ANALISA KINERJA RADIO LINK TRANSMISI MICROWAVE PADA JARINGANKOMUNIKASI KEPOLISIAN DAERAH SUMATRA BARAT

Hisyam Sistyanto¹, Sofia Naning Hertiana², Rina Pudji Auti³

¹Teknik Telekomunikasi, Fakultas Teknik Elektro, Universitas Telkom

AbstrakAbstraksi-Sekitar Awal tahun 2007 yang lalu, pembangunan link transmisi microwave di areaKepolisian Daerah Sumatra Barat telah selesai dilakukan untuk menunjang komunikasi radio HT.Karena umur dari pemasangan perangkat serta implementasi link transmisi microwave diKepolisian Daerah Sumatra barat ini masih masih terbilang baru, dalam tugas akhir ini dianalisakinerja dari link microwave yang baru selesai dibangun tersebut. Dalam tugas akhir ini, analisadilakukan dengan membandingkan antara hasil implementasi link transmisi microwave denganapabila link tersebut dihitung secara teoritis. Parameter yang digunakan dalam analisa ialah RSL(Receive Signal Level), BER, Fading Margin, daya pemancar serta diameter dan tinggi antena.

Dari hasil analisa ditemukan bahwa penggunaan daya pancar yang diterapkan dalam sistem radio,yaitu 27 dBm, terlalu maksimal. Berdasarkan analisa, besarnya daya pancar dapat diturunkanmenjadi -39 dBm sampai 21 dBm. Besarnya diameter antena yang digunakan yaitu 1,8m dan 1,2m memiliki gain yang terlalu besar, dalam analisa dilakukan perhitungan dengan diameterantena lebih kecil yaitu 0,6m dan 1,2.m. Besarnya fading margin untuk mencover kondisiterburuk yaitu kondisi hujan dapat digunakan availability 99,995% dan 99,999%. Untukavaiability 99,995% besarnya FM dapat menutupi besarnya redaman hujan sebesar +2 dBm danuntuk avaiability 99,999% besarnya FM dapat menutupi besarnya redaman hujan sebesar +10dBm. Kapasitas kanal yang tersedia yaitu 4 E1 hanya terpakai sekitar 1 E1 untuk melayani trafikradio HT, sisa 3 E1 dapat digunakan untuk sistem komunikasi lainnya seperti telepon PABX danvideo streaming.

Kata Kunci : microwave, RSL, BER

AbstractAbstract-In the beginning of 2007, microwave transmition link construction at the area of PoliceRegion West Sumatra has been done to support radio HT communication. Since the toolinstallation and microwave transmition link implementation at the Police Region West Sumatra isstill new, in this final project ability of microwave link that has been constructed is analyzed. Inthis final project , analysis is done by comparing between result of microwave transmition linkimplementation and calculation of link theoritically. Parameters that is used in this analysis areRSL (Receive Signal Level), BER, Fading Margin, transmitter capacity, and also diameter andheight of antenna.

From analysis result is found that using transmitter capacity that is applied in radio system,whichis 27 dBm,is too maximum. Based on analysis, value of transmitter capacity can be decrease to-29 dBm untill 21 dBm. Diameter of antenna that is used are 1,8 m and 1,2 m has gain that is toolarge, in analysis, calculation is done with the smaller antenna diameter that is 0,6 m and 1,2 m.Fading margin to cover the worst condition, when rain, can be used availability 99,995% and99,999%. For availability 99,995%, value of fading margin that can cover up rain attentuation is+2dBm and for availability 99,999%, value of fading margin that can cover up rain attentuation is+10dBm. Channel capacity that is available is 4El and only used about 1 El for serving radio HTtraffic, the remaining 3 E1 can be used for other communication system, such as PABX telephoneand video streaming.

Keywords : microwave, RSL, BER.

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Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar Belakang

Kepolisian Republik Indonesia bertugas sebagai pelindung dan pengayom

masyarakat, agar dapat memaksimalkan kinerja mereka maka para pelindung

masyarakat itu membutuhkan suatu system komunikasi yang mudah, cepat dan

efisien. Maka Sistem komunikasi radio menjadi pilihan yang tepat untuk mereka

menjalin hubungan satu dengan yang lainnya.

Sistem komunikasi radio pada saat ini telah mulai banyak dipakai dan

telah berkembang aplikasinya. Hal ini dikarenakan fungsi radio sebagai salah satu

media transmisi komunikasi yang memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan

media transmisi lain seperti kabel dan serat optic. Keunggulan itu diantaranya

biaya pemasangan yang mudah dan tidak membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi, area

cakupan yang cukup luas serta pembangunannya yang dapat dilakukan secara

bertahap..

Kepolisian Republik Indonesia memiliki suatu jaringan komunikasi

private seluruh Indonesia yang digunakan dan terus dikembangkan sampai saat

ini. Jaringan komunikasi tersebut saat ini telah dimanfaatkan untuk fasilitas voice,

data, image, video conference dan lain lain. Seluruh fasilitas tersebut ditujukan

untuk tujuan koordinasi seluruh daerah di Indonesia dengan Markas Besar Polri

yang berkedudukan di Jakarta.

Saat ini Kepolisian Republik Indonesia sedang gencar melakukan

expansi jaringan radionya terutama daerah pulau Sumatra lebih khususnya daerah

propinsi Sumatra Barat. Seperti halnya operator-operator telekomunikasi,

kepolisian Republik Indonesia pun memiliki titik-titik pemancar & penerima,

yang memiliki area-area tersendiri dalam suatu propinsi, dalam hal ini terminal

bergerak yang digunakan adalah HT. Agar radio-radio tersebut dapat saling

berkomunikasi dengan jarak yang jauh, maka suatu hubungan link transmisi

microwave. Sehingga mereka dapat saling berhungan walau mereka tidah berada

dalam suatu wilayah.

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

BAB I Pendahuluan 2

Dari segi teknis, saat ini di area Polda Sumatra Barat memiliki setidaknya

6 titik link yang telah dihubungkan agar seluruh komunikasi radio HT di wilayah

Polda Sumatra Barat dapat saling dikoordinasikan, yaitu :

• Bukit Gado – Bukit Gompong

• Bukit Gompong – Silungkang

• Mapolda Padang-Bukit Gado

• Silungkang-Tanjung Mas

• Silungkang-Tanjung Lolo

• Tanjung Mas-Singgalang

Dalam analisa, nantinya tugas akhir ini akan membandingkan antara hasil

implementasi link transmisi microwave dibandingkan dengan apabila link tersebut

dihitung secara teoritis yang kadang-kadang faktor-faktor tertentu tidak

diperhitungkan atau diabaikan. Diharapkan dari hasil akhir analisa tersebut, dapat

memberi masukan kepada pihak kepolisian daerah Sumatra Barat mengenai

infrastruktur yang telah dibangun beberpara waktu belakangan ini mengenai link

mana yang memerlukan perhatian apabila kinerjanya tidak optimal.

1.2 Permasalahan

1.2.1 Perumusan Masalah

Adapun rumusan masalah pada tugas akhir ini adalah:

1. Melakukan perhitungan secara teoritis tentang parameter-parameter link

transmisi yang bergantung pada perangkat yang digunakan, dalam hal ini

digunakan merek Siae Microelectronica AL-7 sebagai perangkat yang

digunakan dalam mengimplementasi link-link transmisi tersebut.

2. Melakukan analisa terhadap kondisi path loss pada 6 link yang dimiliki

kepolisian wilayah Sumatra Barat.

3. Melakukan analisa perbandingan nilai RSL yang didapat di lapangan

dengan RSL hasil perhitungan teori.

4. Melakukan analisa berdasarkan fading margin dengan availability 99,99%,

99,995% dan 99,999%

5. Melakukan analisa berdasarkan perubahan parameter-parameter daya dan

antena.

