Anatomy and Physiology I Muscles that Move the Vertebral Skeleton Muscles that Aid in Breathing...

Anatomy and Physiology I

Muscles that Move the Vertebral Skeleton

Muscles that Aid in Breathing

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Muscles that Move the Scapula

Instructor: Mary Holman

Muscles that move the Vertebral Column

Erector spinae:

Iliocostalis group - lateral

Longissimus group - intermediate

Spinalis group - medial

Fig. 9.26

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Action:Acting together, muscles of each region extend and main-tain erect posture of vertebralcolumn in their respectiveregion.Acting singly, laterally flexvertebral column in their region.

Iliocostalis (lateral) groupIliocostalis cervicisIliocostalis thoracisIliocostalis lumborum

Fig. 9.26


Cervicis - Origin: upper 6 ribsInsertion: cervical vertebrae 4-6Action: extends neck

Thoracis -Origin: lower 6 ribsInsertion: upper 6 ribsAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates

Lumborum -Origin: Iliac crest & lumbar vert.Insertion: lower 6 ribsAction: Extends, laterally flexes &rotates spine

Iliocostalis lumborum

Iliocostalis thoracis

Iliocostalis cervicis

Iliocostalis Group of Erector Spinae

Fig. 9.26


Action:Acting together, both L. capitismuscles extend the head. Acting singly, they rotate the head to the same side as thecontracting muscle. Acting together, L. cervicis &L. thoracis extend the vertebral column in their regions. Actingsingly, they laterally flex the vertebral column in their region.

Longissimus (intermediate) Group

Longissimus capitisLongissimus cervicisLongissimus thoracis

Fig. 9.26

Capitis- Origin: upper thoracic, lower cervical vertebrae Insertion: Mastoid processAction: extends & rotates head

Cervicis -Origin: 4th and 5th thoracic vertebraeInsertion: 2nd - 6th cervical vertebraeAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates

Thoracis-Origin: lumbar vertebraeInsertion: Thor. and upper lumbarvertebrae & ribs 9 & 10Action: Extends thoracic region of spine

Longissimus capitis

Longissimus cervicis

Longissimus thoracis

Longissimus Group of Erector spinae

Fig. 9.26


Action:Acting together, muscles of each region extend the vertebral column of their respective regions.

Spinalis (medial) GroupSpinalis capitisSpinalis cervicisSpinalis thoracis

Fig. 9.26

Capitis- Origin: upper thoracic, lower cervical vertebrae Insertion: Occipital boneAction: extends & rotates head

Cervicis -Origin: ligmentum nuchae & 7thcervical vertebraInsertion: axisAction: holds spine erect, extends, laterally flexes & rotates

Thoracis-Origin: upper lumbar and lowerthoracic vertebraeInsertion: Upper thoracic vertebrae Action: Extends thoracic region of spine

Spinalis thoracis

Spinalis cervicis

Spinalis capitis

Spinalis Group of Erector spinae

Erector spinae:

Iliocostalis group Longissimus group Spinalis group

APRevealed

Fig. 9.26


Origin: Iliac crest

Insertion: Upper lumbar vertebrae & 12th rib

Action: Aids in breathing,Extends lumbar region

Quadratus lumborum

Muscles Used in Breathing

• Diaphragm

• External Intercostals

• Internal Intercostals

• Quadratus lumborum

Diaphragm


Plate 7, pg 45

Origin: Xiphoid process,costal cartilagesof inferior 6 ribs,and lumbar vertebrae

Insertion:Central tendon

Externalintercostal m.

Internal intercostal m.


Plate 7, pg 45

Origin: Inferior border of rib aboveInsertion:Superior border of rib below

Origin:Superior border of rib belowInsertion:Inferior border of rib above

Intercostals

Fig. 9.26


Origin: Iliac crest

Insertion: Upper lumbar vertebrae & 12th rib

Action: Aids in breathing,extends lumbar region

Quadratus lumborum

Quadratuslumborum

Anterior view

Plate 7 pg. 45

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Rectus abdominis

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transversus abdominis

Fig. 9.35a


Origin: Crest of pubis and symphysispubis

Insertion:Xiphoid process of sternum and costal cartilages of 5th to 7th ribs

Action:Tenses abdominal wall,compresses abdominal con-tents and flexes vertebralcolumn.

Rectus abdominisTendinous intersections

External oblique

Origin:Outer surfaces of lower 8 ribs

Insertion:Iliac crest and lineaalba

Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents.

9.35 a & b

Fig. 9.35a & c


Internal oblique

Origin:Crest of ilium and inguinal ligament

Insertion:Cartilages of lowerribs, linea alba and,crest of pubis

Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

Fig. 9.35d


Transversus abdominis

Origin:Costal cartilages oflower ribs, processesof lumbar vertebrae,& lip of iliac crest.

Insertion:Linea alba and crest of pubis.

Action:Tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

Rectus abdominus

External Oblique

Internal Oblique

Transversus abdominus

Plate Two Pg 40

Fig. 9.35e


Internal oblique

Peritoneum

Skin

Linea alba

Rectus abdominis

Transversusabdominis

External oblique

Transverse Section through Abdominal Wall

Muscles that Move the Pectoral Girdle

Muscles that Move the Pectoral Girdle

Anterior Thoracic Muscles• Pectoralis minor• Serratus anteriorPosterior Thoracic Muscles• Trapezius• Levator scapulae• Rhomboideus major• Rhomboideus minor

Fig. 9.28


Pectoralis minor

Origin:Three upper ribs (can vary)

Insertion:Coracoid process of scapula

Action:Depresses and abductsscapula forward, rotates it downward or raises ribs

Fig. 9.28


Serratus anterior

Origin:Superior 8 or 9 ribs

Insertion:Ventral surface of scapula

Action:Pulls scapula anteriorly and downward

Fig. 9.27bCopyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Trapezius

Fig. 9.28

Origin: Occipital bone& spines of 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Clavicle, spine and acromionprocess of scapula

Action: Rotates scapulacan raise, pull medially,pull upward or depress scapula

Anterior

Posterior

Plate 57 pg 349

Deltoid m.

Trapezius m.

Infraspinatus m.

Border of scapula

Latissimus dorsi m.

Erector spinae m.

Triceps brachii m.

Biceps brachii m.

Teres major m.

Vertebral spine

© Dr. Kent M. Van De Graaff

Fig. 9.29a

Levator scapulae

Spine of scapula

Origin: Transverse processes of superior 4 or 5 cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Medial border of scapula

Action: Elevatesscapula and rotates it downward

Fig. 9.27a

Fig. 9.27d

Rhomboideus major

Origin: Spines ofupper thoracicvertebrae

Insertion: Medialmargin of scapula

Action: Adducts,elevates and rotates scapuladownward

Fig. 9.27a

Fig. 9.27d

Rhomboideus minor

Origin: Spines oflower cervicalvertebrae

Insertion: Medialmargin of scapula

Action: Adducts,and elevates scapula

Anatomy and Physiology I Muscles that Move the Vertebral Skeleton Muscles that Aid in Breathing...

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