An overview of village chicken-keeping practices in Sanza ward in Singida region and proposed areas...
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Transcript of An overview of village chicken-keeping practices in Sanza ward in Singida region and proposed areas...
An overview of village chicken-
keeping practices in Sanza ward in
Singida region and proposed areas of
intervention Elpidius Rukambile1, Wende Maulaga1, Julia de Bruyn2, Brigitte Bagnol2,3,4,
Robyn Alders2,3 and Furaha Mramba1
1. Tanzanian Veterinary Laboratory Agency, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania2. Faculty of Veterinary Science & Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Australia3. International Rural Poultry Centre, Kyeema Foundation, Australia4. Department of Anthropology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Tanzania Veterinary Association ConferenceArusha International Conference Centre1-3 December, 2015
85% of all households in sub-Saharan Africa keep poultry 70% of poultry are owned by women Poultry products (eggs, meat and organs) are a potentially valuable
source of high-quality protein and bio-available micronutrients for children in rural areas
Chickens present an opportunity for household income throughout the year, through the sale of birds and egg
This study is intended to assess existing chicken-keeping practices in Sanza ward and to propose possible interventions to maximize the benefits obtained from village chickens
BACKGROUND
METHODOLOGY
Baseline data from a five-year longitudinal study following households with children under 24 months of age and an expressed interest in chicken-keeping
Sanza ward, Manyoni district – first of five project locations Sample size (240) based on stunting figures in children under 5
years (42% at a national level)
TANZANIA ZAMBIA
SINGIDA region DODOMA region LUSAKA province
MANYONI district MPWAPWA district RUFUNSA district
SANZA ward MAJIRI ward IWONDO ward BUNDA BUNDA ward
SHIKABETA ward
Table 1: Research locations
METHODOLOGY
Pre-tested, structured questionnaires in Kiswahili Trained members of community collected data through interviews Local languages (Kigogo and Kisukuma) used where appropriate Household members over 16 years were eligible to respond Intended respondents’ gender were 50% male and 50% female Topics included:
Ownership of chickens Reasons for not keeping chickens Feeding practices Chicken housing Use of poultry products Seasonal patterns in mortality, consumption and sale
RESULTS Ownership
51.7% of households were keeping chickens in May 2014 Of households keeping chickens, 53.5% were reported as
male-headed and 38.5% as female-headed Average number of chickens per HH was 10.5 Average number of adult chickens (more than 5 months) per
HH was 4.7 Average number of growers (2 -5 months) per HH was 4.4 Average number of chicks (day old to 2 months) per HH was 9
RESULTS Ownership
Figure 1: Reasons for not keeping chickens
Disease
s
Never
tried
Not int
ereste
d
Affordab
ility Sold
Intere
sted i
n duck
s
Preda
tion
0102030405060
Reasons for not keeping chickens
Res
pond
ent
perc
enta
ge
RESULTS Feeding practices
Feed items Proportion of households providing item
Maize or maize bran 68.0%Sorghum 44.2%Kitchen or table leftovers 28.5%Millet 21.7%
Table 2: Commonly provided feed items for chickens
62.8% of households
reported providing
additional feed to chickens in
May 2014
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0
20406080
100120
Months
Num
ber
of r
e-sp
onde
nts
Figure 2: Trend on feed supplementation
Bedroom Chicken house
kitchen Outside05
10152025303540
Places
Perc
enta
ge RESULTS Chicken housing
Figure 3: Location where chickens are kept overnight
RESULTS Use of poultry products
Uses% of HH
used chicken
Number chickens
(per household)
% of HH used eggs
Number eggs(per
household)Consumed within household 25.2 0.5 25.6 1.7
Consumed during guest visits 6.4 0.1 2.1 0.8
Sold 16.7 0.6 2.9 0.06Given as a gift 1.7 0.05 0 0
Table 3: Average number of chickens and eggs used for various purposes (Sanza ward, May 2014)
RESULTS Seasonal patterns in mortality, consumption and sale
Figure 3: Reported timing of chicken deaths, sale and consumption
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Selling Consumption Deaths
Months
Num
ber
of r
espo
nden
ts
DISCUSSION Potential areas for intervention
Increasing chicken flock size Promoting feed supplementation for chickens Improving the quality of supplementary feed Promoting disease control Educating on the importance of chicken housing Promoting use of poultry products (including sale and consumption) Providing entrepreneurship education
CONCLUSION
Promoting village chicken-keeping is an important avenue towards combating under-nutrition for the poor
Education on the use of poultry products by pregnant women, breastfeeding women and young children should be emphasized
AhsanteniThank you