ANCIENT CHINA
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Transcript of ANCIENT CHINA
ANCIENT CHINA• Developed along __________________ River
– “River of Sorrows”
• 1766 BC -- 1st Dynasty = _________
• 1122 BC – Zhou Dyasty– Used “________________________________” to
justify conquering and ruling• “Divine Right of Kings”• Shang had upset gods, so gods pulled their favor and
gave it to the Zhou to rule
• Zhou allowed local lords to govern their own land = __________________________
Zhou Accomplishments• Economy grew• Ironworking• New crops• Use money• Transportation• Population grew• Controlled more territory
ANCIENT CHINA
By 256 BC – Zhou Dynasty had become to weak to govern local lords
local lords ignored emperor
lords fought each other for more power
By 221 BC – ____________ Dynasty had taken control
ANCIENT CHINA
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
CONFUCIUS LAOZI (Daoism)
“Kong Fuzi” “Low Dzuh”Concerned with social order and
good government•Accept place in society•Superiors are above inferiors and should care for and set example•“Filial Piety” – respect for ______________________•Education is key to leadership•Lead by example•“Yin / Yang” – maintain balance
Concerned with living in harmony with nature
•“Old Master”•Look past everyday issues to focus on the “_____________” (Way of the Universe)•Reject conflict and strife•Live simply with nature•best government is one that governs the least
Qin Dynasty221 B.C. – Zheng proclaims himself – “Shi Huangdi” [shur hwang dee] (First Emperor)
>stopped in-fighting – centralized government
>strict/harsh punishments – “______”
Hanfeizi [hahn fay dzuh]
– “The nature of man is ______. His goodness is acquired.”
*greed *order kept by being strict/harsh
Qin Dynasty• “Shi Huangdi”
– used book burnings– Forced people to work on government jobs– Enslaved law breakers– Abolished fuedalism
• Est. 36 military districts• Appt. loyal official to govern• Forced nobles to live in his capital• Gave land to peasants
Qin DynastyACCOMPLISHMENTS
• STANDARD WEIGHTS/MEASURES• UNIFORM WRITING STYLE• ROADS/CANALS• CART AXLE “CONSISTENCY” (RUTS)• __________________________
Fall of Qin Dynasty210 BC – Shi Huangdi died
people revolted from cruel rule
206 BC – Gao Zu [gow dzoo] (peasant) started Han Dynasty
RISE OF HAN DYNASTY• Restored order
• Lowered taxes
• Eased harsh policies
Han Dynasty141 BC – “____” [woo dee] becomes emperor• “Scholar Officials” – Confucian trained• Schools• Roads/canals – “_____________________”
– 4000 miles – connected to Mesopotamia
• Granaries• Sold grain at affordable prices• “Expansionism”• Est. Civil Servants
– merit
Han DynastyACCOMPLISHEMTS
• Chemistry, zoology, botany• Seismograph• Wang Chong – “scientific theories accepted
by proof, not gods”• Acupuncture• _________[ky loon] – paper from wood pulp• Buddhism
Han Dynasty falls
220 AD – Warlords overthrew
• Poor maintenance w/in empire
• Heavy taxes/debt
• Peasants fled to mountains– “Red Eyebrows”– “Green Woodsmen”
• Several kingdoms developed
• invasions
other CHINESE ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• 365 ¼ day calendar
• Improved bronze making
• Silk
• Oracle bones (animal bones / Turtle shells)– questions for gods written on bones/shells– Heated– Cracks were interpreted
• Calligraphy