Analisa Kinerja Radio Link Transmisi Microwave Pada Jaringan Komunikasi Kepolisian Daerah Sumatra Barat

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

BAB I Pendahuluan 3

6. Melakukan analisa fading margin terhadap redaman hujan.

7. Melakukan analisa terhadar BER

8. Melakukan analisa terhadap kapasitas kanal yang tersedia.

1.2. 2 Pembatasan Masalah

Agar dalam pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini diperoleh hasil yang optimal,

maka masalah akan dibatasi sebagai berikut :

1. Link transmisi yang dibahas meliputi 6 link yang terletak di area Sumatra

Barat..

2. Frekuensi yang digunakan berada diantara 7-8 GHz.

3. Link transmisi microwave ini digunakan sebagai carrier sinyal digital

voice.

4. RSL threshold (receiver sensitifity) tergantung pada spesifikasi BER yang

diminta dan perangkat yang dipakai pada link yang bersangkutan.

5. Perbandingan hasil adalah perbandingan RSL antara hasil perhitungan

secara teori dengan hasil pengambilan data di lapangan.

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian

Tujuan penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini yaitu untuk menganalisa kinerja, link

transmisi microwave pada jaringan komunikasi Kepolisian Daerah Sumatra Barat

serta memberi solusi apabila implementasi dari link microwave tersebut terdapat

permasalahan. Serta memberi saran yang membangun untuk kondisi yang lebih

efisien.

1.4 Metode Penelitian

Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada tugas akhir ini adalah

1. Mempelajari dokumen-dokumen tugas akhir, thesis, dissertasion, jurnal,

draft, serta artikel yang menunjang pengerjaan tugas akhir ini.

2. Mengumpulkan data lapangan & data perangkat yang digunakan untuk

kemudian dikaji dan dianalisa.

3. Konsultasi dengan pembimbing untuk mengetahui metode analisis yang

tepat berdasarkan kondisi yang ada dilapangan

Analisa Kinerja Radio Link Transmisi Microwave Pada Jaringan Komunikasi Kepolisian Daerah Sumatra Barat

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

BAB I Pendahuluan 4

4. Melakukan perhitungan teoritis sesuai dengan data yang ada

5. Melakukan analisa perbandingan antara data yang diperoleh dari lapangan

dengan hasil perhitungan teoritis.

1.5 Sistematika Penulisan

Adapun sistematika penulisan Tugas Akhir ini adalah sebagai berikut :

BAB I : PENDAHULUAN Memuat tentang latar belakang, perumusan masalah, tujuan

penelitian, metode penelitian serta sistematika penelitian

BAB II : DASAR TEORI

Memuat tentang teori sistem telekomunikasi, konsep

transmisi, perhitungan link budget yang akan digunakan

dalam penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini.

BAB III : DATA LAPANGAN DAN PERHITUNGAN TEORI

Memuat tentang data dari lapangan dan pemodelan sistem

perencanaan menurut teori secara keseluruhan.

BAB IV : ANALISA KINERJA LINK TRANSMISI

Memuat tentang analisa dari perhitungan dibandingkan

dengan data yang diperoleh dari lapangan.

BAB V : KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN Memuat tentang kesimpulan hasil analisa performansi link

transmisi microwave Polda Sumatra Barat..

Analisa Kinerja Radio Link Transmisi Microwave Pada Jaringan Komunikasi Kepolisian Daerah Sumatra Barat

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AL7-001.fh8 21-10-2003 10:40 Pagina 1

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AL7AL7 is a “fully programmable” PDH Radio Equipment, working in the7,11 ÷ 7,90 GHz Frequency Band; it has been designed in order tomeet any low & medium capacity transmission need with a widerange of available interfaces. AL7 is a “split-mount” Equipment,supporting all PDH traffic capacities ranging from 2 Mbit/s up to16x2 Mbit/s (or 34 Mbit/s). 32x2/2x34 Mbit/s version is alsoavailable with 16 QAM Modulation. Ethernet/Fast Ethernet LANinterfaces are also supported.

siae microelettronica s.p.a.

Via M. Buonarroti, 21 • 20093 Cologno Monzese, Milano, Italy • Phone +(39)0227325.1 • Fax +(39)0225391585 • e-mail siaemi@siaemic.it • Website www.siaemic.it

• Base-Band High Circuit Integration• Excellent Radio-Electrical Performances• Full Software Programmability• Large Commonalities between Equipment Modules• Excellent Reliability

AccessLink Family

OUTDOOR UNIT

The Outdoor Unit (ODU) is an extremely compact andlight weatherproof (IP65) box, designed for easy andquick deployment

• Fully Synthesized Microwave Unit• MMIC Technology• Full Software Programmability of main RF Parameters• Extended (Software) Frequency Agility• Configuration Independent (Same ODU for both 1+0

and 1+1 Conf.)• Capacity Independent (Same ODU for all Capacities)• Excellent short and long term Frequency Stability• Modulation Independent (same ODU for 4 QAM

and 16 QAM)• Built-in ATPC functionality

INDOOR UNITThe Indoor Unit (IDU) carries payload traffic and auxiliarysignals and is frequency and modulation independent

• Same IDU for all Frequency Bands• Full Digital Modem supporting 4 QAM and 16 QAM

Modulations (Software selectable)• Software programming of System Parameters (RF channel,

Tx Power, etc.)• Hitless Switching for 1+1 Configuration• 19” Mechanical arrangement (ETSI compatible)• 1+0 “Not Expandable” version: capacity from 2 Mbit/s up

to 4x2 Mbit/s (1/2 Unit Height)• 1+0 / 1+1 version: capacity 32x2 Mbit/s (2 Unit Height)• 1+0 / 1+1 “Compact” version: capacity from 2x2 Mbit/s

up to 34 / 16x2 / 2x34 Mbit/s (1 Unit Height)• 1+0 / 1+1 “Fully Duplicated” version: capacity from 2x2

Mbit/s up to 34 / 16x2 Mbit/s (2 Unit Height), supportingTributary Protection

• Laptop Interface for setting Radio Link Configuration,Parameters, Alarms, etc.

• Network Management through SNMP Protocol• Powerful FEC circuit• Extended Use of DSP Techniques• EOW and Data Interfaces• Local and Remote Loopbacks Option

ACCESS LINK FAMILY

• Advanced Microwave Technology• Reduced Power Consumptions• Extremely Compact and Light• Optimized Mechanical Solutions• Frequency range from 5 GHz up to 38 GHz

AL5* 4.40 - 5.00

AL7 7.11 - 7.90

AL8 7.70 - 8.50

AL10 10.50 - 10.70

AL11 10.70 - 11.70

AL13 12.75 - 13.25

AL14 14.25 - 14.50

AL15 14.40 - 15.35

AL18 17.70 - 19.70

AL23 21.20 - 23.60

AL25 24.50 - 26.50

AL28 27.50 - 29.50

AL32* 31.80 - 33.40

AL38 37.00 - 39.50

*Under development

INDOOR UNIT

OUTDOOR UNIT

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

AL7-001.fh8 21-10-2003 10:40 Pagina 2

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• 2G/3G Cellular Networks Infrastructure• Private data Networks (WANs, LANs, etc.)• Utility Networks (Railways, Pipelines, etc.)• Back-up transmission medium to Optic Fiber• Spur Links for Backbones/Rings• Digital Terminal Connection (PABX, etc.)• Leased Lines

AL FAMILY • Typical Applications

siae microelettronica s.p.a.

