An Energy Abundant Eco City - Purcy Marte.pdf

7/29/2019 An Energy Abundant Eco City - Purcy Marte.pdf

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An Energy Abundant Eco City

We make

future cities

Purcy Marte1211617

The Why Factory (T?F)

Faculty of Architecture

Technical University Delft

Tutors:

Pirjo HaikolaUlf Hackauf

Huib Plomp

Professor:

Winy Maas

09 10 2010

Optimizing the eco-city model after the energy revolution


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Model #1

ProblemStatement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes

Index:


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Model #1

ProblemStatement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes


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water

land

70,8%

29,2%

Planet Earth

www.footprintnetwork.org


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surfaces

48 583 358 km2

36 777 123 km2

1 515 343 km2

62 064 176 km2

29 272 400 km2

331 859 600 km2

rest water

fishing grounds

unproductive land

built up land

agricultural land

forests

Planet Earth



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70,8%

29,2%

water

land

Planet Earth


8/133

48 583 358 km2

36 777 123 km2

1 515 343 km229 272 400 km2

rest water

fishing grounds

unproductive land

built up landagricultural land

forests

Biocapacity


Earths available resources

biocapacity


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Were using more recources than the earth can profide!

48 583 358 km2

42 663 965 km2

36 777 123 km2

81 853 801 km2

1 515 343 km2

1 515 343 km229 272 400 km2

16 239 107 km2

rest water

fishing grounds

unproductive land

built up landagricultural land

forests

Footprint


biocapacity footprint


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Africa

Middle East and

Central Asia

Asia Pacic

global footprint

biocapicity

cropland

grazing land

forest

shing ground

North America

Europe

- 0,03 gha/

0,23 gha/

- 0,06 gha/

0,10 gha/

- 0,03 gha/

0,14 gha/

- 0,45 gha/

0,09 gha/

- 0,04 gha/

0,02 gha/

- 0,33 gha/

0,05 gha/

0,08 gha/

0,13 gha/

0,33 gha/

0,14 gha/

0,23 gha/

0,05 gha/

- 0,62 gha/

0,34 gha/

0,02 gha/

0,10 gha/

- 0,28 gha/

0,18 gha/

Specific Footprint



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19651961 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

14,0

HUMANITYS ECOLOGICAL

FOOTPRINT

EARTHS BIOCAPACITY

BILLIONG

L

OBALHECTARES

TIME

7,0

13,0

17,4

13,4

16,0

17,0

Humanitys ecological footprint and biocapacity(in billion global hectares)

Were using more resources than the earth has to offer

We are in an environmental crisis!

Footprint in Time



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2000 A.D.1000 A.D.-1000 B.C.-2000 B.C.-3000 B.C.-4000 B.C.-5000 B.C.-6000 B.C.-7000 B.C.-8000 B.C.-9000 B.C.-10000 B.C. 0

1950 - 2,4 billion

2050 - 9,9 billion

industrialization

world population growth througout history

World population growth

Causes

http://www.vaughns-1-pagers.com/history/world-population-growth.

htm

US Department of Commerce

1


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Development

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

0,000 0,200 0,400 0,600 0,800 1,000

GlobalFootprint/capita(gha)

Human Development Index (HDI)

earths biocapacity

high human development treshold

United Arab Emirates

Morocco

Mauritania

NigerHaiti

Netherlands

Norway

United Kingdom

United States

Columbia

Qatar

Kazakhstan

China

Causes

Global Footprint Network, 2009 report.

UN Human Development index, 2009 data.

2


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Were putting more pressure on the earths resources

The world is being required

to accommodate not just more

people, but effectively larger

people

- Catton (1986)

Conclusion

Urban ecological footprints


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of;

people, energy consumption,

material consumption,

knowledge, waste

Urbanisation = Concentration

Sustainability and Cities

William E. Rees and Mathis Wackernagel


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50% of the world population

lives in urban areas

The prognosed world population

growth will happen in cities

A sustainable solution should

be found in cities

1950 1975 2000 2005 2030

Sustainability and Cities

UN: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision


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Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes


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Model #1:

The generic self providing city

CITY MODEL the energy abundant eco city by purcy marte 2010 10 08CITY MODEL


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_CITY MODEL the energy abundant eco city by purcy marte 2010 10 08

generic city eco-c ty energy a un anant eco-c ty

pop.: 1 000 000 inhabitants

_CITY MODEL

Self-reliant generic cityresearch project with Ricardo Schoonewolff



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1car o c oonewo urcy a e

Remote Cities

nve

ovan em

Albacete

emote ty: more than 50% of thepopulation lives more than 45 minutes

travel by road to a city at least 50,000

inhabitants.

