Analyze of vegetable greenhouse production copy

May 3, 2023 artin demiri 1

Analyze of vegetable greenhouse production ONTARIO

Experience and……opinions


…..Is it necessary to analyze?Does it help?

• Of course that is necessary The analyze will help us to understand the situation , to monitor it with diligence and to find out what we have done in the past and what we have to do in the future.

• It is crucial to have a clear perception for mistakes and the ways how to fix them.

Analyzing from A to Z

• Knowing the situation of production from A to Z , will help us to be clear for all the steps that we have to do and in the same time to learn how to improve the technique of management , steering the relevant factors in compliance to each other with the purpose to set up the proper rhythm of production.


Analyzing results-indicatorsFarm gate value

• Is it our farm gate value competitive and profitable?

• Is it progressive , stagnative or regressive?

• To have a good picture it is very crucial to compare our results with the others and the best way is to know the average of that indicator for the industry.

Our position• Considering and

comparing our results , will contribute to evaluate our potential related to others as well as to determine our competitiveness toward others to be comfort to the market.


Year AcreYield kg/m2 Gross profit/m2

2009 1824 42.35 82.3

2010 1919 40.88 82.5

2011 2067 41.66 83.4

2012 2272 43.32 73.2

2013 2400 42.23 80.5

2014 2550 40.7 81.3

Yearly dataAcresYield kg/m2Farm gate value(gross profit) cdn/m2


• So ,to have a clear picture about the progression during the years of analyze , it is necessary to compare percentage in the beginning and the end of those six consecutive years.

• -The harvesting area 2014/2009 is increased by 28.5%.

• -Production kg/m2 is decreased by 3.9%.

• - Gross profit cdn/m2 is decreased by 1. 2% .

Percentage increase and decrease…..

….through years


Increase of acreage for 6 last consecutive years…. And….yield /meter square during the same years.Average yield is composed by tomatoes, bell peppers and cucumbers / m2.


• Let us compare the indicators of production for a functional unit during six consecutive years being focused in the beginning an end of table and chart.

• It is obvious that the indicators of 2014 are below for functional unit compared with 2009.

• In a nutshell we judge that within functional unit there is not any progression……so during those years the intensification of production had been very feeble and the progression of industry was determinated only from building new greenhouses.

Comparing data(2009/2014)…….through years


Comparative charts through years

Farm gate value , average yield and price

yield kg/m2 / average price2009 42.35 1.94332010 40.88 2.01812011 41.66 1.99232012 43.32 1.68192013 42.23 1.9062

2014 40.7 1.9975


Comparing….. 2009 vs 2014Yield and Acreage • In 2009 there was a

harvest area 1824 and in 2014 that area was increased by 28 % more ,achieving 2550 acres.

• In 2009 the average yield/m2 was 42.35 kg/m2 and in 2014 the average yield was 40.7 kg/m2;so a decrease by 4% was evident.

Gross profit/m2 and Price• Gross profit/m2 is decreased

1 % and the average price is increased by 3 %.

• So making that compare , we have a clear picture of the situation through those six consecutive years


Average cost of production/kg

Yield and average

operative exp/m2operati

ve exp/m2

yield kg/m2

cost kg/kg

2010 65.07 40.88 1.59

2011 63.23 41.66 1.52

2012 59.95 43.32 1.39

2013 58.28 42.23 1.38

2014 60.9 40.7 1.5


Average operative expenses/m2 in Ontario vegetable greenhouses.

mat planting

gross pay unskill labor elec fuel

other cr exp

other oper exp total

2010 5.8 16.8 2.3 11.9 8.5 20.6 65.07

2011 5.1 17.16 x 10.36 7.7 20.3 63.23

2012 5.2 16.7 x 8.5 8 19.8 59.95

2013 4.9 16.07 1.75 8.14 7.8 21.3 58.28

2014 5.5 16.1 2 10.5 6.8 20 60.9

average 5.3 16.56 2.2 9.9 7.75 20.4 61.5


Yearly situation

….money!!!

operative exp/m2

gross prof

2010 65.07 82.5

2011 63.23 83.4

2012 59.95 73.2

2013 58.28 80.5

2014 60.9 81.3

Operative and gross profit chart


• Main indicator that leads to gross profit is yield of vegetables that are grown in greenhouse . An appropriate combination of technique and labor is crucial for production . Manipulating them dependent of the phases of growing will increase overall efficiency . But to do that is necessary to know in details the expertise of process , doing in time, in quality and quantity all service to plants , without negligence.