Via M. Buonarroti, 21 • 20093 Cologno Monzese, Milano, Italy • Phone +(39)0227325.1 • Fax +(39)0225391585 • e-mail siaemi@siaemic.it • Website www.siaemic.it

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• Frequency Range 7.11 ÷ 7.90 (ITU-R F.385)• RF Tuning Range (via Software) 28 MHz or 56 MHz, depending on adopted TX/RX Separation• Supported Configurations 1+0 / 1+1 MHSB / 1+1 S.D. / 1+1 F.D.• Modulation 4 QAM / 16 QAM (software selectable)• Supported Capacities (Mbit/s) 2 / 2x2 / 4x2 / 8x2 / 16x2 / 34 / 32x2 / 2x34

10 / 100 BaseT Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)• Demodulation (fully Digital) Coherent• Adjacent channel separation Capacity (Mbit/s) 2 2x2 4x2 8x2 16x2/34 32x2/2x34Frequency channel spacing (MHz) 4 QAM: 1.75 3.5 7 14 28 -

16 QAM: - 1.75 3.5 7 14 28• Output Power at point C’ 4 QAM: +27 dBm

16 QAM: +23 dBm• Receiver Sensitivity for BER 10-3 at point C (1+0 conf., RF filter losses included): Capacity (Mbit/s) 2 2x2 4x2 8x2 16x2/34 32x2/2x34 Rx Power (dBm) 4 QAM: -96 dBm -93 dBm -90 dBm -87 dBm -84 dBm -

16 QAM: - -89 dBm -86 dBm -83 dBm -80 dBm -77 dBm• Frequency Stability ± 5 ppm• Frequency Agility 250 KHz minimum step (software programmable)• ATPC 20 dB range, implemented in 1 dB steps• Transmitter Power Attenuation Software programmable, up to 40 dB in 1 dB steps• Service Channels EOW, V.11/V.28, RS232C, G.703 64 Kbit/s• IDU/ODU interconnection One 50 Ω Coaxial Cable per RT

N-type connectorsMaximum Cable length: 300 m (Heliax LDF 1/4”)

• Mechanical Dimensions:1+0 “Not Expandable” config. (W x H x D): 480 x 22 x 260 (mm)1+0 / 1+1 Standard config. (W x H x D): 480 x 45 x 260 (mm)Outdoor Unit (Wmax x Hmax x Dmax): 250 x 100 x 250 (mm)

• Power Supply - 48 Vdc – 15%, + 20%- 24 Vdc (via an add-on Panel, 1/2 Unit Height)

• Power Consumption (per Terminal) 1+0 config.: 30 W1+1 config.: 50 W

• Environmental PerformanceODU weather proofing class: IP65IDU temperature range: from –5 °C up to +50 °CODU temperature range: from –35 °C up to +55 °C

• Compliant with: ETSI EN 302 217

• Full Software Capacity Selection• Fast Installation & Commissioning• Easy Configuration Upgrade• Low Cost O&M (high Reliability and fast

restoring of replaceable Units)• Integrated G.821/G.826/G.828 Performance

Monitoring, Alarm History Log, etc.• Full Availability of O&M Tools (Loopbacks,

Switch Manual Forcing, etc.)• Extended Environmental Compatibility

AL FAMILY • Characteristics

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.itTugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Microwave AntennasV

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sProduct Specification

VHP6A-746 ft. ValuLine high performance antenna for 7.425-7.900 GHz single pol. feed

Customer Support Center:From North America: 1-800-255-1479International: +1-708-873-2307

This Specification Sheet is for reference only and is subject to change without notice.Copyright © 2002 by Andrew Corporation, Printed in the U.S.A.

www.andrew.com

Specifications

Frequency (GHz) 7.425-7.900Catalog 38 Part Number VHP6A-74Antenna Inputs CPR112G,PDR84Polarization SingleDiameter ft(m) 6 (1.8)Radiation Pattern Envelope File 3319Gain (dBi) Low End 40.2Gain (dBi) Midband 40.4Gain (dBi) High End 40.6Beamwidth (deg.) 1.5Cross Polarization Discrimination (dB) 32Front to Back Ratio (dB) 64VSWR 1.15Return Loss (dB) 23.1

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP6A-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP6A-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

A 76.5 (1945)B 34.7 (881)C 12.75 (325)D 18.8 (476)E 9.7 (246)F 26.5 (675)G 7.65 (195)H 2.25 (60)IJ 5.4 (137)K 26.5 (675)L 11.75 (300)M 19.1 (488)N 29.1 (740)OPQRSTU

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Microwave AntennasV

aluL

ine®

Ant

enna

Pro

duct

sProduct Specification

VHP4-744 ft. ValuLine high performance antenna for 7.425-7.900 GHz single pol. feed

Customer Support Center:From North America: 1-800-255-1479International: +1-708-873-2307

This Specification Sheet is for reference only and is subject to change without notice.Copyright © 2002 by Andrew Corporation, Printed in the U.S.A.

www.andrew.com

Specifications

Frequency (GHz) 7.425-7.900Catalog 38 Part Number VHP4-74Antenna Inputs CPR112G,PDR84Polarization SingleDiameter ft(m) 4 (1.2)Radiation Pattern Envelope File 1332Gain (dBi) Low End 36.2Gain (dBi) Midband 36.4Gain (dBi) High End 36.7Beamwidth (deg.) 2.3Cross Polarization Discrimination (dB) 32Front to Back Ratio (dB) 62VSWR 1.15Return Loss (dB) 23.1

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP4-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP4-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

A 16.2 (411)B 11.6 (295)C 14.2 (361)D 10.4 (264)E 21.4 (544)F 23.4 (594)G 14.7 (373)H 20.8 (528)IJ 11.1 (288)K 6.5 (165)L 49.1 (1247)MNOPQRSTU

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Microwave AntennasV

aluL

ine®

Ant

enna

Pro

duct

sProduct Specification

VHP2-742 ft. ValuLine high performance antenna for 7.425-7.900 GHz single pol. feed

Customer Support Center:From North America: 1-800-255-1479International: +1-708-873-2307

This Specification Sheet is for reference only and is subject to change without notice.Copyright © 2002 by Andrew Corporation, Printed in the U.S.A.

www.andrew.com

Specifications

Frequency (GHz) 7.425-7.900Catalog 38 Part Number VHP2-74Antenna Inputs CPR112G,PDR84Polarization SingleDiameter ft(m) 2 (0.6)Radiation Pattern Envelope File 1328Gain (dBi) Low End 30.1Gain (dBi) Midband 30.4Gain (dBi) High End 30.6Beamwidth (deg.) 4.8Cross Polarization Discrimination (dB) 30Front to Back Ratio (dB) 40VSWR 1.15Return Loss (dB) 23.1

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP2-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Antenna Dimensions - VHP2-74

ANDREW CORPORATION10500 W. 153rd StreetOrland Park, Illinois U.S.A. 60462

Corporate Web Site: http://www.andrew.comCustomer Service Center: 1-800-255-1479

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Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Erlang B Traffic Table

Maximum Offered Load Versus B and NB is in %

N/B 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1.0 2 5 10 15 20 30 40

1 .0001 .0005 .0010 .0050 .0101 .0204 .0526 .1111 .1765 .2500 .4286 .66672 .0142 .0321 .0458 .1054 .1526 .2235 .3813 .5954 .7962 1.000 1.449 2.0003 .0868 .1517 .1938 .3490 .4555 .6022 .8994 1.271 1.603 1.930 2.633 3.4804 .2347 .3624 .4393 .7012 .8694 1.092 1.525 2.045 2.501 2.945 3.891 5.0215 .4520 .6486 .7621 1.132 1.361 1.657 2.219 2.881 3.454 4.010 5.189 6.596

