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An Issues Management Approach to Artificial Intelligence ... · Advancement of Artificial...
Transcript of An Issues Management Approach to Artificial Intelligence ... · Advancement of Artificial...
AnIssuesManagementApproachtoArtificialIntelligence(AI)andEthics:ACrisiswiththeRisingMachines?
• ShannonA.Bowen,Ph.D.• Professor,UniversityofSouthCarolina• Twitter:@DrBowen• [email protected]
Issuesmanagement,AIandEthics• AnemergentissueforallsectorsofpublicandprivatelifeistherapiddevelopmentanduseofArtificialIntelligence(AI).
• AIposesavastnumberofpositivepotentialsinpublichealth,civilengineering,policing,media,andotherareas.
• TheethicalproblemsinAIarelittleexploredbythosewhodevelopit.
Issuesmanagement,AIandEthics• Issuesmanagementistaskedwithpreparingtheorganizationforpotentialrisksandsolvingproblemsbeforetheybecomecrises.
• PublicrelationsusesdataanalyticsgeneratedbyAIinnumerousways.Risks?Privacy?
• TheethicalproblemsassociatedwithpublicrelationsuseofAIarelittleexploredandnotyetcompletelyunderstood,muchlesssolidified.Issuesariseformanagement.
Literature• AIresearchersandfuturistsarebothpositiveandnegativeonmachineconsciousnessandtheabilitytointegrateethicalvaluesanddecisionmaking(Davies,2016).
• Todate,noscholarlyresearchinthisareaforpublicrelationshasbeenidentified.ThediscussionsoftheethicalimplicationsofAIinissuesmanagementandpublicrelationsexistsprimarilyintheblogosphere.
Method• DatawerecollectedattheAssociationfortheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence(AAAI)conferenceandtheArthurW.PageSocietySpringSeminar,andindividualphonecalls.
• ThroughshortsurveysandinterviewswithAIspecialists,fromprogrammersinsensing,reasoning,andmovingtoroboticsengineers,IexaminetheextenttowhichethicsisconsideredinAIasapotentialissue,risk,orthreat.
• ThenIexaminethisdataascomparedwiththeextenttowhichpublicrelationsprosandeducatorsconsiderAIethics,alsousingshortsurveysandinterviews.
Method• Meta:Arepublicrelationsscholarsandprofessionalsreadytoaddresstheissues,specificallythemyriadcomplexethicaldilemmas,thatwillresultfromtheAIrevolution?
• RQ1: TowhatextentdoAIspecialistconsiderethicsandmoralramificationsofAIintheirwork?
• RQ2:WhatarethepressingareasofAIethicsthatpublicrelationsspecialistsshoulduseintheirissuesmanagement?
Results• ByprovidingdatatoRQ1,theneedforethicalstandardscanbeassessed.
• AIdevelopersoverwhelmingly didnotthinkaboutethicalconcerns.
• Thosewhodidwerephilosopherswhothoughtsingularily aboutracialconcerns;otherethicalconcernswerecompletely,vastlyoverlooked.(exs.)
• Concernsaboutprivacyanddatause/manipulationorstrategicimplicationssimplydidnotexist.
• AIphilosophersexpressaneedfor“valuesalignment”butdonotgofurtherinspecifyingwhatthesevaluesare(orshouldbe).(!)
AIDev.Results• “AIresearchisveryopaqueandpoorlycommunicated,whichisabarrier.”
• “Getmorepeopleofdifferentbackgroundsintheroom.”
• “IfAIbecomesethical,itwillfindadutytoannihilatethehumanraceasthesourceofwar,poverty,environmentaldamageandotherafflictionsontheworld.”
• “We’renotreallysurewhattheethicalprotocolsare.”• “Haven’tthoughtaboutethicsuntilyouasked.”
CCOResults• RQ2,publicrelationsprofessionalsweremoreawareoftheethicalchallengesposedbyAIthanthosedevelopingthetech.
• NopublicrelationsprofessionalsusedthetermissuesmanagementtodescribeAIchallenges.
• However,theydescribedissuesinprivacy,security,datause,banking,equality,&access.
• EducatorsubsamplerecognizesethicalissuesofAItosomeextentbutdonotreportteachingit.
CCOResults• “RightnowAIposesthebiggestchallengeinthebankingindustry– wehaveaccesstoallthedataandhavefewprotocolstoprotectit.”
• “Wearelearninghowtouseitbutdon’tknowtheethicalbarriershere.Nooneknows.”
• “WeknowitisgoingtoposeproblemsandFacebookisoneexample.Wejusthavenotdeterminedthebestwaytoaddressthoseproblemsyet,butwearetalkingaboutitregularly.”
Results• Ethicalframeworksareessential forassessingandadvisingmanagementonthecomplexchangesbroughtbyAI.
• Anissuesmanagementapproachshouldbeusedtoidentifyrisks,assessthepotentialimpact,andengageinproblemsolvinganduseethicalanalysisbeforetheorganizationmovesintouseofAI.
• PublicrelationsprosaremoreawareoftherisksthanAIdevelopers,sowemustlead inthisarea.
Implications• ByusinganissuesmanagementapproachtotheethicalconundrumsposedbyAI,thisstudyseekstohelpidentifyandassessthepotentialethicalissueswithwhichpublicrelationsmustdeal.
• AttentiontotheseissuesshouldfosterapublicrelationsindustrythatisethicallyengagedandoptimallypreparedtoengageincounselingtheethicsofproactiveAIimplementationanduse,ratherthanwaitingforotherfields,suchasengineeringorlaw,todefinetheethicsofAIinorganizations.
Conclusion• Issuesmanagementiscentraltoidentifyemergingtrendsforanorganizationandmanagingissuesofriskoruncertainty,helpingtoproactivelyprepareforthefuture:AnAIfuture!
• Thankyou!• Questionsarewelcomed!• @DrBowen• [email protected]