Unit 1. ANCHORING 1. Read the following text and try to guess the meaning of the new words and phrases from the context

Ships may anchor either in the open roadstead or in the inner harbour. To bring the ship to anchor, it is necessary to slacken speed and stop the engine at the proper time. Both anchors must be ready to let go. The ship may ride to one or two anchors. If there is a strong wind, it is necessary to bring her head up into the wind. In case there is a strong tidal stream or current the ship should be stem on to the current. When the ship is near her intended place, she is given a little sternway with the engine (if there is no wind or current) and one anchor is dropped, then the anchor chain isds paid out, and, if necessary, the other anchor is let go. When the chain is brought up, that is when the vessel has come to rest in water, the brake is set as tight as possible. The scope of chain to be paid out depends on many factors, such as the size of the ship, the weather and tide conditions, the quality of the holding ground. It is the captain or the officer of the watch (OOW) who must determine how much of chain is to be paid out in each case. Usually, a length of chain equal to about five times the depth of water is sufficient. When the ship has been anchored, the watch officer takes the anchorage bearings. He also sees that the soundings are taken at the anchorage and enters into the log book both the bearings and soundings. Then he marks the ships position on the chart. When the vessel is at anchor at night one or more men are posted on anchor watch. It is their duty under the officer of the watch to see to the security of the ship, to see that there is sufficient room for the vessel to swing with the tide without striking another vessel.3. VOCABULARY Words and expressions Road/roadstead = rad Berth = dan To pay out = a fila (parm, lan) Tidal stream = curent de maree Current = curent To let go/cast/drop anchor = a mola, a fundarisi Anchor is clear of the bottom = ancora s-a smuls de fund Foul anchor = ancor angajat/agat Dragging anchor = ancor care derapeaz Dredging anchor = ancor care grapeaz Ebb = reflux To approach = a se apropia Off-shore = la larg de coast Landmark = reper costier Anchorage = ancoraj Bearing = relevment Entrance = intrare To shelter = a adposti High land = mal, coast nalt Bottom = fund Ground = fund Good-holding ground= care ine bine (Un)tenable ground = care ine/nu ine Deck-hand = marinar de punte To steer for = a guverna pe To heave up = a vira, a recupera To bring the ship to anchor = a aduce nava la ancoraj To slacken speed = a reduce viteza To ride/lie/be at anchor = a sta la ancor The ship rides to one anchor = nava are o singur ancor fundarisit To bring the ships head up into the wind = a aduce prova in vntTo bring up = a ancora To drop anchor = a fundarisi ancora To be stem on to the current = a sta cu prova n vnt To give a ship the sternway with the engine = a deplasa nava napoi folosind maina To swing at anchor = a gira la ancor To weigh anchor = a vira, a ridica ancora To keep in line = a menine un aliniament To alter the course = a schimba de drum To take bearings on = a lua relevmente la To make fast = a volta, a se lega la Mooring buoy = baliz de amarare Landmark = reper costier Conspicuous vizibil Even bottom = fund nivelat, fr asperiti Shoals = banc de nisip Soft mud = ml moale Patches of sand = ntinsur, poriuni de nisip Clay = argil, argilos (despre natura fundului) Shell= scoic, fund de scoici Chalk = calcar, fund calcaros To avoid a sweptm wreck = a evita o epav la o adncime dem5.Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP) 5.1. Going to anchor Is/are the anchor(s) ready for dropping? = Este/sunt ancorele gata pentru fundarisire? We are going to an anchorage = Ne ndreptm spre un loc de ancoraj Have (port/starboard/both) anchor(s) ready. = Pregtii ancora/ancorele din babord/tribord/ambele. We will drop ( port/starboard/both) anchor(s) = Vom lsa (fundarisi) ancora/ancorele din babord/tribord/ambele Putshackles in the water = Lsai ..chei de lan n ap Put shackles in the pipe. = Lsai chei de lan in nar Put shackles on deck = Lsaichei de lan pe punte. Walk back (port/starboard/both) anchor(s) one/one and a half shackle(s) = Filai ancora/ancorele din babord/tribord/ambele o cheie/ o cheie de lan i jumtate. We will let go ( port/starboard/both) anchor(s)shackle(s) and dredge it/them = Vom mola (fundarisi) ancora/ancorele din babord/tribord/ambele/cu..chei(e) de lan i o/le vom grapa. Drop port/starboard/both) anchor(s) = Funda ancora/ancorele/ din babord/tribord ambele. Pay out the cable(s) = Fila lanul/lanurile de ancor Check the cable (s) = Controleaza lanul/lanurile de ancor Hold on (port/starboard/both cable(s) = ine lanul/lanurile de ancor/din babord/tribord/ambele. How is the cable leading? = Cum ntinde lanul o nava? The cable(s) is/are leading (ahead/astern/to port/to starboard/round the bow up and down) = Lanul/lanurile de ancora ntind(e)/nainte/napoi/spre stnga/dreapta/ dublnd prova/ la pic. Is/are the anchor(s) holding? = in(e) ancora/ancorele? Are you brought up? = Eti ancorat/oprit prin ancorare? Switch on anchor light(s) = Aprindei lumina/luminile de ancoraj Switch off anchor light(s) = Stingei lumina/luminile de ancoraj Hoist anchor ball = Arborai bula neagr Lower anchor ball = Cobori bula neagra Check the anchor position by bearings = Verificai pozitia de ancoraj cu relevmente5.2. Leaving the anchorage How much cable is out? = Ct lan de ancor este deasupra ancorei? Stand by to heave up = Pregtii-v pentru virat Put the windlass in gear = Cuplati vinciul de ancor. Heave up the ( port/starboard/both) cable(s) = Virai lanul/lanurile din babord/tribord/ambeleHow much weight is on the cable? = Ct este de solicitat/virat lanul de ancor? Much weight is on the cable= Lanul de ancor este solicitat (virat) mult Too much weight is on the cable = Lanul de ancor este solicitat (virat) prea mult. No weight is on the cable = Lanul de ancor nu este solicitat (virat). Stop heaving = Oprii virarea How many shackles are left to come in ? = Cte chei de lan mai sunt de adus la post? There is a turn in the cable(s) = Lanul/lanurile prezint o rsucire Anchor(s) aweigh/clear of the bottom = Ancora/ancorele s-a/s-au desprins de fund Anchor(s) is/are clear of the water = Ancora/ancorele este/sunt liber/libere/a/au ieit din ap Anchor(s) is/are home = Ancora/ancorele este/sunt la post Anchor(s) is/are foul = Ancora/ancorele este/sunt/agate/prins/prinse Anchor(s) secured = S-a/s-au asigurat ancora/ancorele la post