6 .7282 .9957 1.146 1.622 1.909 2.276 2.960 3.758 4.445 5.109 6.514 8.1917 1.054 1.392 1.579 2.158 2.501 2.935 3.738 4.666 5.461 6.230 7.856 9.8008 1.422 1.830 2.051 2.730 3.128 3.627 4.543 5.597 6.498 7.369 9.213 11.429 1.826 2.302 2.558 3.333 3.783 4.345 5.370 6.546 7.551 8.522 10.58 13.05

10 2.260 2.803 3.092 3.961 4.461 5.084 6.216 7.511 8.616 9.685 11.95 14.68

11 2.722 3.329 3.651 4.610 5.160 5.842 7.076 8.487 9.691 10.86 13.33 16.3112 3.207 3.878 4.231 5.279 5.876 6.615 7.950 9.474 10.78 12.04 14.72 17.9513 3.713 4.447 4.831 5.964 6.607 7.402 8.835 10.47 11.87 13.22 16.11 19.6014 4.239 5.032 5.446 6.663 7.352 8.200 9.730 11.47 12.97 14.41 17.50 21.2415 4.781 5.634 6.077 7.376 8.108 9.010 10.63 12.48 14.07 15.61 18.90 22.89

16 5.339 6.250 6.722 8.100 8.875 9.828 11.54 13.50 15.18 16.81 20.30 24.5417 5.911 6.878 7.378 8.834 9.652 10.66 12.46 14.52 16.29 18.01 21.70 26.1918 6.496 7.519 8.046 9.578 10.44 11.49 13.39 15.55 17.41 19.22 23.10 27.8419 7.093 8.170 8.724 10.33 11.23 12.33 14.32 16.58 18.53 20.42 24.51 29.5020 7.701 8.831 9.412 11.09 12.03 13.18 15.25 17.61 19.65 21.64 25.92 31.15

21 8.319 9.501 10.11 11.86 12.84 14.04 16.19 18.65 20.77 22.85 27.33 32.8122 8.946 10.18 10.81 12.64 13.65 14.90 17.13 19.69 21.90 24.06 28.74 34.4623 9.583 10.87 11.52 13.42 14.47 15.76 18.08 20.74 23.03 25.28 30.15 36.1224 10.23 11.56 12.24 14.20 15.30 16.63 19.03 21.78 24.16 26.50 31.56 37.7825 10.88 12.26 12.97 15.00 16.13 17.51 19.99 22.83 25.30 27.72 32.97 39.44

26 11.54 12.97 13.70 15.80 16.96 18.38 20.94 23.89 26.43 28.94 34.39 41.1027 12.21 13.69 14.44 16.60 17.80 19.27 21.90 24.94 27.57 30.16 35.80 42.7628 12.88 14.41 15.18 17.41 18.64 20.15 22.87 26.00 28.71 31.39 37.21 44.4129 13.56 15.13 15.93 18.22 19.49 21.04 23.83 27.05 29.85 32.61 38.63 46.0730 14.25 15.86 16.68 19.03 20.34 21.93 24.80 28.11 31.00 33.84 40.05 47.74

31 14.94 16.60 17.44 19.85 21.19 22.83 25.77 29.17 32.14 35.07 41.46 49.4032 15.63 17.34 18.21 20.68 22.05 23.73 26.75 30.24 33.28 36.30 42.88 51.0633 16.34 18.09 18.97 21.51 22.91 24.63 27.72 31.30 34.43 37.52 44.30 52.7234 17.04 18.84 19.74 22.34 23.77 25.53 28.70 32.37 35.58 38.75 45.72 54.3835 17.75 19.59 20.52 23.17 24.64 26.44 29.68 33.43 36.72 39.99 47.14 56.04

36 18.47 20.35 21.30 24.01 25.51 27.34 30.66 34.50 37.87 41.22 48.56 57.7037 19.19 21.11 22.08 24.85 26.38 28.25 31.64 35.57 39.02 42.45 49.98 59.3738 19.91 21.87 22.86 25.69 27.25 29.17 32.62 36.64 40.17 43.68 51.40 61.0339 20.64 22.64 23.65 26.53 28.13 30.08 33.61 37.72 41.32 44.91 52.82 62.6940 21.37 23.41 24.44 27.38 29.01 31.00 34.60 38.79 42.48 46.15 54.24 64.35

41 22.11 24.19 25.24 28.23 29.89 31.92 35.58 39.86 43.63 47.38 55.66 66.0242 22.85 24.97 26.04 29.09 30.77 32.84 36.57 40.94 44.78 48.62 57.08 67.6843 23.59 25.75 26.84 29.94 31.66 33.76 37.57 42.01 45.94 49.85 58.50 69.34

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

44 24.33 26.53 27.64 30.80 32.54 34.68 38.56 43.09 47.09 51.09 59.92 71.0145 25.08 27.32 28.45 31.66 33.43 35.61 39.55 44.17 48.25 52.32 61.35 72.67

46 25.83 28.11 29.26 32.52 34.32 36.53 40.55 45.24 49.40 53.56 62.77 74.3347 26.59 28.90 30.07 33.38 35.22 37.46 41.54 46.32 50.56 54.80 64.19 76.0048 27.34 29.70 30.88 34.25 36.11 38.39 42.54 47.40 51.71 56.03 65.61 77.6649 28.10 30.49 31.69 35.11 37.00 39.32 43.53 48.48 52.87 57.27 67.04 79.3250 28.87 31.29 32.51 35.98 37.90 40.26 44.53 49.56 54.03 58.51 68.46 80.99

51 29.63 32.09 33.33 36.85 38.80 41.19 45.53 50.64 55.19 59.75 69.88 82.6552 30.40 32.90 34.15 37.72 39.70 42.12 46.53 51.73 56.35 60.99 71.31 84.3253 31.17 33.70 34.98 38.60 40.60 43.06 47.53 52.81 57.50 62.22 72.73 85.9854 31.94 34.51 35.80 39.47 41.51 44.00 48.54 53.89 58.66 63.46 74.15 87.6555 32.72 35.32 36.63 40.35 42.41 44.94 49.54 54.98 59.82 64.70 75.58 89.31

56 33.49 36.13 37.46 41.23 43.32 45.88 50.54 56.06 60.98 65.94 77.00 90.9757 34.27 36.95 38.29 42.11 44.22 46.82 51.55 57.14 62.14 67.18 78.43 92.6458 35.05 37.76 39.12 42.99 45.13 47.76 52.55 58.23 63.31 68.42 79.85 94.3059 35.84 38.58 39.96 43.87 46.04 48.70 53.56 59.32 64.47 69.66 81.27 95.9760 36.62 39.40 40.80 44.76 46.95 49.64 54.57 60.40 65.63 70.90 82.70 97.63

61 37.41 40.22 41.63 45.64 47.86 50.59 55.57 61.49 66.79 72.14 84.12 99.3062 38.20 41.05 42.47 46.53 48.77 51.53 56.58 62.58 67.95 73.38 85.55 101.063 38.99 41.87 43.31 47.42 49.69 52.48 57.59 63.66 69.11 74.63 86.97 102.664 39.78 42.70 44.16 48.31 50.60 53.43 58.60 64.75 70.28 75.87 88.40 104.365 40.58 43.52 45.00 49.20 51.52 54.38 59.61 65.84 71.44 77.11 89.82 106.0

66 41.38 44.35 45.85 50.09 52.44 55.33 60.62 66.93 72.60 78.35 91.25 107.667 42.17 45.18 46.69 50.98 53.35 56.28 61.63 68.02 73.77 79.59 92.67 109.368 42.97 46.02 47.54 51.87 54.27 57.23 62.64 69.11 74.93 80.83 94.10 111.069 43.77 46.85 48.39 52.77 55.19 58.18 63.65 70.20 76.09 82.08 95.52 112.670 44.58 47.68 49.24 53.66 56.11 59.13 64.67 71.29 77.26 83.32 96.95 114.3

