An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency Management
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Transcript of An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency Management
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An Open Source GIS System for An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Earthquake Early Warning and
Post-Event Emergency ManagementPost-Event Emergency Management
Maurizio Pollino1, Grazia Fattoruso1, Antonio Bruno Della Rocca1, Luigi La Porta1, Sergio Lo Curzio1, Agnese Arolchi1,
Valentina James2, Carmine Pascale2
1ENEA - National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development
2Consorzio TRE - Tecnologie per il Recupero Edilizio
Remote sensing Data Analysis, modeling, interpretation and Applications: from a global view to a local analysis (RS 2011)
University of Cantabria, Santander - June 20th-June 23th, 2011
Remote sensing Data Analysis, modeling, interpretation and Applications: from a global view to a local analysis (RS 2011)
University of Cantabria, Santander - June 20th-June 23th, 2011
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Table of contentsTable of contents
June 20, 2011 2
Overview onOverview on Earthquake Early Warning Systems Earthquake Early Warning Systems and Earthquake Early Warning Approachand Earthquake Early Warning Approach
The project context: The project context: SIT_MEWSIT_MEW
SIT_MEWSIT_MEW Operating Centre Architecture Operating Centre Architecture
GIS logical architectureGIS logical architecture
GIS ModulesGIS Modules
Spatial analysisSpatial analysis
Conclusions and future developmentsConclusions and future developments
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
TP (at the network)
TS (at the target)T0 time
Telemetry
andcomputin
gP-Arrival
Lead Time~ 10 sec
Immediate post-event~ 1 min
Allarm Issue
Seismic waves (~ 3.5 Km/s)
Target
Information (speed of light)
Epicenter
Seismic Network
Earthquake Early Warning Systems: Earthquake Early Warning Systems: Operating PrincipleOperating Principle
The term “early warning” for seismic hazard implies an alert given after the detection of phenomena indicating the generation of a possibly dangerous event and before it starts damaging a given location.
M, P
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 4June 20, 2011
Early warning and real time earthquake risk Early warning and real time earthquake risk mitigationmitigation
The scale of alert times for earthquake is seconds to tens of seconds
In case of earthquakes, Early Warning method is not a classical
forecasting method. It can give probabilistic information after the event.
The final aim of a seismic early warning system is to estimate in a fast and
reliable way the earthquake damage potential.
To reach this goal most of worldwide Earthquake early warning system are
being designed or actually operated following two complementary
approaches: the site-specific systems and the Regional systems
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
A major step may be the use of regional networks for the protection of multiple critical systems, and then a hybrid use of
regional and on-site warning methods.
Earthquake Early Warning Approach:Earthquake Early Warning Approach:
5June 20, 2011
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
A prototype hybrid seismic early warning A prototype hybrid seismic early warning system should be system should be based on:based on:a highly-dynamic, high-density seismic network located around a fault zone robust and reliable signal transmission systems able to operate under extreme conditions capability of fast data processing and modeling information and preparation strategiesautomated protection systems
The functions of a Seismic Alert Management The functions of a Seismic Alert Management System can be is related to two different System can be is related to two different phases of an event:phases of an event:early warning : 10-20 seconds after the main shock the system should predict the ground motion intensity, evaluate the epicentre and provide dissemination of information.
post (near) event warning: 100-200 seconds after the main shock, the decision support system should address a preliminary scenario based on spatial interpolation of ground motion and then a detailed scenario, based on simulation of simplified source/propagation models.
6June 20, 2011
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 7June 20, 2011
The project The project contextcontext
Integrated, broadband communication system for natural hazards emergencies management, including early warning methods
The main goal of SIT_MEW Project is to develop an integrated system The main goal of SIT_MEW Project is to develop an integrated system for emergencies management in case of natural disasters (seismic for emergencies management in case of natural disasters (seismic and volcanic) located in Campania Region, a seismically and volcanic and volcanic) located in Campania Region, a seismically and volcanic active area.active area.
In particular, the attention is focused on the issues concerning risk assessment and mitigation, early warning (EW) methodologies and post-event support activities.
SIT_MEW is based on data coming both from an existing seismic network located within the study area (ISNet, Irpinia Seismic Network) and it will improve an hybrid EWS.
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Signal to the
Network stations
Seismic Network
Epicentre
Main control Centre
Event Propagation
(5.5km/sec)
Trasmission system
Sensors measuresAlarm
Trasm
ission sy
stem
Prototype of an hybrid Earthquake Early Prototype of an hybrid Earthquake Early Warning System Warning System
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
The kernel of the operating centre is a decision support system (DSS) that should enable the operators to make decisions and to disseminate early warning through a broadcasting system. The OC is supported by a
GIS systemGIS system that represents and performs the geographical information related to real time and near real time phases and the event source and analyses in few minutes the expected damages on structures and buildings.
