AN INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION.
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Transcript of AN INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION.
AN INTRODUCTIONTO
CHEMICAL HAZARD COMMUNICATION
CHEMICALS IN THE WORKPLACE
ESTIMATED 575,000 EXISTING CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
HUNDREDS INTRODUCED EACH YEAR
CHEMICALS IN THE WORKPLACE
INFORMATION IS THE BEST DEFENSE AGAINST HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
AND
POTENTIALLY SERIOUS HEALTH EFFECTS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION’S
HAZARDCOMMUNICATION STANDARD
“HAZCOM”29 CFR 1910.1200
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION
2. DEFINITIONS
3. HAZARD DETERMINATION
4. WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
5. LABELS
6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)
7. EMPLOYEE INFORMATION AND TRAINING
8. TRADE SECRETS
9. APPENDICES
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION
a. Who does the standard apply to?
b. Relation to the Laboratory standard
c. Labeling exemptions
d. Exemptions from the standard
e. State issues
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
1. SCOPE AND APPLICATION
d. Exemptions from the standardHazardous wasteTobacco productsWood productsArticlesFood, drugs, cosmeticsConsumer productsPesticidesSealed containers
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
1. DEFINITIONS
Article
Chemical
Combustible liquid/compressed
gas/flammable liquid/flashpoint
Health hazard
Physical hazard
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
1. DEFINITIONS
ArticleA manufactured item
1. Formed to a specific shape or design
2. Which has end use functions dependent
in whole/part upon its shape or design
3. Does not release - result in exposure
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
3. HAZARD DETERMINATION
a. Established procedure
b. Appendix A and B
c. Documentation
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
4. WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
a. Employer to developb. Elements
WrittenHazard determinationLabelingTrainingInventoryMSDS’sNon-routine tasks and contractors
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
5. LABELS
a. Manufacturer labeling requirement
b. Employer labeling requirement
c. Labeling exemptions
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS’S)
a. Manufacturer requirementsMSDS developmentRequired informationBlanksMixtures with similar hazardsChanges in informationProvide to employersDistributor responsibility
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
6. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (continued)
a. Employer requirementsAccessibilityRetentionTraveling EmployeesMissing/inadequate MSDS’s
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
7. EMPLOYEE INFORMATION AND TRAINING
a. When providied?
b. Specific versus general training
c. Minimum topics
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
8. TRADE SECRETS
a. What is a trade secret?
b. Who may request information?
c. Denial of requests
HAZCOM PROGRAM ELEMENTS
9. APPENDICES
a. Health Hazard Definitions
b. Hazard Determination
c. Information Sources
d. Definition of Trade Secret
AN INTRODUCTIONTO
THE PRINCIPLES OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
HISTORICAL RECOGNITIONOF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS
PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
GEORGIUS AGRICOLA OBSERVED IN GERMAN MINING
OPERATIONS OF 1556
“... THE AIR..WEIGHS HEAVILY ON THE MINERS, CAUSING
THEM TO BREATHE WITH DIFFICULTY, AND SOMETIMES
THEY ARE EVEN SUFFOCATED...”
PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
BERNARDO RAMAZZINI OBSERVATIONS IN 1713
- PAINTERS, “... SEIZED FIRST WITH PALSY..SPASMS PAIN
IN THE STOMACH .. (HE) WAS IN THE HABIT OF
SQUEEZING THE COLOR FROM HIS BRUSH WITH HIS
FINGERS .. AND .. SUCK(ING) IT.”
- POTTERS, “... PALSIED HANDS, ‘CADAVEROUS’ FACE
WITH THE COLOR OF LEAD ... CARRIES NUMBNESS INTO
THEIR BLOOD ... AND CRUCIFIES THEIR HANDS..”
PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
ALICE HAMILTON
ILLINOIS DISEASE COMMISSION 1910
PROBLEMS OF ENAMEL PAINT OVER METAL BATHTUBS
AND THE IMPORTANCE OF BREATHING LEAD-LADDEN
AIR
“... (WORKERS) ... NO IDEA THAT THE HARMLESS LOOKING
STUFF WAS POISONOUS ...”
PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
ONCE WE RECOGNIZE THE PROBLEM, HOW BIG OF A
PROBLEM IS IT, AND HOW DO WE EVALUATE IT ??