71 45.38 48.52 50.09 54.56 57.03 60.08 65.68 72.38 78.42 84.56 98.37 116.072 46.19 49.36 50.94 55.46 57.96 61.04 66.69 73.47 79.59 85.80 99.80 117.673 47.00 50.20 51.80 56.35 58.88 61.99 67.71 74.56 80.75 87.05 101.2 119.374 47.81 51.04 52.65 57.25 59.80 62.95 68.72 75.65 81.92 88.29 102.7 120.975 48.62 51.88 53.51 58.15 60.73 63.90 69.74 76.74 83.08 89.53 104.1 122.6

76 49.43 52.72 54.37 59.05 61.65 64.86 70.75 77.83 84.25 90.78 105.5 124.377 50.24 53.56 55.23 59.96 62.58 65.81 71.77 78.93 85.41 92.02 106.9 125.978 51.05 54.41 56.09 60.86 63.51 66.77 72.79 80.02 86.58 93.26 108.4 127.679 51.87 55.25 56.95 61.76 64.43 67.73 73.80 81.11 87.74 94.51 109.8 129.380 52.69 56.10 57.81 62.67 65.36 68.69 74.82 82.20 88.91 95.75 111.2 130.9

81 53.51 56.95 58.67 63.57 66.29 69.65 75.84 83.30 90.08 96.99 112.6 132.682 54.33 57.80 59.54 64.48 67.22 70.61 76.86 84.39 91.24 98.24 114.1 134.383 55.15 58.65 60.40 65.39 68.15 71.57 77.87 85.48 92.41 99.48 115.5 135.984 55.97 59.50 61.27 66.29 69.08 72.53 78.89 86.58 93.58 100.7 116.9 137.685 56.79 60.35 62.14 67.20 70.02 73.49 79.91 87.67 94.74 102.0 118.3 139.3

86 57.62 61.21 63.00 68.11 70.95 74.45 80.93 88.77 95.91 103.2 119.8 140.987 58.44 62.06 63.87 69.02 71.88 75.42 81.95 89.86 97.08 104.5 121.2 142.688 59.27 62.92 64.74 69.93 72.82 76.38 82.97 90.96 98.25 105.7 122.6 144.389 60.10 63.77 65.61 70.84 73.75 77.34 83.99 92.05 99.41 107.0 124.0 145.990 60.92 64.63 66.48 71.76 74.68 78.31 85.01 93.15 100.6 108.2 125.5 147.6

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

91 61.75 65.49 67.36 72.67 75.62 79.27 86.04 94.24 101.8 109.4 126.9 149.392 62.58 66.35 68.23 73.58 76.56 80.24 87.06 95.34 102.9 110.7 128.3 150.993 63.42 67.21 69.10 74.50 77.49 81.20 88.08 96.43 104.1 111.9 129.8 152.694 64.25 68.07 69.98 75.41 78.43 82.17 89.10 97.53 105.3 113.2 131.2 154.395 65.08 68.93 70.85 76.33 79.37 83.13 90.12 98.63 106.4 114.4 132.6 155.9

96 65.92 69.79 71.73 77.24 80.31 84.10 91.15 99.72 107.6 115.7 134.0 157.697 66.75 70.65 72.61 78.16 81.25 85.07 92.17 100.8 108.8 116.9 135.5 159.398 67.59 71.52 73.48 79.07 82.18 86.04 93.19 101.9 109.9 118.2 136.9 160.999 68.43 72.38 74.36 79.99 83.12 87.00 94.22 103.0 111.1 119.4 138.3 162.6

100 69.27 7~.25 75.24 80.91 84.06 87.97 95.24 104.1 112.3 120.6 139.7 164.3

N is the number of servers. The numerical column headings indicate blocking probability B in %. Table generated by Dan Dexter

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Erlang C Traffic Table

Maximum Offered Load Versus B and NB is in %

N/B 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1.0 2 5 10 15 20 30 40

1 .0001 .0005 .0010 .0050 .0100 .0200 .0500 .1000 .1500 .2000 .3000 .40002 .0142 .0319 .0452 .1025 .1465 .2103 .3422 .5000 .6278 .7403 .9390 1.1173 .0860 .1490 .1894 .3339 .4291 .5545 .7876 1.040 1.231 1.393 1.667 1.9034 .2310 .3533 .4257 .6641 .8100 .9939 1.319 1.653 1.899 2.102 2.440 2.7255 .4428 .6289 .7342 1.065 1.259 1.497 1.905 2.313 2.607 2.847 3.241 3.569

6 .7110 .9616 1.099 1.519 1.758 2.047 2.532 3.007 3.344 3.617 4.062 4.4287 1.026 1.341 1.510 2.014 2.297 2.633 3.188 3.725 4.103 4.406 4.897 5.2988 1.382 1.758 1.958 2.543 2.866 3.246 3.869 4.463 4.878 5.210 5.744 6.1789 1.771 2.208 2.436 3.100 3.460 3.883 4.569 5.218 5.668 6.027 6.600 7.065

10 2.189 2.685 2.942 3.679 4.077 4.540 5.285 5.986 6.469 6.853 7.465 7.959

11 2.634 3.186 3.470 4.279 4.712 5.213 6.015 6.765 7.280 7.688 8.336 8.85712 3.100 3.708 4.018 4.896 5.363 5.901 6.758 7.554 8.099 8.530 9.212 9.76113 3.587 4.248 4.584 5.529 6.028 6.602 7.511 8.352 8.926 9.379 10.09 10.6714 4.092 4.805 5.166 6.175 6.705 7.313 8.273 9.158 9.760 10.23 10.98 11.5815 4.614 5.377 5.762 6.833 7.394 8.035 9.044 9.970 10.60 11.09 11.87 12.49

16 5.150 5.962 6.371 7.502 8.093 8.766 9.822 10.79 11.44 11.96 12.77 13.4117 5.699 6.560 6.991 8.182 8.801 9.505 10.61 11.61 12.29 12.83 13.66 14.3318 6.261 7.169 7.622 8.871 9.518 10.25 11.40 12.44 13.15 13.70 14.56 15.2519 6.835 7.788 8.263 9.568 10.24 11.01 12.20 13.28 14.01 14.58 15.47 16.1820 7.419 8.417 8.914 10.27 10.97 11.77 13.00 14.12 14.87 15.45 16.37 17.10

21 8.013 9.055 9.572 10.99 11.71 12.53 13.81 14.96 15.73 16.34 17.28 18.0322 8.616 9.702 10.24 11.70 12.46 13.30 14.62 15.81 16.60 17.22 18.19 18.9623 9.228 10.36 10.91 12.43 13.21 14.08 15.43 16.65 17.47 18.11 19.10 19.8924 9.848 11.02 11.59 13.16 13.96 14.86 16.25 17.51 18.35 19.00 20.02 20.8225 10.48 11.69 12.28 13.90 14.72 15.65 17.08 18.36 19.22 19.89 20.93 21.76

26 11.11 12.36 12.97 14.64 15.49 16.44 17.91 19.22 20.10 20.79 21.85 22.6927 11.75 13.04 13.67 15.38 16.26 17.23 18.74 20.08 20.98 21.68 22.77 23.6328 12.40 13.73 14.38 16.14 17.03 18.03 19.57 20.95 21.87 22.58 23.69 24.5729 13.05 14.42 15.09 16.89 17.81 18.83 20.41 21.82 22.75 23.48 24.61 25.5030 13.71 15.12 15.80 17.65 18.59 19.64 21.25 22.68 23.64 24.38 25.54 26.44

