An Integrated Security System Optimises Global Port Security

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AN INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEM (ISS) OPTIMISES GLOBAL PORT SECURITYBy Jaco Cronje, Director, EES

Due to global developments, it is becoming increasingly important to enhance and optimise the security of ships and port facilities worldwide. Ports are having to progressively improve safety and security strategies and systems to maintain global security compliance.

ABOUT EES:

Established in 2001, EES Africa (Pty) Ltd specialises in the integration of multiple

system infrastructure including ICT, Data Centres, Audio Visual, Life Safety, Security

and Building Automation Systems. As an ISO 9001:2008 certifi ed company, our

vision is to be Africa’s management, engineering and auditing professional service

provider of choice.

The EES Value Proposition focuses on translating technology into tangible delivera-

bles for clients through the experience of a talented team of Engineering and ICT

Consultants and Project Managers. With offi ces in Cape Town, Johannesburg and

Stellenbosch, EES operates predominantly in the Renewable Energy, Oil & Gas, Fi-

nancial Services, Infrastructure, Utilities, Telecoms and Mining sectors.

CONTENTS

Introduction

Page 2 Context: ISPS Code

Page 2 Security Breaches

Page 3 Solution: an Integrated Security System (ISS)

Page 3 Recommendations

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EES Cape Town offi ce:

G11 Silverberg Terrace3 Silverwood CloseSteenberg Offi ce ParkCape Town 7945

PO Box 31322, Tokai 7966Western Cape, South Africa

Email: [email protected]: +27 (0)21 702 8340Fax: +27 (0) 86 532 3532

EES Johannesburg offi ce:

Unit 8, West Block Loft Offi ces, First Floor, The Zone Phase II, 26 Cradock Avenue, Rosebank, 2186



EES Stellenbosch offi ce:

18 Tegno RoadTechno ParkStellenbosch 7599



Introduction

Due to global developments, it is becoming increasingly important to enhance and optimise the security of ships and port facilities worldwide. Ports are having to progres-sively improve safety and security strategies and systems to maintain global security compliance.

Throughout history, ports have handled a diverse range of traffi c. Because a key objective of a port is to enable ships to dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land, support and storage facilities vary widely and may extend for miles.

Ports are evolving from mere transportation centres to centres directly involved in more complex, value-added activities such as cargo processing and logistics. This requires new processes, practices and technological ad-vances in control, integration and connectivity.

An integral role that technological advances in control, integration and connectivity play is port security and pro-tection of ports against acts of terrorism. The vital need to enhance port security was highlighted in the wake of the events of September 2001, which changed the na-ture of security at all transportation hubs globally. Since then, very signifi cant progress has been made in the de-sign and implementation of leading edge security sys-tems. The piracy attacks of yachts, container vessels and oil tankers globally and especially off the coast of East Africa has further emphasised the need for the security of both ships and other sea vessels.

Today international trade and open commerce produces numerous challenges to port security. Different, complex shipping systems and the need to keep traffi c moving smoothly, exacerbate these challenges. Optimal, inte-grated and automated control in such a complex envi-ronment is required.

The need to improve security is especially important in the case of ports experiencing growth. This in particular applies to emerging economies.

With growth, it is necessary to have security measures that correlate with the increased people volumes, traffi c volumes and threats posed by such an important hub. To accommodate the increased load, correct procedures are in some cases not followed, exposing risks and making ports, product and countries vulnerable to security attacks.

With regard to ports, the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, paves the way for the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) to enhance the security of ships and port facilities. These are all supported by the United Nation’s International Maritime Organisation (IMO).

AN INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEM (ISS) OPTIMISES GLOBAL PORT SECURITY

March 2014

Context: ISPS Code

The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a com-prehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port fa-cilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities after the 9/11 attacks in the United States.

The ISPS Code is implemented through chapter XI-2 “Special measures to enhance maritime security” in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974. The Code has two parts, one mandatory and one recommendatory.

International regulations based on the ISPS Code were enacted by Europe and the United Kingdom in 2004, and in 2002 the United States enacted the provisions of the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 and aligned domestic regulations with the maritime security standards of SO-LAS and the ISPS Code. In essence, the Code takes the approach that ensuring the security of ships and port facilities is a risk management activity and that, to determine what security measures are appropriate, an assessment of the risks must be made in each particular case. The purpose of the Code is to provide a standard-ised, consistent framework for evaluating risk. This enables Governments to offset changes in threat with changes in vulnerability for ships and port facilities through determination of appropriate security levels and corre-sponding security measures.

Security Breaches

Security breaches can manifest themselves as:

• Petty Crime • Syndicates • Espionage • Sabotage • Hostage Taking • National Security Threats • Cyber Crime • Fires • Natural Disasters

As attacks become increasingly advanced, security systems can no longer be viewed as individual silos as was previously the case, but it is essential that all security elements are integrated.

As such, an Integrated Security System (ISS) is required to ensure access to facilities and data is authenticated, authorised and accounted for.

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AN INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEM (ISS) OPTIMISES GLOBAL PORT SECURITY

March 2014

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Written by Jaco CronjeDirector, EESTel +27 (0)10 590 6271, Email [email protected]

Jaco is the Operations Director at EES Africa (Pty) Ltd and a registered Professional Engineer (Electrical and Electronic). He has been involved in Project Directorship and Management of amongst others, FIFA World Cup Stadia, urban surveillance projects, ICT system design and implementation projects in the retail and hospitality industry. Jaco is a Green Star SA Accredited Professional.

Solution: an Integrated Security System (ISS)

The aim of an ISS, which is in line with the ISPS Code, is to:

• Detect security threats and implement security measures• Establish roles and responsibilities concerning maritime security for governments, local administrations, ship and port industries at the national and international level• Collate and promulgate security-related information• Provide a methodology for security assessments in order to have in place appropriate plans and procedures to react to changing security levels

ISS, as the term defi nes, provides a multi-layer, multi-system approach to security. Drawing on experience in analysing security risks to clients across multiple sectors, a list of security systems to be audited, reported on, and recommended can then be identifi ed and recommended.

An ISS solution automatically links all security and surveil-lance activities to the ISPS Code.

The systems listed in the paragraph below are integrated and combined into a single physical space known as a Security Operations Centre. This room is specially de-signed to optimise lighting, temperature, air quality, dis-play areas, ergonomics and operations.

The systems are:

• CCTV which includes - Facial Detection - Number Plate Recognition - Analytics• Weighbridges - Access Control which includes Biometric and Time & Attendance• Electronic Scanning• Technology Supporting Mobile Security Staff• Fire Detection• Intruder Alarm Systems• Hard Wired Alarms• PA Systems with Full Bi-directional Audio• Physical Security Information Management (PSIM) • Port Management Software - Network Security which includes Authentication Servers, Security Policies, Firewalls and Encryption• Asset Tracking• Holding Cells• Search Facilities• Visitor Management Systems

Recommendations

Ports need to ensure compliance to international codes and best practices for safety of their clients (vessels & people) and to retain international cer-tifi cations.

Annual audits of the technology, facilities, procedures and skill sets need to be conducted to ensure ports stay competitive in terms of security man-agement.

An experienced security advisory and project management company, skilled in use of the relevant technology, should be appointed to provide the re-quired professional services to implement an ISS platform.

The professional services provider would focus on:

• Audit and document current practices with regards to people and process• Providing advice to government and commercial bodies on security matters• Adapting existing systems and sourcing cutting edge technology• Planning and design of security systems• Independent procurement and tender evaluation• Supervision of system installations• System integration and commissioning• Testing of port security systems• Crisis management planning

An Integrated Security System Optimises Global Port Security

Technology

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