dden C ity


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Ancient China Edited

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