31 14.38 15.82 16.52 18.42 19.37 20.45 22.09 23.56 24.53 25.29 26.46 27.3832 15.05 16.53 17.25 19.18 20.16 21.26 22.93 24.43 25.42 26.19 27.39 28.3333 15.72 17.24 17.97 19.95 20.95 22.07 23.78 25.30 26.32 27.10 28.31 29.2734 16.40 17.95 18.71 20.73 21.75 22.89 24.63 26.18 27.21 28.01 29.24 30.2135 17.09 18.67 19.44 21.51 22.55 23.71 25.48 27.06 28.11 28.92 30.17 31.16

36 17.78 19.39 20.18 22.29 23.35 24.53 26.34 27.94 29.00 29.83 31.10 32.1037 18.47 20.12 20.92 23.07 24.15 25.36 27.19 28.82 29.90 30.74 32.03 33.0538 19.17 20.85 21.67 23.86 24.96 26.18 28.05 29.71 30.80 31.65 32.97 34.0039 19.87 21.59 22.42 24.65 25.77 27.01 28.91 30.59 31.71 32.57 33.90 34.9440 20.58 22.33 23.17 25.44 26.58 27.84 29.77 31.48 32.61 33.48 34.83 35.89

41 21.28 23.07 23.93 26.23 27.39 28.68 30.63 32.37 33.51 34.40 35.77 36.8442 22.00 23.81 24.69 27.03 28.21 29.51 31.50 33.26 34.42 35.32 36.70 37.7943 22.71 24.56 25.45 27.83 29.02 30.35 32.36 34.15 35.33 36.23 37.64 38.74

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

44 23.43 25.31 26.22 28.63 29.84 31.19 33.23 35.04 36.23 37.15 38.58 39.6945 24.15 26.06 26.98 29.44 30.67 32.03 34.10 35.93 37.14 38.07 39.51 40.64

46 24.88 26.82 27.75 30.24 31.49 32.87 34.97 36.83 38.05 39.00 40.45 41.5947 25.60 27.57 28.52 31.05 32.32 33.72 35.84 37.72 38.96 39.92 41.39 42.5448 26.34 28.33 29.30 31.86 33.14 34.56 36.72 38.62 39.87 40.84 42.33 43.5049 27.07 29.10 30.08 32.68 33.97 35.41 37.59 39.52 40.79 41.76 43.27 44.4550 27.80 29.86 30.86 33.49 34.80 36.26 38.47 40.42 41.70 4?,69 44.21 45.40

51 28.54 30.63 31.64 34.31 35.64 37.11 39.35 41.32 42.61 43.61 45.15 46.3652 29.28 31.40 32.42 35.12 36.47 37.97 40.23 42.22 43.53 44.54 46.10 47.3153 30.03 32.17 33.21 35.94 37.31 38.82 41.10 43.12 44.44 45.47 47.04 48.2754 30.77 32.95 33.99 36.76 38.15 39.67 41.99 44.02 45.36 46.39 47.98 49.2255 31.52 33.72 34.78 37.59 38.99 40.53 42.87 44.93 46.28 47.32 48.93 50.18

56 32.27 34.50 35.57 38.41 39.83 41.39 43.75 45.83 47.20 48.25 49.87 51.1357 33.03 35.28 36.37 39.24 40.67 42.25 44.64 46.74 48.12 49.18 50.82 52.0958 33.78 36.06 37.16 40.07 41.51 43.11 45.52 47.64 49.04 50.11 51.76 53.0559 34.54 36.85 37.96 40.90 42.36 43.97 46.41 48.55 49.96 51.04 52.71 54.0160 35.30 37.63 38.76 41.73 43.20 44.83 47.29 49.46 50.88 51.97 53.65 54.96

61 36.06 38.42 39.56 42.56 44.05 45.70 48.18 50.37 51.80 52.90 54.60 55.9262 36.82 39.21 40.36 43.39 44.90 46.56 49.07 51.27 52.72 53.83 55.55 56.8863 37.59 40.00 41.16 44.23 45.75 47.43 49.96 52.18 53.64 54.77 56.49 57.8464 38.35 40.80 41.97 45.06 46.60 48.30 50.85 53.10 54.57 55.70 57.44 58.8065 39.12 41.59 42.78 45.90 47.45 49.16 51.74 54.01 55.49 56.63 58.39 59.76

66 39.89 42.39 43.58 46.74 48.30 50.03 52.64 54.92 56.42 57.57 59.34 60.7267 40.66 43.18 44.39 47.58 49.16 50.90 53.53 55.83 57.34 58.50 60.29 61.6868 41.44 43.98 45.20 48.42 50.01 51.77 54.42 56.75 58.27 59.44 61.24 62.6469 42.21 44.78 46.02 49.26 50.87 52.65 55.32 57.66 59.20 60.37 62.19 63.6070 42.99 45.58 46.83 50.10 51.73 53.52 56.21 58.57 60.12 61.31 63.14 64.56

71 43.77 46.39 47.64 50.95 52.59 54.39 57.11 59.49 61.05 62.25 64.09 65.5272 44.55 47.19 48.46 51.79 53.45 55.27 58.01 60.41 61.98 63.18 65.04 66.4873 45.33 48.00 49.28 52.64 54.31 56.14 58.90 61.32 62.91 64.12 65.99 67.4474 46.11 48.81 50.10 53.49 55.17 57.02 59.80 62.24 63.84 65.06 66.94 68.4075 46.90 49.61 50.92 54.34 56.03 57.90 60.70 63.16 64.76 66.00 67.89 69.37

76 47.68 50.42 51.74 55.19 56.89 58.78 61.60 64.07 65.69 66.94 68.85 70.3377 48.47 51.23 52.56 56.04 57.76 59.65 62.50 64.99 66.63 67.88 69.80 71.2978 49.26 52.05 53.38 56.89 58.62 60.53 63.40 65.91 67.56 68.82 70.75 72.2579 50.05 52.86 54.21 57.74 59.49 61.41 64.30 66.83 68.49 69.76 71.70 73.2280 50.84 53.68 55.03 58.60 60.36 62.30 65.21 67.75 69.42 70.70 72.66 74.18

81 51.63 54.49 55.86 59.45 61.22 63.18 66.11 68.67 70.35 71.64 73.61 75.1482 52.43 55.31 56.69 60.30 62.09 64.06 67.01 69.59 71.28 72.58 74.57 76.1183 53.22 56.13 57.52 61.16 62.96 64.94 67.92 70.52 72.22 73.52 75.52 77.0784 54.02 56.95 58.35 62.02 63.83 65.83 68.82 71.44 73.15 74.46 76.47 78.0485 54.81 57.77 59.18 62.88 64.70 66.71 69.73 72.36 74.08 75.40 77.43 79.00

86 55.61 58.59 60.01 63.73 65.57 67.60 70.63 73.28 75.02 76.35 78.38 79.9787 56.41 59.41 60.84 64.59 66.45 68.48 71.54 74.21 75.95 77.29 79.34 80.9388 57.21 60.23 61.67 65.45 67.32 69.37 72.45 75.13 76.89 78.23 80.30 81.9089 58.02 61.06 62.51 66.32 68.19 70.26 73.35 76.06 77.82 79.18 81.25 82.8690 58.82 61.88 63.34 67.18 69.07 71.15 74.26 76.98 78.76 80.12 82.21 83.83

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

91 59.62 62.71 64.18 68.04 69.94 72.04 75.17 77.91 79.69 81.06 83.16 84.7992 60.43 63.54 65.02 68.90 70.82 72.92 76.08 78.83 80.63 82.01 84.12 85.7693 61.23 64.36 65.86 69.77 71.70 73.81 76.99 79.76 81.57 82.95 85.08 86.7394 62.04 65.19 66.70 70.63 72.57 74.71 77.90 80.69 82.50 83.90 86.03 87.6995 62.85 66.02 67.54 71.50 73.45 75.60 78.81 81.61 83.44 84.84 86.99 88.66

