AN IOT BASED ALERT AND ASSIST SYSTEM FOR HARASSMENT … · 2018. 11. 10. · Cite this Article...

http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 1542 [email protected]

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2018, pp. 1542–1554, Article ID: IJMET_09_10_158

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=9&IType=10

ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359

© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

AN IOT BASED ALERT AND ASSIST SYSTEM

FOR HARASSMENT INVESTIGATIONS

ANSHUL PUNNAIVANAM and SAMBHAV SUMBLI

UG Students, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai

*RAVIPRAKASH DWIVEDI and VIJAYAKUMAR PEROUMAL

Professor, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai

RAJASHREE R

Research Scholar, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai

*Corresponding Autho

ABSTRACT

India has been independent for 70 years. Despite the phenomenal strides in

technology and development, women are unsafe and in today’s world, they have been

subject to severe abuse. Many crimes against women have taken place in the past decade

and the problem has not abated. These crimes have only increased in India and women

nationwide feel unsafe walking the streets alone, despite the emergence of various safety

measures. It falls onto the hands of the emerging generation to ensure the safety and

protection of the women of our nation. It should be the aim of the country to make sure a

woman has no fear when leaving home and feels the same as any man who walks a

random street at any point of time. There's a plethora of safety-oriented apps for

smartphones, all designed to let one quickly alert loved ones in case of any danger. But

during an emergency it may not be possible to have time to pull out a phone, unlock it,

open an app, and wait for it to send out an alert. This device will make sure that one is

able to do that, on the street, at work and at home. It makes a person feel safe among

strangers, acquaintances and friends. The aim is to make the world a safe place to live,

learn and work

Keywords: Raspberry Pi ; Harassment ; Alert system ; 433 MHz Transceiver, PICamera.

Cite this Article Anshul Punnaivanam, Sambhav Sumbli, Raviprakash Dwivedi, Vijayakumar

Peroumal and Rajashree R, an Iot Based Alert and Assist System for Harassment Investigations,

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(10), 2018, pp. 1542–

1554.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=9&IType=10

Anshul Punnaivanam, Sambhav Sumbli, Raviprakash Dwivedi, Vijayakumar Peroumal and Rajashree R


1. INTRODUCTION

A smartphone has a lot of functionalities. It helps track time, manage meetings, surf the

internet, watch videos and listen to music. This particular handheld device can almost do

anything. However, a phone isn’t always in one’s hand or may have a security lock, so one may

not be able to send an alert immediately. An aggressor can see someone reach for their phone and

will snatch it away or may take it away even before one can reach for it so they can’t summon

help. In the following pages, a development of a device is mentioned, wherein, the accessibility

to a smart phone would be completely bypassed. One doesn’t need to have the mobile on person

to utilise features such as SOS calls or location broadcasting to alert nearby ‘guardians’.

Furthermore, there have been many cases where the identity of assailers remains unknown, due

to the lack of evidence. Such people roam free thinking no action will be taken against them and

that they can get away with such an act, which provokes further incidents. The abovementioned

device would also be aimed at collecting media in the form of pictures for investigative purposes

to bring such offenders to justice and prevent further such happenings.

The two most important design goals of the project are to be very easy to actuate and be as

compact as possible. Hence, mechanisms to provide easy actuation to the user, and an overall

ease of use shall be employed. In addition to that, the prime focus will be to keep the system as

small as possible by employing small sized circuitry and devices. Another observation from the

critical survey reveals that many systems employ services which may not be entirely efficient and

helpful in an emergency. Hence, all the redundancies shall be eliminated and only the effective

and useful components shall be kept, which will also help in reducing the overall cost of the

project in a significant way. The system that will be created will provide a tool which will help

alleviate crimes against women, and hence will be a positive step in the direction of improvement

of humanity. However, in the wrong hands, this project may also be used for mal-practices like

spying and stalking, which hopefully is never the case. Inclusion of a hands-free module will

ensure easy and fast activation by the user. Instant image capturing and uploading will safeguard

the data collected in case of theft or damage to the device. IoT implementation along with location

service will ensure minimum response time, hence resulting in faster responses from emergency

contacts and services. Section 2 shows the literature survey. Section 3 gives an idea of the

conventional technologies and the problems associated with it. Section 4 describes the proposed

IoT based system and elaborates the different subparts of the system. Section 5 shows the

conclusions. Last few pages deal with the references for the literature survey.

