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Anatomical Terms

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isplay.

Rectus femoris m.

Pectineus m.

Small intestine

Thyroid cartilage of larynx

Thyroid gland

Gracilis m.

Adductor longus m.

Adductor magnus m.

"ecum

A!!endix

#rachial nerve !lexus

$obes of lung

Humerus

Su!erior venacava

"oraco%brachialis m.

Tensor fasciae latae m

.

A-"

Atlas A #$rientation to Anatomy

Anatomical position

Anatomical planes

&irectional terms

'oy regions

'oy ca(ities anmem)ranes

$rgan systems

*isual sur(ey o! the )oy

+igureA.

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A-

Anatomical Position

Person stans erect

+eet /at on /oor

Arms at sies

Palms, !ace 0 eyes !acing !orwar

1tanar !rame o! re!erence !or anatomical escriptions 0issection

+igureA.

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+orearm Positions

4hen supinate

palms !ace !orwaror upwar

raius 0 ulna areparallel

4hen pronate

palms !ace rearwaor ownwar

raius 0 ulna arecrosse

+igureA."

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Anatomical Planes an1ections

1ection implies actual cut orslice to re(eal internal

anatomy

Plane implies an imaginary /sur!ace passing through the)oy

1agittal plane i(ies )oy into

right an le!t regions meian #misagittal% plane i(ies

or organ into equal hal(es

+rontal #coronal% plane i(ies into anterior #!ront% 0 posterior#)ac6% portions

Trans(erse #hori7ontal% plane

i(ies the )oy into superior#upper% 0 in!erior #lower% portio+igure

A.

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'rontal!lane

Transverse!lane

Sagittal!lane

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&irectional Terms

Intermeiate irections - o!ten gi(en as com)inatio! these terms #e9. orsolateral%

&i:erent meanings !or humans an !our-leggeanimals

anterior ; (entral sur!ace o! human < !ront o! chest 0

a)omen

anterior #cranial% in a !our-legge animal is hea en

entral &orsal Anterior Posterio

Su!erior *nferior Proximal &istal

+edial $ateral Su!er,cial &ee!

"e!halic Rostral "audal

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'oy >egions A9ial region ; hea, nec6, 0 trun6

thoracic region ; trun6 a)o(e iaphragm

a)ominal region ; trun6 )elow iaphragm i(ie into quarants

i(ie into nine regions )y tic-tac-toe gri

Appenicular region ; upper 0 lower lim)s upper lim)

arm #)rachial region%, !orearm #ante)rachial region%,wrist #carpal region%, han #manual region%, ?ngers#igits%

lower lim) thigh #!emoral region%, leg #crural region%,

an6le #tarsal region%, !oot #peal region%, toes #igits%

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A)ominal uarants an >egio

+igureA.8

-uadrants

(a)

Rightu!!er

uadrant

$eftu!!er

uadrant

Rightlo/er

uadrant

$eftlo/er

uadrant

R

Subcostal line

*nguinal region

Hy!ochondriacregion

Hy!ogastricregion

0mbilical

region

!igastricregion

$umbarregion

*ntertubercularline

+idclavicularline

(c)

A t i l T i l

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Anatomical Terminology#(entral%

+igureA.5

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0!!er limb1

$o/er limb1

Acromial r.(shoulder)

Axillary r. (arm!it)

#rachial r. (arm)

"ubital r. (elbo/)

Antebrachial r.(forearm)

"ar!al r. (/rist)

Palmar r. (!alm)

"oxal r. (hi!)

Patellar r. (2nee)

"e!halic r. (head)

'acial r. (face)

"ervical r. (nec2)

Thoracic r. (chest)1

$o/er limb1

&orsum

+ons !ubis

xternal genitalia1

Penis Scrotum

Sternal r.

Pectoral r.

0mbilical r.

Abdominal r.

*nguinal r. (groin)

Pubic r.1

'emoral r. (thigh)

"rural r. (leg)

Tarsal r. (an2le)

Pedal r. (foot)1

Plantar surface (sole)

Testes

(b) Anterior (ventral)(a) Anterior (ventral)

A t i l T i l

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Anatomical Terminology#orsal%

+igureA.5

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(c) Posterior (dorsal) (d) Posterior (dorsal)

Dorsum of hand

Cranial r.

Nuchal r.

(back of neck)

Interscapular r.

Scapular r.

Vertebral r.

Lumbar r.Sacral r.

Gluteal r.

(buttock)

Perineal r.

emoral r.

Popliteal r.

Crural r.

!arsal r.

Calcaneal r.

(heel)

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'oy Ca(ities anMem)ranes

MaDor )oy ca(ities

cranial ca(ity (erte)ral canal

meninges

thoracic ca(ity

a)ominopel(ic ca(i

a)ominal ca(ity pel(ic ca(ity

Eine )y serousmem)ranes

+ille with (iscera+igureA.=

"ranial cavity

Thoracic cavity

&ia!hragm

Abdominal cavity

Pelvic cavity

(a) $eft lateral vie/

ertebral canal

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Cranial Ca(ity 0 *erte)ralCanal

cranial ca(ity contains )rain

line with meninges

(erte)ral canal contains the spinal c

line with meninges

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"ranial cavity

Thoracic cavity

&ia!hragm

Abdominal cavity

Pelvic cavity

(a) $eft lateral vie/

ertebral canal

+igureA.=