96 63.66 66.85 68.38 72.36 74.33 76.49 79.72 82.54 84.38 85.79 87.95 89.6297 64.47 67.69 69.22 73.23 75.21 77.38 80.63 83.47 85.32 86.74 88.91 90.5998 65.28 68.52 70.06 74.10 76.09 78.27 81.54 84.39 86.26 87.68 89.87 91.5699 66.09 69.35 70.90 74.97 76.97 79.17 82.46 85.32 87.20 88.63 90.82 92.53

100 66.91 70.19 71.75 75.84 77.85 80.06 83.37 86.25 88.13 89.58 91.78 93.49

N is the number of servers. The numerical column headings indicate blocking probability B in %. Table generated by Dan Dexter

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

Poisson Traffic Table

Maximum Offered Load Versus B and NB is in %

N/B 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1.0 2 5 10 15 20 30 40

1 .0001 .0005 .0010 .0050 .0101 .0202 .0513 .1054 .1625 .2231 .3567 .51082 .0142 .0320 .0454 .1035 .1486 .2147 .3554 .5318 .6832 .8244 1.097 1.3763 .0862 .1497 .1905 .3379 .4360 .5672 .8177 1.102 1.331 1.535 1.914 2.2854 .2318 .3552 .4286 .6722 .8232 1.016 1.366 1.745 2.039 2.297 2.764 3.2115 1.078 1.279 1.530 1.970 2.433 2.785 3.090 3.634 4.148

6 .7137 .9672 1.107 1.537 1.785 2.089 2.613 3.152 3.557 3.904 4.517 5.0917 1.030 1.348 1.520 2.037 2.330 2.684 3.285 3.895 4.348 4.734 5.411 6.0398 1.387 1.768 1.971 2.571 2.906 3.307 3.981 4.656 5.155 5.576 6.312 6.9919 1.778 2.220 2.452 3.132 3.508 3.953 4.695 5.433 5.973 6.429 7.220 7.947

10 2.198 2.699 2.961 3.717 4.130 4.618 5.425 6.221 6.802 7.289 8.133 8.904

11 2.643 3.202 3.492 4.321 4.771 5.300 6.169 7.021 7.639 8.157 9.050 9.86412 3.112 3.726 4.042 4.943 5.428 5.996 6.924 7.829 8.484 9.031 9.972 10.8313 3.600 4.269 4.611 5.580 6.099 6.704 7.690 8.646 9.336 9.910 10.90 11.7914 4.106 4.828 5.195 6.231 6.782 7.424 8.464 9.470 10.19 10.79 11.82 12.7615 4.629 5.402 5.794 6.893 7.477 8.153 9.246 10.30 11.06 11.68 12.75 13.72

16 5.167 5.990 6.405 7.567 8.181 8.891 10.04 11.14 11.92 12.57 13.69 14.6917 5.718 6.590 7.028 8.251 8.895 9.638 10.83 11.98 12.79 13.47 14.62 15.6618 6.281 7.201 7.662 8.943 9.616 10.39 11.63 12.82 13.67 14.37 15.56 16.6319 6.856 7.822 8.306 9.645 10.35 11.15 12.44 13.67 14.55 15.27 16.50 17.6020 7.442 8.453 8.958 10.35 11.08 11.92 13.26 14.53 15.43 16.17 17.44 18.57

21 8.037 9.093 9.619 11.07 11.83 12.69 14.07 15.38 16.31 17.08 18.38 19.5422 8.642 9.741 10.29 11.79 12.57 13.47 14.89 16.24 17.20 17.99 19.32 20.5123 9.255 10.40 10.96 12.52 13.33 14.25 15.72 17.11 18.09 18.90 20.27 21.4824 9.876 11.06 11.65 13.26 14.09 15.04 16.55 17.98 18.98 19.81 21.21 22.4625 10.50 11.73 12.34 14.00 14.85 15.83 17.38 18.84 19.88 20.73 22.16 23.43

26 11.14 12.41 13.03 14.74 15.62 16.63 18.22 19.72 20.77 21.64 23.10 24.4127 11.78 13.09 13.73 15.49 16.40 17.43 19.06 20.59 21.67 22.56 24.05 25.3828 12.43 13.78 14.44 16.25 17.18 18.23 19.90 21.47 22.57 23.48 25.00 26.3629 13.09 14.47 15.15 17.00 17.96 19.04 20.75 22.35 23.48 24.40 25.95 27.3330 13.75 15.17 15.87 17.77 18.74 19.85 21.59 23.23 24.38 25.32 26.91 28.31

31 14.42 15.87 16.59 18.53 19.53 20.66 22.45 24.11 25.29 26.24 27.86 29.2932 15.09 16.58 17.32 19.31 20.32 21.48 23.30 25.00 26.19 27.17 28.81 30.2633 15.76 17.30 18.05 20.08 21.12 22.30 24.15 25.89 27.10 28.09 29.76 31.2434 16.44 18.01 18.78 20.86 21.92 23.12 25.01 26.77 28.01 29.02 30.72 32.2235 17.13 18.73 19.52 21.64 22.72 23.95 25.87 27.66 28.92 29.95 31.67 33.20

36 17.82 19.46 20.26 22.42 23.53 24.77 26.73 28.56 29.84 30.88 32.63 34.1837 18.52 20.19 21.01 23.21 24.33 25.60 27.60 29.45 30.75 31.81 33.59 35.1638 19.21 20.92 21.75 24.00 25.14 26.44 28.46 30.35 31.66 32.74 34.54 36.1439 19.92 21.66 22.51 24.79 25.96 27.27 29.33 31.24 32.58 33.67 35.50 37.1140 20.62 22.40 23.26 25.59 26.77 28.11 30.20 32.14 33.50 34.60 36.46 38.09

41 21.33 23.14 24.02 26.38 27.59 28.95 31.07 33.04 34.42 35.54 37.42 39.0742 22.05 23.88 24.78 27.18 28.41 29.79 31.94 33.94 35.33 36.47 38.38 40.0543 22.76 24.63 25.54 27.99 29.23 30.63 32.81 34.84 36.26 37.41 39.34 41.04

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Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

44 23.48 25.38 26.31 28.79 30.05 31.47 33.69 35.74 37.18 38.34 40.30 42.0245 24.20 26.14 27.08 29.60 30.88 32.32 34.56 36.65 38.10 39.28 41.26 43.00

46 24.93 26.90 27.85 30.41 31.71 33.17 35.44 37.55 39.02 40.22 42.22 43.9847 25.66 27.65 28.62 31.22 32.53 34.01 36.32 38.46 39.94 41.16 43.18 44.9648 26.39 28.42 29.40 32.03 33.37 34.87 37.20 39.36 40.87 42.09 44.14 45.9449 27.13 29.18 30.18 32.85 34.20 35.72 38.08 40.27 41.79 43.03 45.10 46.9250 27.86 29.95 30.96 33.66 35.03 36.57 38.97 41.18 42.72 43.97 46.06 47.90

51 28.60 30.72 31.74 34.48 35.87 37.43 39.85 42.09 43.65 44.91 47.03 48.8952 29.34 31.49 32.53 35.30 36.71 38.28 40.73 43.00 44.58 45.85 47.99 49.8753 30.09 32.26 33.31 36.13 37.55 39.14 41.62 43.91 45.50 46.80 48.95 50.8554 30.84 33.04 34.10 36.95 38.39 40.00 42.51 44.82 46.43 47.74 49.92 51.8355 31.59 33.82 34.90 37.78 39.23 40.86 43.40 45.74 47.36 48.68 50.88 52.82