Intermediate, remote regions

Predominantly rural, remote regions

Remote Rural Regions

by Lewis Dijkstra and Hugo Poelman

source




_C O

Remote cities as reference



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Average living area / capita

European standard average:

31,0 m2 / capita

Remote Cities

_ gy bu y by pu y



_

Eurostat living standards

statistics

_CITY MODEL the energy abundant eco city by purcy marte 2010 10 08_CITY MODEL


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_





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Dwellings: 31.000.000 m2

28%





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Offices: 23.300.000 m2

21%





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Commerce: 13.300.000 m2

12%





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Public buildings: 16.700.000 m2

15%





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Industry: 12.000.000 m2

11%





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Offices: 23.300.000 m2

Commerice: 13.300.000 m2


Parks and squares: 14.300.000 m2

Industry: 12.000.000 m2

Total: 110.600.000 m2





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Agriculture: 16.700.000 m2


Offices: 23.300.000 m2




Industry: 12.000.000 m2

Total: 127.300.000 m2





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Offices: 23.300.000 m2




Industry: 12.000.000 m2

Agriculture: 16.700.000 m2

SPECIFIC PROGRAMME:

624 hotels (54,200 bed places)

40 hospitals (11,100 beds)

27 theaters (21,200 seats)

66 libraries (2,000,000 volumes)

225 primary schools for 90,000 students

119 secondary 1 schools for 89,000 students26 secondary 2 schools for 90,000 students

47 museums

20 fire stations

Total: 127.300.000 m2





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The generic city is unsustainable!

sources The Why Factory, Green City

Calculator Outline proposal




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Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes

Problem Statement


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Problem Statement:

Can we create cities without negative impact on the environment?

Problem Statement


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Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes


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Model #2:

eco-city



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energy a un anant eco-c ty


gener c c ty eco-city

Traditional eco-city modelanalysis of current eco-cities

Ecopolis, Architecture and Cities for a Changing Climate, Paul F Downton

http://www.culturechange.org/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=172&Itemid=1

http://www.sustainable-city.org/Plan/Food/Intro.htm

CASE STU IES:

MASDAR CITY

DONGTAN CITY


i


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t t

_CITY MODEL

t it


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/2

energy a un anant eco-c tygener c c ty eco-city



energy a un anant eco c ty

_CITY MODEL

gener c c ty eco city


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-sensible public transport

-energy reduction

limited city size


Ecopolis, Architecture and Cities for a Changing Climate, Paul F Downton

pop.: 500 000 inhabitants


energy a un anant eco c ty

_CITY MODEL

gener c c ty eco city


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green energy production

solar power plant

wind turbinesbiomass

power plant





_CITY MODEL



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water systems

desalination plant

treatment plant




43/133



_CITY MODEL



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energy a un anant eco c tygener c c ty eco city




_CITY MODEL



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N

gy yg y y




_CITY MODEL



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sun orientation

gy yg y y




_CITY MODEL



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_CITY MODEL



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narrow streets,

high density

-sensible public transport

-walking distances-climate control




_CITY MODEL



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_CITY MODEL



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-reduction of building energy

limited building height




_CITY MODEL



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_CITY MODEL



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_CITY MODEL


500 000 i h bit t


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thick structure

-reduction of heating energy




_CITY MODEL


pop : 500 000 inhabitants


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small openings




_CITY MODEL




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_CITY MODEL




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ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use




_CITY MODEL




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200MW green energy

produced

pv cells, windfarm,

other small sources,

insulation, public transit

ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use

Accepting 30 degrees indoor climite instead of 20 degrees

Interview, Peter Mensinga




_CITY MODEL




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sources World Resource Institute

http://earthtrends.wri.org/searchable_db/index.php?step=countries&ccID%5B%5D=0&allcou

