ANBI 136 Human Comparative Neuroanatomy Spring Quarter 2020

Lectures: MWF 2:00-2:50 PM Lecture Zoom URL: https://ucsd.zoom.us/j/755307696 Instructor: Branka Hrvoj-Mihic . bhrvojmi@ucsd.edu Office Hours: M 11AM -1PM and by appointment

Office hours Zoom URL: https://ucsd.zoom.us/j/646429165 Course website: canvas.ucsd.edu/. All readings, lecture outlines and other class material will be posted on this site. Course overview: The focus of this course is structure of the human brain and its relation to functional adaptations typical of our species. Students will learn the gross and histological structure of the human brain and its major functional systems. The course will additionally include aspects of variations seen in the human brain, associated with pathologies of specific neural systems, neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and normative variation across nonpathological human brains. Required Course Texts: Augustine, J. R. (2008). Human neuroanatomy (2nd edition). Academic Press. NB: Any other edition of the textbook is fine. Additional readings as specified in the syllabus are available electronically on the course web-site. The textbook is available for purchase through UCSD bookstore. For additional information about accessing the textbook, the bookstore has provided the following information: Your digital course materials are provided by the UC San Diego Bookstore through Canvas and are free for the first two weeks of classes. After two weeks, your student account will be charged a special reduced price unless you opt out. If you decide to opt out you must complete the process by Saturday, April 11th 2020 and you will be responsible for sourcing the materials elsewhere. For any questions about billing please contact textbooks@ucsd.edu. To opt-out: - Click the RedShelf link in Canvas - Click View Course Materials - Scroll down to the gray opt-out button and follow the prompts You will have until Saturday, April 11th 2020 to complete this process and you will be responsible for getting access to the materials elsewhere. Course Requirements: Midterm examination (25%) Five quizzes (10% each; 40% total; lowest score dropped)

Final examination (35%) To complete this course, you must satisfy all course requirements; i.e., you must take all exams and turn in all assignments. You are expected to complete assigned readings for the day of lecture. Examinations: There will be one midterm exam in this course and a final exam. The examinations will be designed to assess your grasp of the readings and lectures. Each will consist of a variety of objective questions, so if you attend lectures consistently and complete the readings, you can expect to do quite well on these assessments. The final exam will be cumulative.

There will be five quizzes administered according to the dates listed in the syllabus at the beginning of class meeting. The quizzes will be cumulative, although most of the material will focus on the topics discussed in the lectures during the previous week. Quizzes will include identification of brain structures and short answer questions. The purpose of the quizzes is to break down the course material into manageable units. Make-up quizzes will be allowed only in exceptional circumstances, for which a valid, documented reason for absence should be produced.

Make-up exams and quizzes will only be granted in extreme and exceptional emergencies, in which case, valid documentation will need to be provided. Makeups will be given in a different format and include different content. Both the quizzes and examinations are closed book and you are expected to be present via Zoom. Students with Disabilities: Students requesting accommodations and services due to either a short or long term disability for this course need to provide a current Authorization for Accommodation (AFA) letter issued by the Office for Students with Disabilities (OSD), prior to eligibility for requests. Receipt of AFAs in advance is necessary for appropriate planning for the provision of reasonable accommodations. For additional information, contact the Office for Students with Disabilities: 858.534.4382 (V) 858.534.9709 (TTY) - Reserved for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, email: osd@ucsd.edu. OSD Website: < http://disabilities.ucsd.edu >. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF TOPICS: Week 1_______________________________________________________________________ March 30:

Introduction/ Course Nuts and Bolts April 1:

Introduction to the Nervous System Purves, D. et al. (2004) Chapter 1: Studying the nervous systems of humans and other

animals. The organization of the nervous system D. Purves et al. Neuroscience. (3rd ed.) Sinauer Associates. Pp. 1-24.

April 3:

Methods for Studying CNS

Schneider G. E. Chapter 2: Methods for mapping pathways… In: Brain structure and its origins in development and in evolution of behavior and the mind. MIT Press. Pp. 29-52. Week 2_______________________________________________________________________ April 6:

Neurons/Mechanisms of Neural Communication Augustine: Chapter 1 – Introduction to the nervous system

April 8:

Vascular System of the Brain Augustine: Chapter 22 – Blood supply to the central nervous system.

April 10: Ventricular System and CSF Augustine: Chapter 23 – The meninges, ventricular system, and cerebrospinal fluid Bulat, M., & Klarica, M. (2011). Recent insights into a new hydrodynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid. Brain research reviews, 65(2), 99-112. Week 3_______________________________________________________________________ April 13: *** Quiz 1 ***

Development of the Nervous System Striedter, G. F. Developing a nervous system. In: Striedter, G. F. (2016). Neurobiology: a functional approach. Oxford University Press. Pp. 97-128. April 15: The Spinal Cord Augustine: Chapter 3 – The spinal cord April 17: The Brainstem and Cranial Nerves Augustine: Chapter 4 – The brainstem and Chapter 9 – The reticular formation Week 4_______________________________________________________________________ April 20: *** Quiz 2 ***

The Forebrain and Its Subdivisions Augustine: Chapter 5 – The forebrain

April 22:

Sensation and Sensory Processing: Touch and Proprioception Augustine: Chapter 8 – Paths for touch, pressure, proprioception, vibrations

April 24:

Sensation and Sensory Processing: The Visual System Augustine: Chapter 12 – The visual system Barton, R. A. (1998). Visual specialization and brain evolution in primates. Proceedings

of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 265(1409), 1933-1937.

