An Insight into Antennas for IoT/M2M · Case Study II. Hearing Aid Systems. Few outcomes: 1)Ideal...
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George Shaker, PhD, SM-IEEE Principal Scientist & Head of Research Spark Tech Labs 680 Davenport Rd. Waterloo, ON, N2V 2T3 http://www.cloudhawk.com/ Assistant Professor (Adjunct) Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 http://Ciars.uwaterloo.ca An Insight into Antennas for IoT/M2M Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT)
Transcript of An Insight into Antennas for IoT/M2M · Case Study II. Hearing Aid Systems. Few outcomes: 1)Ideal...
George Shaker, PhD, SM-IEEE
Principal Scientist & Head of ResearchSpark Tech Labs
680 Davenport Rd.Waterloo, ON, N2V 2T3
http://www.cloudhawk.com/
Assistant Professor (Adjunct)Electrical & Computer Engineering
University of Waterloo200 University Avenue West, Waterloo,
ON, N2L 3G1http://Ciars.uwaterloo.ca
An Insight into Antennas for IoT/M2M
Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT)
Copyright
© The use of this work is restricted solely for academic purposes. The author of this work owns the copyright and no reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission by the author.
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Some consider Antennas as mere pieces of wire that are irrelevant to product
development. Others consider them the key to the success of any wireless
product.
Where do we stand?
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The “Things”
The Network
The Cloud
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NFC Bluetooth ZigBee WiFi WiMax GSM/Edge LTE
Power v. Low v. Low v. Low Low-High High High High
Speed (Mbs) 0.4 1 .25 10-100 10-100 .4 >100
Range 10cm 10m 300m 20m Few Km Few Km Few Km
Application
Initiate Service
Pay on the go
Health and Fitness
Sensornetworks
Automation
Internet Metro-internet Cell phones Smart-
phones
Cost Low Low Medium Medium High High High
Other Wireless Network technologies for IoT/M2M & Higher data rates are being developed (i.e. 5G using mmWaves)
The Available Networks
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The Device
Sensors&
PeripheralsµController Radio Transceiver
Power Source
Power Management
Application Drivers
GPIO SPI UART ADC Timer I2C
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A Prototype device (Thing)
A single radio board with multiple sensors.
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The Package
Apple Watch
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Electromagnetics: The Antenna ,Radiation, & Emissions
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Some TerminologyPower SourceLog Scale Units
Antenna Bandwidth
Antenna Element Antenna Array
Antenna Feed Efficiency Antenna Radiation Efficiency
Antenna Scattering Parameters
Antenna Pattern Antenna Directivity
Certifications
Total Radiated Power Total Isotropic Sensitivity
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Some Terminology
Log Scale Units
dB Power Ratio
100 10^10
20 10^2 (100)
10 10^1 (10)
6 ≈ 4
3 ≈ 2
0 1
-3 ≈ 0.5
-6 ≈ 0.25
-10 10^-1 (0.1)
-20 10^-2 (0.01)
-30 10^-3 (0.001)
-100 10^-10
Typically used for expressing ration of two
Values of a physical quantity
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Some Terminology
Voltage measured in VoltsCurrent measured in AmpereBattery Capacity in mAH
Power Source
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Some Terminology
Antenna Element Antenna Array
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Some TerminologyAntenna Pattern Antenna Directivity
OmnidirectionalDirectionalDirectivityMain Lobe
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Some TerminologyAntenna Feed Efficiency Antenna Radiation Efficiency
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Some Terminology
Antenna BandwidthAntenna Scattering Parameters
Antenna Impedance
vs.System
Impedance(50Ω)
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Some TerminologyTotal Radiated Power Total Isotropic Sensitivity
Radio Transceiver
USB Camera
Processor Memory
Screen Batt
vs. Conducted Delivered Power
vs. Conducted Received Power
CTIA OTA Test Plan v.3.2.2 and the 3GPP TS 34.114
Emissions? Sensitivity?
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Note on TIS & Radio Desense
Radio 1
USB
Camera
Processor
Memory
Screen
Batt
Radi
o 2
Radio 5
Radi
o 3
Radio 4
Typical Antennas• Monopole/Dipole Antenna• Patch Antenna• Inverted F-Antenna (IFA/PIFA)• Slot Antenna• Chip Antenna
BW Pattern Efficiency
λ/4 Rule
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Some Terminology Certifications
FCC PTCRB
• TRP• TIS• SAR• HAC• Out of Band
Emissions• Carrier
RequirementsCost to production
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Designing a wireless product is tricky and expensive!
So, how can companies in the KW area launch successful IoT products without the burden
of the hefty development costs?
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One Way: Tap into the pool of Talents and Facilities
EM Radiation Lab
Rapid Prototyping Lab
RF/MW/MMW System Lab
THz/Photonics Lab
Vehicular Mobile Radio Network Lab and Outdoor Test Road Track
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Case Studies from the Local Tech Community
Wearable Hand Band Hearing Aid Systems Medical Sensors
Vitals Monitoring Nano Satellites Drones & UAVs
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Case Study I
Photo from FCC website
Best Possible Antenna for the given product package?
Wearable Hand Band
Remember the λ/4 Rule?
Few outcomes:1) Student Training2) FCC approval. Product in
Market
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Case Study II Hearing Aid Systems
Few outcomes:1) Ideal operational freq.2) Suitable Antenna Design3) Few patents4) Few publications5) Training of 2 PhDs + 4 MASc
+ few co-ops6) Initiation of multiple joint
research projects7) A working product!
Acknowledgment
Some consider Antennas as mere pieces of wire that are irrelevant to product development. Others consider them
the key to the success of their wireless product. Both Camps can be Correct!
Questions?: [email protected]