ntries=checkbox&theme=6&variable_ID=351&action=select_years

200MW green energy

produced

pv cells, windfarm,



ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use

Insufficient

12 1

2

4

57

8

9

10

1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W

1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W

1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W 1 00 W

30 kWh = The energy to light thirty 100W lightbulbs for 10 hours

p p



_CITY MODEL




59/133

200MW green energy

produced

pv cells, windfarm,



ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use

concrete, stone, insulation

exhaustion

closed facades, concrete, stone

well insulated

Well insulating, but deplatable

Duivesteijn.K, DCBA-kwartet Duurzaam Bouwen, 2001



_CITY MODEL




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200MW green energy

produced

pv cells, windfarm,



ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use


exhaustion



_CITY MODEL




61/133

200MW green energy

produced

insufficient, rest imported hydroponic farm

pv cells, windfarm,



ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use


exhaustion

Insufficient

Rest must be imported

larger farms consume toomuch energy

http://www.sustainable-city.org/Plan/Food/intro.htm

Pop-Up Cities: China Builds a Bright Green Metropolis, Interview with Alejandro Gutierrez



_CITY MODEL




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200MW green energy

produced

insufficient, rest imported

100% primary consumption

insufficient for virtual use

desalination, grey and

black water recycling

hydroponic farm

pv cells, windfarm,



ECO CITY MODEL

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use


exhaustion

Dan Weisser, Masdar City Project

Development Overview

Insufficient


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200MW green energy

produced






hydroponic farm

electric transportation

pv cells, windfarm,



air control regulations

ECO CITY MODEL

sufficient

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use


exhaustion



O.K.

CO2 Capture

Electric transportation

Air quality regulations



_CITY MODEL




64/133

200MW green energy

produced






hydroponic farm


pv cells, windfarm,




ECO CITY MODEL

sufficient

max 2 percent to landfill recycling system,

PRT waste collection,

waste to energy

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use


exhaustion




65/133

200MW green energy

produced






hydroponic farm


pv cells, windfarm,




ECO CITY MODEL

sufficient



waste to energy

medium density

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use average


exhaustion

FSI 1,5

dens. copenhagen

pop. 150.000

Average density



_CITY MODEL




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200MW green energy

produced






hydroponic farm


pv cells, windfarm,




ECO CITY MODEL

sufficient



waste to energy

medium density

Energy

DOMAIN

Materials

Food

Water

Air

Waste

Land Use average


exhaustion



_CITY MODEL




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Ecocity analysis conclusion:

Not holistic, due to green energy

shortage

Eco-city aim to minimize energy

consumption to make every Joulecount!

Problem Statement


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Problem Statement:


model #2 = No


69/133

Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes


70/133

Energy Revolution

Energy Revolution


71/133

The sun will solve the energy problem

-Peter Mensinga, ARUP

Interview, Peter Mensinga

E = MC2

Energy from the Sun


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Fusion reaction:

E=mc2

deuterium tritium

helium

energy

How the sun produces energy

Capture it


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Solar thermal power

3% of the Sahara covered to meet

to the worlds energy demand

parabolic trough technology

Solar Millenium. The parabolic trough power plants Andasol 1 to 3

Mimic it


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The amount of energy released is about four million times ashigh as i.e. burning of coal.

Virtually limitless fuel supply

Inherently safe

International research programme

Core fusion reactor

http://www.efda.org/fusion_energy/fusion_research_today.htm

Energy Abundance


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A few decades from now, Energyabundance might become reality

Consequences?

The Venus Project?

post scarcity society


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Zeitgeist, Addendum

-Scarcity is the root of all evil

-The monetary system creates scarcity

-Abundant resources: no reason to sell or buy anything

-End of the capitalistic system

-Free of labor, crime, greed, hate and fear

post scarcity society

The Venus Project?


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Zeitgeist, Addendum

-Scarcity is the root of all evil

-The monetary system creates scarcity

-Abundant resources: no reason to sell or buy anything

-End of the capitalistic system

-Free of labor, crime, greed, hate and fear

Economy

The allocation of scarce resources by human beings in the most efficient way


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CURRENT

ECONOMY:

air

food, water, goods

services

real estate

raw materials

knowledgeenergy

LOWVALUE

VALUE

HIGHVALUE

http://www.kurzweilai.net/articles/art0671.html?printable=1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_scarcity

Economy


79/133

CURRENT

ECONOMY:

air

food, water, goods

services

real estate

raw materials

knowledgeenergy

WIDESPREAD

ABUNDANCE

airenergy

knowledge

raw materials

food, water, goods

services

real estate

reputation

LOWVALUE

VALUE

HIGHVALUE



Economy


80/133

CURRENT

ECONOMY:

air

food, water, goods

services

real estate

raw materials

knowledgeenergy

WIDESPREAD

ABUNDANCE

airenergy

knowledge

raw materials

food, water, goods

services

real estate

reputation

ENERGY

ABUNDANCE

airenergy

food, water, goods

services

real estate

raw materialsknowledge

LOWVALUE

VALUE

HIGHVALUE

Central in new economy: materials and knowledge



Economy


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Zeitgeist, Addendum

Conclusion:

Energy abundance no reason for new socialism

Capitalistic economy survives

but changes radically..