2. RELATED WORKS

Sanjivkumar Jalde et.al [1] present a project with the core based on controlling various devices

by voice commands. Speech Recognition is one such implementation. AT89S52 forms the heart

of the project. Others have used the Bluetooth or GSM technology to send the command for

controlling the home appliances. HACS through voice command is free from the geographical

limitations. On saying the numbers to the microphone, the specific device will then turn on. This

demonstrates the functionalities of Bluetooth in household applications. Ulf Jennehag et.al [2]

present a solution for the communication of high definition video in low-delay scenarios (<200

ms) under the constraints of devices with limited hardware resources, such as the Raspberry Pi.

A combination of peer-to-peer (P2P) technology with Distributed Hash Tables (DHT) is used, to

enable scalable communication with low delay. This way we can send minimal chunks of

encoded video as small P2P packets to minimize delay of the video transmission. The

compression standard H.264 is used because of characteristics and simplicity of the H.264 byte

stream format, and because of the hardware decoders on the Raspberry Pi devices. Herein, no

medium to store the video has been provided.

An Iot Based Alert and Assist System for Harassment Investigations


Sudeepa R et.al [3] describes the efficient use of the cloud as a storage medium for

multimedia. Cloud storage eliminates the shortcomings of limited sizes of local storage and it

makes it possible to have expandable storage at reasonable costs. The paper describes a software

based mechanism to sending data and retrieving it from the cloud in a secure way. Data security

mechanisms like encryption and authentication are incorporated to enable data confidentiality

and integrity. This paper helps in providing communication protocols for accessing data from

cloud which is then utilised in subsequent cloud applications. Akshada Deshmukh et.al [4]

describes a webcam based surveillance system that captures and stores media using a wireless

mechanism. This paper further evolves surveillance to the next level by making the process

intelligent by incorporating software to process the data collected. Any unusual data collected

may then be used to send alerts to the concerned party. An advancement towards storing the data

has been described.

Karthikeyan et.al [5] includes information about how to build an attendance maintenance

system. The same can also take on the role of an intrusion detection system. This is useful as it

saves time spent in manual roll calls and ensures appropriate access to individuals to different

areas. Sensors are used to determine human presence and the identity of an individual is then

validated by matching RFID. Photos are taken in case of mismatch. Intrusions are reported

immediately via e-mail. Authorities can monitor the area remotely. Proper wireless

communication protocols are implemented so as to avoid modification of sent data. Image saving

is successful here. Vaibhav A.Vyavahare et.al [6] used the Raspberry Pi is intended to have audio

gathering capabilities from an USB Microphone. Images are captured by a camera attached to the

USB port of the board. Audio/Video Transmission has been carried out with the help of VOIP &

SIP Protocols in real time. RPis act as server and client. Cost of the project is brought down by

using open source Linux based OS (already existing in RPis). The gstreamer & gst-launch

libraries enable live audio/video streaming. Wi-Fi network can be secured via password if needed.

The next step, i.e. A/V transmission is successful but they cannot be replayed for further use in

this project.

Deepali M. Bhavale et.al [7] presents a paper with the aim to ensure the safety of women and

school children. This can be done by using a portable safety device and school bus tracking

system. This embedded device can send alerts with an emergency button press, and has a camera

for capturing images. The system uses GSM to track the location of the user. The alert message

is sent to a registered user along with an image captured by the camera. Overspeed monitoring is

also done in which a warning message is sent from the system to the owner’s mobile phone if the

speed of the bus goes beyond a specified value. A basic structure for a safety system has been

envisioned which lacks a lot of features. Chethan N et.al [8] aim at implementing a

microcontroller-based control module that receives its instructions and command through a 3G

network (using GSM Module) and data gathered is stored at cloud. The commands are then

carried out and then status of the given application or device is transmitted back to the UI through

the cellular phone. Bio-metric sensors are placed at entry points to give access to only authorized

users. Data from fingerprints is matched against the data saved on cloud. Arduino Uno is used

for cost efficiency and easy installation of modules. This project brings together the safety system

by incorporating basic IoT with the previous project.

