AN INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION TO A GLOBAL PROBLEM. A Global Problem What is cybercrime? How does it...
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Transcript of AN INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION TO A GLOBAL PROBLEM. A Global Problem What is cybercrime? How does it...
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AN INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION TO A GLOBAL
PROBLEM
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A Global Problem
• What is cybercrime?
• How does it affect us ?
• The solution
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Impacts
• Cybercrime (hacking, spoofing, DDOS, ID Theft)Cybercrime (hacking, spoofing, DDOS, ID Theft)• Cyber-terrorismCyber-terrorism• Fraud and money launderingFraud and money laundering• Drug/human/firearm; crossborder(s)Drug/human/firearm; crossborder(s)• HomicideHomicide• BlackmailBlackmail
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Definition of Cybercrime
Cybercrime
&
Cyber Security
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Definition of Cybercrime
Offences against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems
Computer-related offences Content-related offences
• Offences related to intellectual
property rights and similar rights
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The Way it Was vs. How it is Now
The Way it Was• Nearly all crimes were local • Evidence never far from the crime scene
How it is Now• Crimes committed remotely• International element added to any crime• Specialised Procedures & Forensics• Evidence across borders• How to get Legal Assist across borders
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Only Way
International Cooperation
(Laws, Treaty)
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The Solution – The Cybercrime Convention
• Defines key terms
• Provides an overview of substantive offences
• Describes procedural requirements
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AIMS
• Harmonise domestic criminal law
• Establish the necessary procedural powers for investigation and prosecution
• Establish a fast and effective regime of international co-operation
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Cybercrime Convention• Only multilateral treaty for cybercrime
• Already implemented in many countries
• Others taking into consideration to become Party
• Used as Model Law
• Tools for LEA [investigate & evidence collection]
• Flexible mechanisms to avoid conflicts with national legislations and proceedings [sovereignty – options]
• Set a global trend for better cybercrime laws
• Global standard
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Cybercrime Convention
Enable & Facilitate International Cooperation by:
• Harmonise substantive cyber crime law;
• Harmonise procedural law - investigative powers [evidence collection];
• International Cooperation in Fighting Cyber Crime.
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Substantive Criminal Law
• The convention seeks to establish common minimum standards of relevant offences
• Prevent criminals operating from jurisdiction with lower standards
• Facilitate international co-operation
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Structure/Framework
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Structure/FrameworkDefinitions & Substantive provisions:
• Illegal access• Illegal Interception• Data Interference• System Interference • Misuse of Devices• Computer Forgery & Fraud• Child Pornography• Intellectual Property Rights
• Aiding Abetting• Corporate Liability
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Procedural Provisions• Powers
• Procedures
• Collection of Evidence
• Conditions & Safeguards
• Expedited preservation:– stored computer data– and partial disclosure of traffic data
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Procedural Provisions
• Production Order (specified data / subscriber info)
• Search & Seizure of stored computer data
• Real Time Collection of Traffic Data
• Interception of Content Data
• Jurisdiction
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International Cooperation• Default• Extradition• Legal Mutual Assistance• Spontaneous Information• Confidentiality and limitation on use• Expedited preservation of stored computer data• Expedited disclosure of preserved traffic data• Mutual assistance regarding
– accessing of stored computer data – access to real-time collection of traffic data– interception of content data
• 24/7 Network
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Followed?
• Ratifications• Model Laws:
– Commonwealth Model Law– BSA Model Law
• Model Law for Regional frameworks• Model Law itself / Best Practice• Basis for Bilateral Cooperation
UK RATIFICATION – 25 May 2011
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2011 OCTOPUS Interface Conference (21-23 November 2011)
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Results of the Octopus ConferenceNeed to:
• Implementation of the Cybercrime Convention on Cybercrime worldwide
• Strengthen legislation and its implementation• Train law enforcement, prosecutors and judges• Establish high –tech crime and other specialist
units• Make international cooperation more efficient• Improve public/private cooperation, and multi-
stakeholder cooperation • Enhance the protection of children
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Global Project on Cybercrime
Output 1: Legislation & policies• Strengthen legislation (Nigeria, Uganda, Argentina,
Vietnam, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mauritius etc)
• Promote ratifications/accession to Cybercrime Convention
• Promote Cybercrime Convention as global instrument
• Initiate global review of legislation
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Plans
Output 2: International Cooperation
• Strengthen effectiveness of MLA
• Study Implications of cloud computing on law enforcement
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Plans
Output 3:
Investigation: LEA – ISP Cooperation
• Country specific workshops and support
Output 4:
Training Judges and prosecutors India, Egypt, Portugal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mauritius
• Global Prosecutors E-Crime Network (GPEN)
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Five reasons for becoming a partner
1. Common objectives
2. Cost effective participation in a global capacity building effort
3. Public – private cooperation
4. Up to date information on development worldwide
5. Reputational benefits and visibility
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2011 OCTOPUS
Interface Conference
(21-23 November 2011)
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KEY
Commonwealth Model Law
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For Further Information Contact
Contact : Alexander Seger
Email: [email protected]
Tel: +33-3-9021 4506
www.coe.int/cybercrime