Anatomy and Physiology I Bones of the Pectoral Girdle And Upper Limb Instructor: Mary Holman.

Anatomy and Physiology I

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle

And

Upper Limb

Instructor: Mary Holman

Hyoid

Cranium

Face

ClavicleScapula

Sternum

Ribs

Humerus

Ulna

Hip bone

Radius

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

TarsalsMetatarsalsPhalanges

Skull

Vertebralcolumn

Carpals

Metacarpals

(a) Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Fig. 7.15a

Axial Skeleton

AppendicularSkeleton

Axial Skeleton• Skull 22 bones

– 8 cranial bones– 14 facial bones

• Middle ear bones 6 bones

• Hyoid 1 bone

• Vertebral Column 26 bones– 7 cervical vertebrae– 12 thoracic vertebrae– 5 lumbar vertebrae– 1 sacrum– 1 coccyx

• Thoracic Cage– 24 ribs 25 bones

– 1 sternum

Table 7.3

Total = 80 axial bones

Appendicular Skeleton

• Pectoral Girdle

• Upper Limbs

• Pelvic Girdle

• Lower Limbs

Total = 126 appendicular bones

The Pectoral Girdle

• Composed of 4 parts– 2 scapulae (shoulder blades)– 2 clavicles (collar bones)

• Does not form a closed ring

• Supports the upper limbs

• Attaches some of the muscles that move the upper limbs

Articulation = Joint

The junction of two or more bones

Proximal = closer to core of bodyDistal = further from core of body

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Sternum

CostalcartilageRib Scapula

Humerus

UlnaRadius

Clavicle

Coracoid process

Head of humerus

Acromion processAcromial endSternal end

Fig. 7.40a

Pectoral Girdle and itsArticulations

Anterior View

Fig 7.15b

Right Clavicle

From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 219

Superior View


Acromionprocess

Coracoidprocess

SpineGlenoidcavity

Suprascapularnotch

Superiorborder

Supraspinousfossa

Infraspinousfossa

Fig. 7.41a

Right Scapula Posterior Surface

Inferior angle

Posterior View


Acromionprocess

Coracoidprocess

Spine

Glenoidcavity

Supra-glenoidtubercle

Infra-glenoidtubercle

Fig. 7.41b

Right Scapula Lateral View

Lateral View

AnteriorPosterior

Lateral (axillary) border


Coracoidprocess

Acromionprocess

Glenoidcavity

Lateral(axillary) border

Subscapularfossa

Medial(vertebral)border

Fig. 7.41cRight Scapula Anterior Surface

Suprascapular notch

Superior border

Anterior View

Anatomical Position

Skeletal system Muscular system


Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Permission required for reproduction or display.

Fig. 7.42a

Carpals

Metacarpals

Phalanges

Humerus

Ulna

Radius

Right ArmAnterior Views

Palm Anterior

Palm Posterior



Lateralepicondyle

Medialepicondyle

Capitulum

Coronoidfossa

Trochlea

Deltoid tuberosity

HeadIntertuberculargroove

Lesser tubercle

Greater tubercle

Anatomicalneck

Surgicalneck

Fig. 7.43a

RightHumerus

Anterior Surface



LateralepicondyleMedial

epicondyle

Trochlea

HeadGreater tubercle

Olecranonfossa

Anatomicalneck

Surgicalneck

Fig. 7.43b

Right HumerusPosterior Surface

Medial Lateral



Styloid process

Ulnar notch of radius

Styloid process

Head of ulna

Ulna

Radius

Radial tuberosity

Head of radiusCoronoid process

Trochlear notchOlecranonprocess

Fig. 7.44a

RightRadius

and Ulna

Anterior view


Olecranonprocess

Trochlearnotch

Coronoidprocess

Radialnotch

Fig. 7.44b Ulna - Proximal End

Lateral view


Olecranonprocess

Head of radius

Neck of radiusUlna

Olecranonfossa

Humerus

Fig. 7.42c Right Elbow - Posterior View

Medial Lateral

Elbow Joint Medial View

Proximal EndDistal End

From: Principles of Anatomy & Physiology Tortora & Grabowski 9th Ed. Pg 224


(a)

UlnaRadius

Metacarpals(metacarpus)

Carpals(carpus)

543

2

1

Fig. 7.45a

Right Hand

Anterior View(palm up)

Base

Shaft

Head


Distalphalanx

Middlephalanx

Proximalphalanx

(b)

UlnaRadius

54 3

2

1

Fig. 7.45b

Carpals - 8

Right Hand

Posterior View

Phalanges (phalanx)


UlnaRadius

Carpals (8) (carpus) Right HandFig. 7.45a

Anterior View(palm up)

1 23

45

678

1. Scaphoid2. Lunate3. Triquetrum4. Pisiform5. Hamate6. Capitate7. Trapezoid8. Trapezium

“So Long Top PartHere Comes The Thumb”

Fig. 9.31b


Biceps brachiiShort headLong head

Origin: Short head - Coracoid process of scapula Long head - Tubercle aboveglenoid cavity of scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosityand aponeurosis

Action: Flexes forearm atelbow and rotates arm laterally

Fig. 9.31a

Fig. 9.29a

Deltoid

Origin: Spine andacromion of scapula, &clavicle Insertion: Deltoidtuberosity of humerus

Action: Abducts,extends and flexes arm.

Anterior

Posterior

Anatomy and Physiology I Bones of the Pectoral Girdle And Upper Limb Instructor: Mary Holman.

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