Girish Yadav et.al [9] proposes an easy way to use IoT by having all digital components

communicating with each other and controlling all of those components with the use of a

Graphical User Interface (GUI) over the Internet. Here, unwanted intrusions are detected with the

use of sensors in the IoT network using software and hardware methods. The sensors used are

ultrasonic and piezo buzzers. Upon detection, an alert is sent to the owner of the house using the

GSM module connected to the system. Finally, the data is stored on a cloud storage system. An

application is developed which is used with previously described modules to enhance the system.



Sweeta Deshmukh et.al [10] explore a mobile robot for various terrains. The focus of the paper

is on high resolution video feed so as to prove more effective in surveillance capabilities. A novel

integration of camera with Raspberry Pis allows video recording and playback. A simple circuit

has been designed to control the robot and the camera wirelessly using Wi-Fi connections and

motor drivers. Modularity of the robot allows various sensor units to be attached to provide

application specific responses. To enable portability, the authors have designed a wireless camera

which can then be installed in the system for video capturing.

Rakshith Babu Et.al [11] addresses a novel methodology to monitor patient health. Internet

of Things utilizes sensor data (health parameters) to actively and continuously transmit said data

to a doctor for analysis. This approach is useful in today’s fast paced world. This architecture is

developed to prevent unexpected diseases and receive precautionary advices while on the go. By

making use of the smartphone on the person, data is uploaded to a cloud for processing. IoT

methodologies are described which can be used in various applications to enhance data gathering

and analysis. Harshitha N et.al [12] focused on a security system that detects the location and

health conditions of the user in the case of an emergency and send the information by an SMS and

Keykur Patel et.al [13] describes the basic layout needed to monitor an environment. The sensed

parameters like temperature, heart beat and motion of the user are sent to the application. This

message is then sent to the user’s phone. The application uses GPS and SMS to send help request

along with the location of the user to registered contacts which may be the user’s relatives and

parents, when the emergency message is received. The information collected is transmitted to

database server using GSM Module with GPRS capability. It then create log file of information

collected from sensor on data base server, which is helpful in keep database of past information.

Utilizing the facility of IOT, one can achieve online real time monitoring of equipment working

status & environmental body condition. SMS system is now melded to the system along with

various sensors to monitor various parameters which are then stored on cloud. Cloud storing

technologies are brought into picture.

Ishan Karande et.al [14] describes an architecture incorporating GPS-IoT framework to track

vehicles. The vehicle can be tracked on a continuously which in conjunction with law

enforcement authorities or hospitals can be used to track the vehicle if it gets stolen or if the

vehicle gets involved in a serious mishap. Similar work has been done by E Krishna Priya et.al

[15]. Herein, a bridge has been designed to reduce the gap between flexibility and security. The

proposed design is a system which can detect accidents in significantly lesser time and sends the

basic information to first aid centers within a few seconds including GPS co-ordinates and time

of the accident. Co-ordinates are stored in cloud using a microcontroller installed on the vehicle.

It can also be perceived as a real-time tracking system (location updates via SMS). More and

more projects have been developed incorporating various features which have been enhanced in

subsequent papers. Sravya Pamidi et.al [16] discuss about the need to have a mobile application

that enables the user to carry out a number of actions when required in order to gain help form

others. The application provides facilities to locate the user using a GPS module and then send

the location information to any person in the emergency list to notify them of the emergency.

This application however requires the individual to take out the phone to be able to access the

application without any hindrance to be able to use it properly.