Headlines


82/133

The end of oil..now that two of the biggest producers are out of

business. The competition from the green energy

camp is simply too mighty...

H

Headlines


83/133




electrictransportsector

ugemarketforelectrictechnology

H

Headlines


84/133





ugemarketforelectrictechnologyRecycling business booming..with this crazy electricity rate, its simply cheaper to

re-use materials rather than to quarry for new..

H

Headlines


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re-use materials rather than to quarry for new..Householdelectricityconsum

ptiondoubles

..energyisspilledlikewatersincethe

negativeconsequencesfortheenviron-

mentandwalletdissappeared...

H

Headlines


86/133







ptiondoubles



mentandwalletdissappeared...Freeelectricit

yspotsin

Vondelpar

k

..theci

tycounsil

agreedth

atenergy

shouldbegiven

a

morepublicchar

acter..

Th d f ilH

k f l i

R li b i b i

Headlines


87/133







ptiondoubles



mentandwalletdissappeared...Freeelectric

ityspotsin

Vondelpa

rk

..theci

tycounsil

agreedth

atenergy

shouldbegiven

a

morepublicchar

acter..

365daysofsummer

..thesubsurfaceheatpumpsgeneratea

pleasant30degreesclimate..

Th d f ilH

k t f l t i t

R li b i b i

Z

Headlines


88/133







ptiondoubles




ityspotsin

Vondelpa

rk

..thec

itycounsil

agreedth

atenergy

shouldbegiven

a

morepublicchar

acter..

365daysofsummer



JeanMarieMassaud

Zeppelinsusepowerplantswasteproduct..heliumpoweredairshipsoffercheapintercitytransit..

Th d f ilHu

k t f l t i t h

R li b i b i

Z li

f i !

Headlines


89/133





gemarketforelectrictechnologyRecycling business booming..with this crazy electricity rate, its simply cheaper to


ptiondoubles




ityspotsin

Vondelpa

rk

..thec

itycouns

ilagreed

thatenerg

yshouldbegiven

a

morepublicchar

acter..

365daysofsummer



JeanMarieMassaud

Zeppelinsusepowerplantswasteproduct..heliumpoweredairshipsoffercheapintercitytransit..

weburbanist.com

Firstbikeonfusionpower!


90/133

Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes


91/133

Model #3:

The energy abundant eco city

_CITY MODELthe energy abundant eco city by purcy marte 2010 10 08

eco-c ty

_CITY MODELgener c c ty energy abundanant eco-city


92/133

New Evaluation system for the City Model:1:test resource acquisition (quantification)

2:test sustainability (environmental effects )

Resource

amount:

source:

unit / capita

source

x

1

2

How much resource is

supplied to the city?

What are the consequences of

acquiring those resources?


eco-c ty



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simplified parameterset:

.World population

.City population

.EnergyConsumption (num)

.EnergySource (name)

.EnergySustainability (int)

.FoodAmount (num)

.FoodSource (name)

.FoodSustainability (int)

.WaterAmount (num)

.WaterSource (name)

.WaterSustainability (int)

.SpaceAmount (num)

.Density (num)

.SpaceSustainability (int)

.Materialtype (name).MaterialAmount (num)

.MaterialSource (name)

.MaterialSustainability (int)


eco-c ty




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eco-c ty




95/133

city size unlimited

Energy


eco-c ty




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amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

.EnergyConsumption = 7330 MW

MASDAR use:

ay cap ta

High income use:

176 kWh/ day/ capita

174

World Resource Institute

http://earthtrends.wri.org/searchable_db/index.php?step=countries&ccID%5B%5D=0&allcou

ntries=checkbox&theme=6&variable_ID=351&action=select_years

EnergykWh / it / d


eco-c ty




97/133

amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

174

core fusion

17 500 000 m2/ MW

Energyamount: kWh / capita / day174


eco-c ty




98/133

amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day3503

core fusion

174

FAO Stat 2005

http://faostat.fao.org/site/609/DesktopDefault.

aspx?PageID=609#ancor

3100

3200

3300

3400

3500

3600

3700

3800

Aust ria D enmark Franc e Germany Italy Norway Spain Unit ed

Kingdom

3503 kCal:

average west-european consumptionkCal

Food Consumption per capita per day(west european countries) 3503 kCal/ capita avg.