EVALUATING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISKS
AMOUNT AND TIME
DOSE MAKES THE POISON - TABLE SALT EXAMPLE
ADULT AMOUNT TIME EFFECT
SMALL LONG NONE
LARGE SHORT DEATH
PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
THE FINAL QUESTION:
WE RECOGNIZE IT AS A PROBLEM,
WE KNOW THAT IT IS A SERIOUS PROBLEM,
WHAT DO WE DO TO CONTROL THE PROBLEM???
THE HISTORICAL RESPONSE TO WORKPLACE HAZARDS
ENGLISH FACTORY ACTS 1833 PROVIDE COMPENSATION
FOR ACCIDENTS
WORKER COMPENSATION LAWS IN U.S. START IN 1911
U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE INVESTIGATIONS, 1900’S
FEDERAL EMPLOYEE HEALTH SERVICES, 1933
MINING SAFETY ACT OF 1956
COAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT OF 1969
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
1970
THE PRINCIPLES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ARE BASED UPON
ANTICIPATING,RECOGNIZING,EVALUATING,CONTROLLING
WORKPLACE HAZARDS
CATEGORIES OF WORKPLACE HAZARDS
PHYSICAL
ERGONOMIC
BIOLOGICAL
CHEMICAL
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Dusts Millions of Particles per cubic footMineral - SandOrganic - grains Mass per unit of air
(Milligram/cubic meter
of air - mg/m3)
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Mists Mass per unit of air
Acid Mist Milligram/cubic meter
of air - mg/m3
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Fumes Mass per unit of air
Welding Milligram/cubic meter
of air - mg/m3
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Fibers Mass per unit of air
Cotton Dust Milligram/cubic meter
of air - mg/m3
orAsbestos Fibers per unit of air
fibers/cubic centimeter of air - f/cc
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Gases Parts per million parts of air - ppm
Carbon Monoxide ppm
THE NATURE AND STATES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
TYPE OF MATERIAL UNITS OF MEASURE
Vapors Parts per million parts of air - ppmSolvent
or
mass per unit of air
(milligrams/cubic meter of air - mg/m3)
CHEMICAL ACCESS ROUTES TO THE BODY
MOUTH/NOSE - BREATHE IT IN - RESPIRATORY TRACT
SKIN - TOUCH THE SKIN - ABSORPTION
MOUTH - EAT OR DRINK - GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s)
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS (PEL’s)
EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s) OF THE AMERICAN
CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL
HYGIENISTS
A NON-MANDATORY PROFESSIONAL
GUIDELINE FOR CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
EVALUATING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES (TLV’s) CONCEPT
AIRBORNE CONCENTRATION LIMITS OF SUBSTANCES
UNDER WHICH NEARLY ALL WORKERS MAY BE
REPEATLY EXPOSED WITHOUT ADVERSE EFFECT
CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION SUBPART Z,
1910.1000
THE LAW
CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS - ELEMENTS &
EXAMPLES
TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE LIMITS - TWA
NORMAL 8 HOUR DAY
SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT - STEL
SHORT PERIOD OF TIME WITHOUT SUFFERING IRRITATION,
CHRONIC/IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE
CONTROLLING THE RISK OF CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS - ELEMENTS &
EXAMPLES
CEILING LIMITS
A LIMIT THAT SHOULD NOT BE EXCEEDED
SKIN NOTATION
POTENTIAL EXPOSURE VIA SKIN ROUTE
CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF SELECT CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
HEALTH STANDARDS AND PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE
LIMITS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION FOR SELECT CHEMICALS
SUBPART Z, 1910.1001-1450
CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF SELECT CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
SUBPART Z, 1910.1001-1450
CHEMICAL MATERIAL WORKPLACE EXPOSURES
ARSENIC BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN
ASBESTOS CHEMICAL HYGIENE FOR
CADMIUM LABORATORIES
COTTON DUST HAZARD COMMUNICATION
FORMALDEHYDE
LEAD
BIS CHLOROMETHYL ETHER
CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
PEL 0.1 FIBERS/cc
MONITORING
INITIAL
PERIODIC
REGULATED AREA
AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL
NO SMOKING, EATING, DRINKING, ETC.
WARNING SIGNS, LABELS
CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001
WORK PRACTICES
WET METHODS
HOUSEKEEPING
HEPA VACUUMING, NO COMPRESSED AIR
PERIODIC
METHOD OF COMPLIANCE
ENGINEERING AND WORK PRACTICES
RESPIRATORS
WRITTEN PROGRAM
CONTROLLING THE SPECIAL RISK OF ASBESTOS - SUBPART Z, 1910.1001
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
HYGIENE FACILITIES AND PRACTICES
INFORMATION AND TRAINING
MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
RECORDKEEPING