Week 5_______________________________________________________________________ April 27: ***** MIDTERM EXAMINATION ***** April 29:

Sensation and Sensory Processing: The Auditory System Augustine: Chapter 10 – The auditory system

May 1: Sensation and Sensory Processing: Chemical senses

Augustine: Chapter 17 – The olfactory and gustatory systems Barton, R. A., Purvis, A., & Harvey, P. H. (1995). Evolutionary radiation of visual and

olfactory brain systems in primates, bats and insectivores. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 348(1326), 381-392. Week 6_______________________________________________________________________ May 4:

Gateway to the Cortex: The Thalamus Augustine: Chapter 14 – The thalamus

May 6:

The Neuroanatomy of Memory and Emotion Augustine: Chapter 18 – The limbic system

May 8: The Limbic System (Cont’d) Parr, L. A., Waller, B. M., & Fugate, J. (2005). Emotional communication in primates: implications for neurobiology. Current opinion in neurobiology, 15(6), 716-720. Week 7_______________________________________________________________________ May 11: *** Quiz 3*** The Cortex: Introduction Augustine: Chapter 21 – The Cerebral Hemispheres May 13: The Neuroanatomy of Executive Functions: The Prefrontal Cortex

Fuster, J. M. (1997). Anatomy of the prefrontal cortex. In: The prefrontal cortex: anatomy, physiology, and neuropsychology of the frontal lobe. Lippincott-Raven. 6-42

May 15:

The Prefrontal Cortex (Cont’d) Uylings, H. B., Groenewegen, H. J., & Kolb, B. (2003). Do rats have a prefrontal cortex?.

Behavioural brain research, 146(1-2), 3-17. Preuss, T. M. (1995). Do rats have prefrontal cortex? The Rose-Woolsey-Akert program

reconsidered. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 7(1), 1-24.

Week 8_______________________________________________________________________ May 18: *** Quiz 4***

The Prefrontal Cortex: Orbital regions Barbas, H. (2007). Specialized elements of orbitofrontal cortex in primates. Annals of the

New York Academy of Sciences, 1121(1), 10-32. May 20:

The Prefrontal Cortex: Orbital regions (Cont’d) Rolls, E. T. (2019). Synthesis: the roles of the orbitofrontal cortex. In. The orbitofrontal

cortex. Oxford University Press. Pp. 257-262. May 22:

The Prefrontal Cortex: Orbital regions (Cont’d) Roberts, A. C. (2006). Primate orbitofrontal cortex and adaptive behaviour. Trends in

cognitive sciences, 10(2), 83-90.

Week 9_______________________________________________________________________ May 25: No Class: Memorial Day Holiday May 27: *** Quiz 5***

Nervous System Plasticity Striedter, G. F. Neuronal Plasticity. and Protecting and maintaining the nervous system.

In: Striedter, G. F. (2016). Neurobiology: a functional approach. Oxford University Press. Pp. 71-96. and 133-165. May 29:

Nervous System Plasticity (Cont’d) Jacobs, B., Creswell, J., Britt, J. P., Ford, K. L., Bogen, J. E., & Zaidel, E. (2003).

Quantitative analysis of cortical pyramidal neurons after corpus callosotomy. Annals of neurology, 54(1), 126-130.

Annese, J., Schenker-Ahmed, N. M., Bartsch, H., Maechler, P., Sheh, C., Thomas, N., ...

& Klaming, R. (2014). Postmortem examination of patient HM’s brain based on histological sectioning and digital 3D reconstruction. Nature communications, 5(1), 1-9.

Week 10______________________________________________________________________ June 1:

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Kennedy, D. P., & Adolphs, R. (2012). The social brain in psychiatric and neurological

disorders. Trends in cognitive sciences, 16(11), 559-572. Petanjek, Z., & Kostović, I. (2012). Epigenetic regulation of fetal brain development and neurocognitive outcome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(28), 11062-11063. June 3:

Neurodevelopmental disorders (Cont’d)

Amaral, D. G., Schumann, C. M., & Nordahl, C. W. (2008). Neuroanatomy of autism. Trends in neurosciences, 31(3), 137-145.

Baron-Cohen, S. (2017). Editorial Perspective: Neurodiversity–a revolutionary concept for autism and psychiatry. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(6), 744-747.

June 5:

COURSE WRAP-UP *** FINAL EXAMINATION: 06/12/2020 3-5:59 PM ***