.FoodConsumption =

3 503 000 Mcal / day



eco-c ty




99/133

amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day3503

core fusion

174



eco-c ty




100/133

source:

p y

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

hydroponic farms

19 230 769 m2


101/133


102/133



eco-c ty




103/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

desalination

4739

vertical farm

core fusion

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

low

95,3

3503

desalination plant

189 560 m2



eco-c ty



purification plant544 985 m2


104/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

purification

4739

vertical farm

core fusion

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

low

95,3

3503

544 985 m2



eco-c ty




105/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

.Ma ize

ti ;

terials



eco-c ty




106/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503



eco-c ty




107/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

O., Gunes,O. High-Rise Buildings: Evolution and Innovations, 2004

Relative bui

hows hyperb

with building h

oro ie2 stories st rst

1,, t e 0,25 tonne/ m2 ,, n 1,0 ton

Rovers, Ronald. How Tall is a sustainable building?, 2008

http://www.magnaclad.com/pages/Construction/



eco-c ty




108/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503



eco-c ty




109/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503



eco-c ty




110/133

single story

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

Rovers, Ronald. How Tall is a sustainable building?, 2008

http://www.magnaclad.com/pages/Construction/



eco-c ty




111/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503



eco-c ty




112/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503



eco-c ty




113/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

f i

186


eco-c ty



Traditional material assessment method:

.MaterialType


114/133

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

D. J. Harris. A quantitative ap-

proach to the assessment of the

environmental imp

Mineral wool

Timber (local oak)

Brick (Fletton)

Crushed graniteaggregate

l il

i h i h bl k

i b(I d d

l i

l

l

h i i h

4l i i

Embodied energy

(kWh/m3)

Mineral wool

imber (l l oak

ri k ( l n

r sh d rani e

l il

Li h i h bl k

Timber(Imported softwood)

Plastics

l

l

h i i h

opper

.4luminium

Energy Resistance

(per 100mm)

Energy is not a factor anymore

.MaterialType= steel, glass

.MaterialSource= recyclingEnergy

amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

186


eco-c ty




115/133

Recycling PotentialScarcity of Raw

Materials

i l l

Timber (local oak)

i k ( l

ru he granite

lay tile

on rete

Ligh w ight bl k s


l i

l

l

h i i h

. l i i

i l l

Timber (local oak)

i k ( l


l y til s

ncre e

Lightwei htblock

Timber(Import d softwood

l i

Glass

Steel

h i i h

Copper

.4luminium



environmental imp

Energy abundant material assessment method:

source:

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

.MaterialType= steel, glass

.MaterialSource= recycling

core fusion

186


eco-c ty




116/133

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

Recycling PotentialScarcity of Raw

Materials

i l l

Timber (local oak)

ri k ( letton)

ru he granite

lay tile

on rete

Ligh w ight bl k s


l i

l

l

h i i h

. l i i

i l l

Timber (local oak)

rick ( l tt n)


l y til s

ncre e

Lightwei htblock

Timber(Import d softwood

l i

Glass

Steel

h i i h

Copper

.4luminium



environmental imp

Energy abundant material assessment method:

Bacillus Pasteurii bacteria turn

sandgrains into solid rock. It

wont decay, and theres no

waste- Bob Ursem

http://www.magnuslarsson.com/architecture/dune.asp

http://www.neatorama.com/tag/bacillus-pasteurii/

.MaterialType = Sandstone

.MaterialSource = Manufacturing

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

core fusion

3503

steel

glassEnergy

amount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

201


eco-c ty




117/133

sandstone

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

steel

95,3

recycling

19 885

vertical farm

3503


118/133

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day.MaterialConsumption = minimizeminimal structure:

core fusion

201


eco-c ty




119/133

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

Forces should be transferred to thefoundation as direct as possible.

+

-

+

-

Moments of

force require

more material

than normal

forces.