The preceding faults have been overcome by Geetha Pratyusha Miriyala et.al [17]. They

developed a smart security system for women to improve their safety. The system consists of a

wrist band having a pressure sensor as an input which when activated acts as the actuator, whereas



J.K.Thavil et.al [18] used multiple sensors to detect the status of women in emergencies in real

time. The body temperature of a woman in an emergency situation is normally higher which

indicates that there is an emergency and helps make a decision. Another approach taken was the

detection of heartbeat, temperature and sudden change in motion of the user by using different

sensors like heartbeat sensor, temperature sensor, and accelerometer sensor. Aditya Patil et.al

[19] described the use of GPS which will help to detect the location of the device. The project

uses GSM to send alert message to guardians and the police.

I. Traditional Intelligent Safety System for Women Security

This project will be partially based on the research paper published by Abhijit Paradkar [20]

et.al titled “All in one Intelligent Safety System for Women Security” which is a theoretical

project. The system provides all required functionality and there is no need to buy and install

different apps that possess the different functionalities. The services described in this paper are

SOS Key Press, Voice Recognition Module, Spy Camera, Fake Calling module and GSM/GPS

module. Herein a system has been designed but no actualisation of the above-mentioned work

has taken place. The theoretical project has not been realized into an actual device and thus the

project is devoid of practical errors.

II. Proposed IoT based Alert and Assist System for Harassment Investigations

The work in this project will be carried out according to the diagram and flow chart shown in

Fig. 1. The diagram has been made keeping in mind the critical literature survey conducted before

starting the project and the requirements that the project is supposed to fulfill. These requirements

have been broken down into modules to make it easier to understand and troubleshoot different

segments of the integrated device. The main focus of the project is to create an easy-to-use

module that can be accessed without any hassle in the case of any emergency, and which requires

the least effort to do so. Having done a detailed survey on all the available systems for similar

purposes, the aim is to reduce the work overhead required to activate the system. In order to

achieve this, the objective is to create a system of inter-connected sensors and control devices, or

in other words create an Internet of Things network.

Figure 1 Proposed IoT based alert and assist system for harassment investigations

2.1 SOS Key Press

As can be seen in Fig. 2, initialization of the script in the controller will be done by pressing the

SOS button. The Transmitter module FS1000A will be used to transmit pulse(s). The subsequent

transmissions will then be received by the Rx Module: MX-RM-5V, which will be directly



connected to the Raspberry Pi. The pulses will then trigger the other mechanisms such as alert

messages and media recording along with simultaneous uploading.

Figure 2 SOS key press module

2.2. Alert Message with Location

For implementing alert messages, Pushover will be used. Push notifications can be received on a

configured mobile device. A user key will be given when the application will be installed as

shown in Fig. 3. For every application that will be created, an API token code will be generated.

HTTP Post Request will be used. Data will be sent from the Raspberry Pi to Pushover’s server,

and in HTTP land, data will be sent using a Post request.

Figure 3 Application creation for pushover

2.3. Image Capture

The PiCamera will plug directly into the Camera Serial Interface (CSI) connector on the

Raspberry Pi. It can deliver a crystal clear 5 Mega pixel resolution image. The module will attach

to the Raspberry Pi, by way of a 15 Pin Ribbon Cable, to the dedicated 15-pin MIPI CSI

connector, which is designed especially for interfacing to cameras. The CSI bus is capable of

extremely high data rates, and it exclusively carries pixel data to the BCM2835 processor.

2.4. Email Module

As an additional alerting measure, the Raspberry Pi, on getting triggered will also send an email

to a pre-defined email address with the image that has been captured as an attachment.



Furthermore, the email body will contain the longitude and latitude of the person in distress. The

above-mentioned has been implemented by using the smtp library in python.

2.5. Data Upload Module

Amazon S3 is an object storage service provided by AWS built to store and retrieve any amount

of data from anywhere – web sites and mobile apps, corporate applications, and data from IoT

sensors or devices. AWS S3 provides comprehensive security and compliance capabilities that

meet even the most stringent regulatory requirements. In terms of implementation, buckets and

objects are resources, and Amazon S3 provides APIs. Amazon S3 creates buckets in a nearby

region. Any AWS Region that is geographically close can be chosen to optimize latency,

minimize costs, or address regulatory requirements. To upload data (photos, videos, documents

etc.), a bucket will be created in one of the AWS Regions. This implementation will include

accessing and modifying S3 resources using the command line tool AWS CLI.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

On the press of the SOS button, the Raspberry Pi is triggered and a series of photos is clicked

from the PiCamera and simultaneously, the GPS location is determined by the Raspberry Pi using

the Telegram bot. Next, email alerts and push notifications are sent to predefined users. The email

and the push notifications contain the GPS location of the user. The pictures clicked from the

camera are also attached in the mail. Additional measure includes uploading the images to

Amazon S3 Cloud for later access.