56 32.34 34.60 35.69 38.60 40.07 41.72 44.29 46.65 48.29 49.63 51.85 53.8057 33.09 35.38 36.48 39.43 40.92 42.59 45.18 47.56 49.22 50.57 52.81 54.7858 33.85 36.16 37.28 40.26 41.77 43.45 46.07 48.48 50.15 51.51 53.78 55.7759 34.60 36.95 38.08 41.09 42.61 44.32 46.96 49.40 51.09 52.46 54.74 56.7560 35.36 37.73 38.88 41.93 43.46 45.18 47.85 50.31 52.02 53.40 55.71 57.73

61 36.13 38.52 39.68 42.76 44.31 46.05 48.75 51.23 52.95 54.35 56.68 58.7262 36.89 39.31 40.48 43.60 45.16 46.92 49.64 52.15 53.89 55.30 57.64 59.7063 37.66 40.11 41.29 44.43 46.02 47.79 50.54 53.07 54.82 56.24 58.61 60.6864 38.42 40.90 42.09 45.27 46.87 48.66 51.43 53.99 55.76 57.19 59.58 61.6765 39.19 41.70 42.90 46.11 47.73 49.53 52.33 54.91 56.69 58.14 60.54 62.65

66 39.96 42.49 43.71 46.95 48.58 50.41 53.23 55.83 57.63 59.08 61.51 63.6467 40.74 43.29 44.52 47.79 49.44 51.28 54.13 56.75 58.56 60.03 62.48 64.6268 41.51 44.09 45.33 48.64 50.30 52.16 55.03 57.67 59.50 60.98 63.45 65.6169 42.29 44.89 46.15 49.48 51.16 53.03 55.93 58.59 60.44 61.93 64.41 66.5970 43.07 45.70 46.96 50.33 52.02 53.91 56.83 59.52 61.37 62.88 65.38 67.58

71 43.84 46.50 47.78 51.17 52.88 54.79 57.73 60.44 62.31 63.83 66.35 68.5672 44.63 47.31 48.60 52.02 53.74 55.66 58.63 61.36 63.25 64.78 67.32 69.5473 45.41 48.11 49.42 52.87 54.60 56.54 59.54 62.29 64.19 65.73 68.29 70.5374 46.19 48.92 50.24 53.72 55.47 57.42 60.44 63.21 65.13 66.68 69.26 71.5275 46.98 49.73 51.06 54.57 56.33 58.30 61.35 64.14 66.07 67.63 70.23 72.50

76 47.76 50.54 51.88 55.42 57.20 59.19 62.25 65.06 67.01 68.58 71.20 73.4977 48.55 51.36 52.70 56.28 58.07 60.07 63.16 65.99 67.95 69.54 72.17 74.4778 49.34 52.17 53.53 57.13 58.94 60.95 64.06 66.92 68.89 70.49 73.14 75.4679 50.13 52.98 54.35 57.98 59.80 61.84 64.97 67.85 69.83 71.44 74.11 76.4480 50.92 53.80 55.18 58.84 60.67 62.72 65.88 68.77 70.77 72.39 75.08 77.43

81 51.72 54.62 56.01 59.70 61.54 63.61 66.79 69.70 71.72 73.35 76.05 78.4182 52.51 55.43 56.84 60.55 62.41 64.49 67.70 70.63 72.66 74.30 77.02 79.4083 53.31 56.25 57.67 61.41 63.29 65.38 68.60 71.56 73.60 75.25 77.99 80.3984 54.10 57.07 58.50 62.27 64.16 66.27 69.51 72.49 74.54 76.21 78.96 81.3785 54.90 57.89 59.33 63.13 65.03 67.15 70.43 73.42 75.49 77.16 79.93 82.36

86 55.70 58.72 60.16 63.99 65.91 68.04 71.34 74.35 76.43 78.11 80.91 83.3487 56.50 59.54 61.00 64.85 66.78 68.93 72.25 75.28 77.38 79.07 81.88 84.3388 57.31 60.37 61.83 65.72 67.66 69.82 73.16 76.21 78.32 80.02 82.85 85.3289 58.11 61.19 62.67 66.58 68.53 70.71 74.07 77.14 79.27 80.98 83.82 86.3090 58.91 62.02 63.51 67.44 69.41 71.61 74.98 78.08 80.21 81.93 84.79 87.29

Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi

91 59.72 62.84 64.34 68.31 70.29 72.50 75.90 79.01 81.16 82.89 85.77 88.2892 60.52 63.67 65.18 69.17 71.17 73.39 76.81 79.94 82.10 83.85 86.74 89.2693 61.33 64.50 66.02 70.04 72.05 74.28 77.73 80.88 83.05 84.80 87.71 90.2594 62.14 65.33 66.86 70.91 72.93 75.18 78.64 81.81 83.99 85.76 88.68 91.2495 62.95 66.16 67.70 71.77 73.81 76.07 79.56 82.74 84.94 86.72 89.66 92.22

96 63.76 66.99 68.55 72.64 74.69 76.97 80.47 83.68 85.89 87.67 90.63 93.2197 64.57 67.83 69.39 73.51 75.57 77.86 81.39 84.61 86.83 88.63 91.60 94.2098 65.38 68.66 70.23 74.38 76.45 78.76 82.31 85.55 87.78 89.59 92.58 95.1999 66.19 69.50 71.08 75.25 77.33 79.65 83.22 86.48 88.73 90.54 93.55 96.17

100 67.01 70.33 71.92 76.12 78.22 80.55 84.14 87.42 89.68 91.50 94.52 97.16

N is the number of servers. The numerical column headings indicate blocking probability B in %. Table generated by Dan Dexter

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

[1] Andrew Corporation. “Antenna Data Sheet”. Andrew Corporation

[2] Commserv. “Transmission,System And Planning Overview”.Telkomsel.Jakarta.

[3] Wahyudi Eko. “Analisa Kinerja Link Transmisi Microwave Pada Jaringan

Komunikasi Kepolisian Daerah Jawa Timur”. Tugas Akhir. STT Telkom.

Bandung. 2007.

[4] Fahmi, Arfianto, ”Hand Out Rekayasa Radio”. Bandung.2006.

[5] Jonatan, Gideon. “Rekayasa Transmisi Radio”.Diktat Kuliah EE 4313 STT

Telkom. Bandung. 2003

[6] Joyoboyo, Sumantri. “Perencanaan Sistem Wireless Metropolitan Area

Network Dengan Menggunakan Teknologi World Wide Interoperability For

Microwave Access (WiMAX) Pada Wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta”.

Tugas Akhir. STT Telkom. Bandung: 2005.

[7] Mufti A., Nachwan. “Sistem Komunikasi Bergerak”. Diktat Kuliah. STT

Telkom. Bandung. 2003.

[8] Naning, Sofia. “Rekayasa Trafik”. Diktat Kuliah, STT Telkom. Bandung 2004 [9] Puji Astuti, Rina. “Rekayasa Transmisi Radio”. Diktat Kuliah STT Telkom

Bandung. 2002.

[10] Rappaport, Theodore S. “Wireless Communications, Principles and Practice”.

New Jersey. Prentice-Hall Inc.1996.

[11] Ronaldo, Aria. “Analisis Penempatan BTS Pada Sistim LMDS Untuk

Mendapatkan Coverage Area Yang Optimal” Tugas Akhir. STT Telkom.

Bandung. 2005

[12] SM. “Access Link PDH Radio Family”. Siae Microelectronics. Italy. 2005.

[13] Wikipedia. “Propinsi Sumatra Barat” Wikipedia. 2007.

[14] Wikipedia. “Avi H264”. Wikipedia. 2007.

[15] Zyren,Jim and Al Petrick. “Tutorial On Link Budget Analysis”.

www.Intersil.com.1998.

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Tugas Akhir - 2007

Fakultas Teknik Elektro Program Studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi