Anacyclus Pyrethrum - Scientific Review on Usage, Dosage, Side Effects _ Examine.com

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Anacyclus pyrethrum - ScientificReview on Usage, Dosage, Side Effects| Examine.com

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Anacyclus pyrethrum is a pro-fertility and virility enhancing herb that

is currently in preliminary testing in rodents. The main bioactives in

this plant are the alkylamides (similar to Spilanthes acmella and

Maca), and preliminary evidence seems to confirm its traditional

claims of fertility and libido enhancement as well as its role as a

'brain tonic' (since it appears to have anti-amnesiac and

anti-convulsive effects).

Also Known As

Akarkara, Vajikaran Rasayana, Pellitory Root, Spanish Chamomile,

pyrethrin

Things to Note

Anacyclus pyrethrum is not involved with Pyrethrum

insecticides, as those are made from the plant Tanacetum

cinerariifolium; the similarity of the two is in name only

It has been reported (anecdotally and through practise) that

Anacyclus pyrethrum - Scientific Review on Usage, Dosage, Side Effec... about:reader?url=http://examine.com/supplements/Anacyclus+pyrethrum/

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application of Anacyclus Pyrethrum to the skin causes

reddening and warmth with some tingling

It seems that alkylamides in general (this herb, spilanthes

acmella, and maca) require daily dosing and build up over time,

but also have their effects persist for some time after

supplementation.

Kurtis Frank

Table of Contents:

1. Source and Composition

1.1. Source

Anacyclus Pyrethrum (of the family Asteraceae) is a plant and herb

from Ayurveda referred to as Akarhara (dried root extract, also

called pyrethrin[1]) or Pellitory root while being under the

classification of Vajikaran Rasayana with other virility enhancers. It

is traditionally used as an Aphrodisiac and fertility herb as well as a

brain tonic for the treatment of paralysis, hemiplegia, cephalalgia

(headache), epilepsy, and rheumatism.[2] It is also thought to

'purge' the body of toxins by stimulating blood flow to the brain and

face, and causing increased salivation and mucus flow.[3]

In other places, it is known as akarkarabh or akallaka (North Africa)


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where it originated only to later be introduced to India.[4] It is also

referred to as spanish chamomile due to looking visually similar to

the chamomile plant.

Anacyclus pyrethrum is a herb traditionally used for male vitality

and virility, with additional benefits in cognition

1.2. Composition

Anaclcus Pyrethrum tends to contain (root extract unless otherwise

specified):

13 Alkylamides mostly based off of isobutylamide[1] of which

includes N-isobutyldienediynamide (Pellitorine or Pyrethrine)

[5][6] and Anacylin[4] as the major alkylamides

Hydrocarolin[4]

Inulin[4]

Sesamin[4]

Polysaccharides in the hot water fragment of solution[3]

The known bioactives of the root extract appear to be the

alkylamides, although the composition of this plant are not well

known at this moment in time

2. Neurology

2.1. Epilepsy


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200-600mg/kg of an ethanolic anacyclus pyrethrum extract 30

minutes prior to an electroshock induced seizure appeared to exert

protective effects with the lowest dose being most effective (71.37%

recovery) but at a lower potency than 25mg/kg phenytoin.[4]

Elsewhere, a hydroalcoholic extract at 50-500mg/kg orally showed

protective effects when ingested prior to a pentylenetetrazole-

induced seizure (50-100% protection) and a higher dose

(100-1,000mg/kg) showed protection against electroshock induced

seiure (16.7-50%).[2]

The changes in oxidative biomarkers (enzymes and TBARS) as

well as acetylcholinesterase seen with seizures are reduced with

pretreatment of anacyclus pyrethrum.[2]

Anacyclus Pyrethrum appears to have anti-convulsive properties

which are seen following oral ingestion in rats

2.2. Memory and Cognition

In rats with scopolamine-induced memory impairment,

supplementation of an ethanolic extract of anacyclus pyrethrum at

50-200mg/kg was effective in preserving acquisition and retention

of memory with the 100-200mg/kg dosage being comparable in

potency to the reference drug Piracetam (200mg/kg).[7] Anacyclus

pyrethrum also appears to enhance social memory with a potency

comparable to piracetam.[7] Anti-amnesiac effects have also been

noted in rats with induced seizures (normally reduces cognitive

performance) due to the anti-convulsive properties of anacyclus

pyrethrum.[2]

This herb appears to have respectable anti-amnesiac properties,

although its pro-cognitive properties (for usage as a Nootropic)


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have not yet been evaluated and it does not appear to exceed the

reference drug in potency

3. Inflammation and Immunology

3.1. Macrophages

Anacyclus pyrethrum polysaccharide at 25-50mg/kg (I.P injection)

was able to increase the phagocytocic index of macrophages in the

range of 50-115% with 10mg/kg and 100mg/kg not being effective,

a potency greater than Citrullus colocynthis yet lesser than Alpinia

galanga.[3] When tested in vivo, 50-100mg/kg of a petroleum ether

extract was able to preserve phagocytosis in the presence of

cyclophosphamide.[8]

Anacyclus pyrethrum appears to increase phagocytosis of

macrophages and prevent their immunosuppresion

3.2. Lymphocytes

Immune cell count in spleen cells appears to be enhanced with

25-50mg/kg injections of anacyclus pyrethrum polysaccharide,

suggesting a mitogenic effect.[3]