The System proposed:The System proposed:
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 June 20, 2011 10
SIT_MEWSIT_MEW Operating Centre Operating Centre Architecture Architecture
Data collection tools
Data operations tools
Data representation tools
GIS TOOLS COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
GIS logical architecture: schemaGIS logical architecture: schema
Operating Centre
Geodatabase Module
Quantum GISPostgreSQL/PostGIS
WebGIS Client
MapServer
WebGIS Module
GIS Modulo
SCENARIO (Epicentre & Magnitude)
InternetIntranet
11June 20, 2011
Expected DamageScenarios
Expected DamageScenarios
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
GIS ModulesGIS Modules
12
GIS developed by using free/open source software (FOSS). It consists in the following modules:
• GeoDatabase module (PostgreSQL/PostGIS)
• GIS module (QuantumGIS)
• WEB-GIS module (MapServer)
Quantum GISQuantum GIS
PostgreSQL/PostGISPostgreSQL/PostGIS
June 20, 2011
MapServerMapServer
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Spatial analysisSpatial analysis
13
GIS spatial analysis procedures and geo-processing operations:
• Description and characterization of the study area (Geodatabase);
• Census Data management;
• Shake maps processing (PGA/IMCS);
• Production of Vulnerability index Iv maps (Census parcel based)
• Map Algebra to elaborate Expected Damage Scenarios;
Results:
• Thematic maps (Iv and Expected damage scenarios) to support the management of near-EW and post-event phases;
• Consultation via intranet/internet to data and maps.
June 20, 2011
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 June 20, 2011 14
Data collection and Geodatabase Data collection and Geodatabase population population The Geodatabase Module has been purposely implemented to provide the spatial description of the Campania region and is structured into different logical schemes. Basic GIS Layers (Italian DBPrior10K:
Administrative boundaries, road network, railways, hydrograph, etc ...);
Thematic Maps (hydrology, geomorphology, seismic classification, etc.);
1:25.000 Cartography; Census data (ISTAT, Italian National
Institute of Statistics).
• Geographic location and data of ISNet seismic sensors;
• PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration) distribution maps;
• Data from parametric catalogue of damaging earthquakes in Italy (INGV).
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Data operations tools, GIS module (QuantumGIS)
June 20, 2011 15
The GIS Module, in direct connection with Geodatabase Module, is devoted to process geographical data and spatial information. By means of spatial analysis procedures and geo-processing operations, this module provides a complete and up-to-date description of the study area and, as final result, the maps of expected damage.
[Sabetta and Pugliese, 1996)]
sSeSehRcbMaY 2112/122
1010 )(log)(log
[Decanini et al.,1995]
Y the parameter to evaluate, the PGA for this case study
M (local) the magnitude
R the distance
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Vulnerability index IV
Vulnerability indices for building typologies and construction age over the study area
Vulnerability index modifiers depending of number of storeys and construction age
June 20, 2011 16
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
Maps of expected damage
June 20, 2011 17
By means Map Algebra operations, it has been possible to create the final expected damage maps.
The variables represent the simulated PGA with certain epicentre coordinates and local magnitude ML.
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
WEB GIS Applications, WEB GIS Applications, MapServerMapServer
June 20, 2011 18
The primary goal of the WEB-GIS Module is to make geographic data and thematic maps available to specific end-users and, potentially, to the public. The application allows the end-user to view spatial data within a web browser, without a specific GIS Desktop software. This Module provides interactive query capabilities and integrates the GIS solutions with other technologies.
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 Guidonia, 16 Giugno 2011 1919
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011 Guidonia, 16 Giugno 2011 2020
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An Open Source GIS System for Earthquake Early Warning and Post-Event Emergency ManagementRS 2011 RS 2011
ConclusionsConclusions and and future developmentsfuture developments
June 20, 2011 21
An innovative open source GIS system has been
investigated and developed as integrated component of
the seismic EWS;
A local GIS application for analyzing and modelling the
seismic event and its impacts and supporting post-event
emergency management;
A new WEB-GIS module for sharing the geo-information
among the public and private stakeholders has been
proposed;
In perspective, multi-source data and GIS integrated
analysis can contribute to a better emergency planning;
A interactive DSS based on GIS approach could support
the public government to address in the near post-event,
activities.