Business indicators-Farm gate sale(gross profit/m2)-Yield-Operative expenses


Specific experienceOur results

• Due to the expertise ,the team that I was part as a supervisor had those results.

• Beef tomatoes 61.25 kg/m2 in 51500 m2.(target was 60)

• Bell pepper 27.5 kg/m2 in 24300 m2.(target was 26)

• Long cucumbers 51.3 kg/m2 in 6000 m2.

• Average—50.3 kg/m2

Labor budget• Production was realized

staying in budget and increasing the efficiency of labor usage . So from 13 cdn/m2 given from company in the beginning of growing season , at the end 9 cdn/m2 had been used ; so the efficiency of labor usage was increased by 30%.

• Except of that , labor usage coeff had bee 99.9 %(being calculated in a math formula)that means only 0.1% was misused.So,9 cent/m2 of labor was inefficient.


Labor management• There were 35 worker

that used to work for growing and harvesting in beef tomatoes , peppers and cucumbers.

• Workers were given zones to maintain for crop work .In the same time ,there was an another group only for harvesting.

• Tomato harvesters were given the duty to be responsible for deleafing in their zones of harvesting.

• Based on the everyday schedule of harvesting, the greenhouse was separated in two parts and the harvester every day after harvest had to deleaf in their zones in the other half.

• That combination worked out perfectly because harvesters were very interested to do deleafing in a good way to have easy in harvesting . Except of that , crop worker due to have not to do with deleafing were more responsible doing other processes more fastly .


Balancing the process

Deleafing• Every day in a row , six

leaves were removed from the plants and in the same time were taken out from the greenhouse , doing in the same time mechanical part of IPM .So , fungal spores and bug’s eggs had no chance to be reproduced under favorable conditions.

Combination• That combination created the

possibility for a faster harvesting ; as well as a faster deleafing . Keeping up the rotation faster that it was supposed to be , we saved labor and created the possibility to do everything in time and with the same rhythm. E.g.; in every zone , in the same time workers were doing the same process. .So plants , were balanced in all greenhouse and the production was steadily almost every day and the harvest was finished almost in the same time every day and after deleafing was done properly.


• Having their zones of crop work or harvest , increased the responsibility of the workers and to be more disciplined toward their specific duties , to have the job done in time , in quantity and quality.

• So having their zones, nobody could speculate and abuse. .

Responsibility

zones


Performance and data• A strict performance

was kept every day and data was collected in compliance with it. Twice a day , data was analyze to verify the well going of process and to correct mistakes as shortly as possible ; so to prohibit the negative consequences in time.

• There was not electronic monitoring of labor and data was collected and calculated by note book and pencil using specific formulas to find out the speed of process and different mistakes. With the aim to have as few as was possible ,we had very few negative impacts.


• At the end of growing season we had a clear picture of the results of production . All the indicators , told us that the way that we managed the labor and the plants had been right. The target was accomplished and surpassed . The overall average yield was 50.3 kg/m2,15 % more than the average of Ontario and expenses production were kept under control and the production was realized without any extra money.

At the end of the growing season

Having the results


• We handle the situation successfully based on our expertise and experience.

• Professional education was a golden key in difficult situations , to prevent them happening.

• Good results were not a desire any more , they were reality.

• So , let us judge over the process based on results and not on words.

Expertise and..…experience ; as well as proper professional education.


• Did we do right during the growing season?

• The results were comprehensive tools to tell us that we did right , following the policy of company and carrying out 100% the instruction given from the owner . In every level of hierarchy , that instruction was understood as it was told.

Conclusion

Judging over the resutls


• Supervising is a very responsible position because the instructions have to be understood completely as they are given by superiors and to be given in the same way to the workers . They are different and they understand the instructions in different ways . Supervisors have to make the instructions understood in the same way by every one . That is a golden key!

Supervisory level…giving instruction correctly means to be comprehensive with every one.


• Harmonizing in time labor with technique , is a very crucial duty for the supervisor.

• On the other side misbalancing should lead to negative impacts to the production and budget.

• A professional educated supervisor will be able to realize it and to have success. In a small greenhouse or in a big one . The results described above are direct connected with him/her.

Supervising….

…and harmonizing

Analyze of vegetable greenhouse production copy

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