Appears to have mitogenic effects, although it is not ascertained

which cell populations are stimulated

4. Interactions with Hormones

4.1. Testosterone

Supplementation of anacyclus pyrethrum ethanolic root extract

(50-150mg/kg) over 28 days in rats noted dose-dependent


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increases in testosterone and luteinizing hormone to approximately

two-fold of baseline (exact values not given).[1] It is though

anacyclyus works via stimulating the hypothalamus, as the

alkylaimde class of molecules (also seen in Spilanthes acmella)

have been known to work in this manner.[9]

May increase testosterone in otherwise normal rats alongside its

fertility enhancing effects

5. Interactions with Sexuality

5.1. Libido

A water extract of anacyclus pyrethrum at 50-100mg/kg over 28

days appears to possess libido enhancing properties due to

enhancing the penile erection index (202%), mounting and

intromission frequency (increases of 196-266% and 173-384%,

respectively), and latency time for mounting and intromission

(82-90% and 63-76% of baseline, respectively).[10] All parameters

follow dose and time dependence (100mg/kg outperforming

50mg/kg and 28 days outperforming 15 days) and persisted for up

to 15 days after supplementation[10] and similar values have been

noted elsewhere with the petroleum ether extract.[11]

Appears to have relatively potent libido enhancing properties

which persist for a few weeks after supplement cessation

6. Interactions with Organ Systems

6.1. Testicles

Oral ingestion of 50-150mg/kg of an ethanolic root extract of


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anacyclus pyrethrum over 28 days to male rats appears to causes

increases in the weight of the testicles (2.6-12.3%) and in particular

both the epididymus (8.6-26.1%) and seminal vesicles

(4.3-9.8%).[1] The higher doses were comparable to 0.5mg/kg

injections of testosterone and was not associated with any

abnormal histological signs[1] and similar changes have been seen

with a lyophilized water extract[10] and petroleum ether extract.[11]

In regards to semen the above doses have been noted to increase

sperm motility, viability, fructose content, and count.[1]

There appear to be increases in testicular weight and seminal

parameters suggest increased fertility in male rats

6.2. Prostate

In rats, oral ingestion of 50-150mg/kg of an ethanolic root extract of

anacyclus pyrethrum over 28 days appears to increase the weight

of the prostate (7.5-21.5%) associated with androgenic activity.[1]

This has been noted elsewhere to a similar but slightly lesser

degree.[10][11]

There appears to be an increase in prostate weight associated

with this herb, possibly related to the androgenic activities

7. Safety and Toxicology

7.1. General

300-2,000mg/kg of the ethanolic root extract failed to acutely kill

any rats within 24 hours of observation[4] and elsewhere a study

noting that '50mg/kg and 100mg/kg were 1/20th and 1/10th of the


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LD50 suggest that this value has been established at 1,000mg/kg

for longterm use (of the petroleum root extract).[8] However, a more

prolonged study (90 days) using 1,000mg/kg of the ethanolic

extract in rats failed to find any evidence of toxicity.[12]

Toxicological data is preliminary and by no means expansive, but

currently it seems like the dosages used for supplements are not

associated with any lethality

References

Sharma V, et al Androgenic and Spermatogenic Activity of

Alkylamide-Rich Ethanol Solution Extract of Anacyclus

pyrethrum DC . Phytother Res. (2012)

1.

Pahuja M, et al Root extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum

ameliorates seizures, seizure-induced oxidative stress and

cognitive impairment in experimental animals . Epilepsy Res.

(2012)

2.

Bendjeddou D, Lalaoui K, Satta D Immunostimulating activity of

the hot water-soluble polysaccharide extracts of Anacyclus

pyrethrum, Alpinia galanga and Citrullus colocynthis . J

Ethnopharmacol. (2003)

3.

ANTICONVULSANT AND MYORELAXATION ACTIVITY OF

ANACYCLUS PYRETHRUM DC. (AKARKARA) ROOT

EXTRACT

4.

Isolation and Structure of an N-isoButyldienediynamide from

Pellitory (Anacyclus pyrethrum DC.)

5.


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Boonen J, et al LC-MS N-alkylamide profiling of an ethanolic

Anacyclus pyrethrum root extract . Planta Med. (2012)

6.

Memory-enhancing activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum in albino

Wistar rats

7.

Sharma V, et al Immunomodulatory activity of petroleum ether

extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum . Pharm Biol. (2010)

8.

Sharma V, et al Spilanthes acmella ethanolic flower extract:

LC-MS alkylamide profiling and its effects on sexual behavior in

male rats . Phytomedicine. (2011)

9.

Evaluation of the Anabolic, Aphrodisiac and Reproductive

Activity of Anacyclus Pyrethrum DC in Male Rats

10.

Sharma V, et al Effects of petroleum ether extract of Anacyclus

pyrethrum DC. on sexual behavior in male rats . Zhong Xi Yi Jie

He Xue Bao. (2010)

11.

Toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Anacyclus

pyrethrum in albino wistar rats

12.

(Common misspellings for Anacyclus pyrethrum include Akarhara, analcyclus,

pyrethum, pyethrum, pellory)

(Common phrases used by users for this page include ancylus pyrethrum,

anacyclus pyrethrum d.c., akarkara extract, reaserch works on anacyclus

pyrethrum, ayurvedic herbs akarkara, ANACYCLUS PYRETHRUM)

(Users who contributed to this page include magnusson, , KurtisFrank )


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