Figure 4 Physical hardware setup Figure 5 Setup along with the PiCamera

Figure 6 A screenshot of the program in execution.

The hardware setup is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. The SOS button, the Transmitter/Receiver

module and the camera can be clearly seen. The minuscule nature of the camera allows it to be

fit discreetly onto any personal accessory. The whole system has been made as compact and

reliable as possible. Fig. 6 shows the script in execution on the Raspberry Pi terminal. A brief

about the modules that the project comprises is given below.



3.1. SOS Key Press

The SOS button is demonstrated in Fig.7 and Fig.8, along with an LED to indicate the button

being pressed. On pressing the button, data is sent from the RF transmitter and received by the

RF receiver connected to the Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi then continues with the subsequent

functionality on receiving the data signal.

Figure 7 The physical SOS button Figure 8 LED Indication

Figure 9 Signal received by the raspberry pi

Fig.9 is the output of a piece of code written to demonstrate the Raspberry Pi’s GPIO pin

receiving the data signal from the RF receiver module. The program listens on the GPIO data pin

and plots the value read on that pin for a given time duration.

3.2. Alert Message with Location

Fig.10 is a screenshot of the mobile device where the push notification was received. This

emulates the mobile phone of an emergency contact that will receive a push notification

containing the Longitude and Latitude of the IoT device and can be re-viewed on the Pushover

mobile application.



Figure 10 Pushover notification containing location of the user

Figure 11 Location as seen on google maps

Fig. 11 verifies the coordinates sent by the application with the actual location of the device.

Here the red marker shows the point sent by the application and the blue strobe is the location of

the device (the connected laptop for testing) on Google Maps.

3.3. Image Capture

Fig. 12, Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 are three sample images captured by the module when the SOS button

is pressed.

Figure 12 1st Picture clicked by the camera Figure 13 2nd picture clicked by the camera



Figure 14 3rd picture clicked by the camera Figure15 Email received on the mobile

3.4. Email Module

Fig. 15 shows the e-mail received by the emergency contact, containing one of images captured

by the module and the location (coordinates) of the person.

3.5. Data upload Module

Fig. 16 shows the AWS S3 bucket ‘samplebuck1234’ before the process execution and Fig. 17

after the process takes place respectively. As we can see, the bucket is empty initially and after

execution, the bucket contains three image files.

Figure 16 Empty S3 bucket



Figure 17 Bucket populated after script is executed

4. CONCLUSION

A prototype device has been implemented with basic functionalities. A person in distress can rely

on this particular device to help them in investigative procedures. The SOS key press is simple

yet effective allowing users to trigger the whole system with infallible logic. The GPS module

instantly tracks the user’s location which can be sent to pre-defined contacts via e-mail and Push

notifications for faster access. The PiCamera allows seamless integration with the board and its

small factor makes the device compact and stealthy. The images are sent via email to preset email

IDs. The cloud backup module, i.e. Amazon S3 is a secure way of storing or backing up data

which ensures reliability and durability of the system as a whole. The data can be pulled from

various sources- email and cloud storage to help track down the assailant and punish the

criminals. Various bottlenecks exist such as safety of the camera, internet connectivity, wasted

computing power as well as battery source. The abovementioned can be eliminated, but it would

result in increased cost of the project. Furthermore, the whole device can be made more compact

and rugged with the help of custom casing.

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION

The prototype model was coded by undergraduate students Anshul Punnaivanam and sambhav

Sumbli. Idea behind the work was framed by Prof. Raviprakash Dwivedi and Vijayakumar

Peroumal. Rajashree R plays vital role to build the hardware model with the help of UG students.

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