Effective beams

are thick on the

outside and thin

around the

neutral area.

profiled plateD35 1.2mm:

plate 1.2mm:

C 100*50*10 thick 1.0mm:

solid 80*10mm:

round 76.1 thick 3mm:

raatligger IPE 200:

IPE 400:

IPE 200:

IPE 80:

1,5 m

4,5 m

4,5 m

16,7 m

15,9 m

18,5 m

8,3 m2

10,6 m2

57.8 m

Jellema 9, Bouwmethoden Utiliteitsbouw. Utrecht; ThiemeMeulenhoff Zutphen 2004.

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

steel

recycling

19 885

3503

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

201


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL

gener c c ty energy abundanant eco-city


120/133

light steel frame

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

steel

recycling

12 254

3503


121/133

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

201


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL



122/133

vonoroi shape

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

steel

recycling

12 254

3503

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

201


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL



123/133

Wateramount:

source:

L / capita / day

Foodamount:

source:

kCal / capita / day

Spaceamount:

density:

m2 / capita

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

simulate

M

desalination

4739

low

95,3

vertical farm

steel

recycling

12 254

3503


124/133

Food source:traditional

griculture

land use (biocapacity)

environmental effects:sources:consumption::


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL



125/133

Material source:arrying

rowthrecycling

m ufacturing

vertical

farming

Water source:

esalin tion





ssionCO2 Em

depletio

depletio

ic gassesther to

waste

waste

waste

purificationundw ter

ater

de

ediulow density

core fusion

Energy source:

CITY

140kWh/capita

CITY

Desalination plant:

Core fusion material requirements (tonne)

Tokamak

building

Tokamak

service

building

Conventional

buildings

fusion

core

conventional

parts total

Concrete (t) 806.822 187.887 68.775 8.530 1.072.014

Rebar (t) 109 431 12 203 18 582 140 216

x MW/ tonne


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL



126/133


Core fusion reactor

CITY

Recycling plant

devices

heating

cooling

lighting 300m2/ MW

size: 1 000 000 inh.

x

need: 140 kWh/ day/ capita

58 333 MW

x MW/ tonne

2000 tonne/ MW

x L/ tonne

0,25 L/ MW

transport

construction

car

Rebar (t) 109.431 12.203 18.582 140.216

Embedded steel (t) 5.177 201 5.378

Structural steel (t) 22.358 19.778 10.008 52.144

Lithium 232 232

Beryllium 76 76

Boron 54 54

Carbon 224 224

Nitrogen 68 68Silicon 281 281

Vanadium 58 58

Chrome 7.882 7.882

Manganese 2.604 2.604

Iron 39.953 39.953

Nickel 2.766 2.766

Coppe 3.339 3.339

Niobium 128 128

Molybdenum 577 577

Zinc 91 91

Tantalum 111 111

Tungsten 465 465

Lead 34.433 34.433

Copper 210 210

Oil 359 359

Plastic 125 125

sum 1.363.788 tonne

ca. 2000 tonne/ MW

x L/ tonne

CITY

Desalination plant:

CITY

Desalination plant:

x MW/ tonne


eco-c ty


_CITY MODEL



127/133


Core fusion reactor

CITY

Recycling plant


Core fusion reactor

CITY

Recycling plant

devices

heating

cooling

lighting 300m2/ MW

size: 1 000 000 inh.

x

need: 140 kWh/ day/ capita

58 333 MW

x MW/ tonne

2000 tonne/ MW

x L/ tonne

0,25 L/ MW

transport

construction

car

x L/ tonne


128/133

Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes

Problem Statement:


Conclusion


129/133



model #2 =

Once green energy is

abundant, Yes we can!


130/133

Model #1

Problem

Statement

Model #3

Urgency

Model #2

Energy Revolution

Conclusion

Extremes

Ultimate dematerialization is

replacing matter by energy

Extremes


131/133

replacing matter by energy..

how far can we go?

Energyamount:

source:

kWh / capita / day

core fusion

500


132/133

Materials

amount:

source:

type:

kg / capita / year

M

steel

recycling

400

The end..


133/133

We make

future cities

Purcy Marte

1211617

The Why Factory (T?F)

Faculty of Architecture

Technical University Delft

Tutors:

Pirjo Haikola

Ulf Hackauf

Huib Plomp

Professor:

Winy Maas

09 10 2010

An Energy Abundant Eco City - Purcy Marte.pdf

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Transcript of An Energy Abundant Eco City - Purcy Marte.pdf