An Analysis of Production Structures and Costs of Dairy ... ·...
Transcript of An Analysis of Production Structures and Costs of Dairy ... ·...
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An Analysis of Production Structures andCosts of Dairy Farms in Taiwan
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( 19 )
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22.27
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30.172 100 27,211 100 29,510 100
19.749 65 18.425 68 19.382 66
5.796 16 4,341 14 3.114 11 3.884 13
7,059 19 4.993 17 4,599 17 5.070 I 17
1,760 5 1.089 4 1.073 4 1,174 I 4I
------- - - ---"-_._----._-----
14.59 11.99 10.48 11.53
rjj1iJi 96 iff{
li;;$:pt(
Lji :IS.J 'ffl,P fiJi t(
68
31.33
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27.28
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~ t!l 19,503 67 18.783 60 19,382 66
* \ell( 3,642 13 5.071 16 3,884 13
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LjS~'ffl,0!TfiX;;$: 11.23 13.07 11.53
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(20)
-171-
7,172.80
29,509.77
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36,682.57 100
28.467.03 77.60
8.215.54 22.40
100
I_________ J_2,642.84
26,603.48 83.08
5,418.58 16.92
32,022.06
29,379.22
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11.57
12.62
1.05
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14.33
2.80
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4ij: iji .QX; ;;$: 39,832
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30,172 27.211 29.142 31.319 29.510
f,j: iji l& ~ 36,772 36.362 36.851 37,283 33,730 36.683I
4ij:-0fTJf<* 14.59 I 11.99 10.48 11.23 13.07 11.53I
i'J-0ff1&1.it 14.57 I 14.45 14.33 14.37 14.08 14.33
~ * it 0.99 1.21 1.37 1.28 1.08 1.24
jf'jSf-*iW! : ;;$:~~\\lft 0
( 21 )
-172-
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34,704-;;;;T;3-'-6~-5-~29.510
ij fiji 1& ~ 34.036 35,039 36.948 37.969 36,683
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'E¥0FrW,(~ 15.56 14.42 14.40 14.06 14.33
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j j+b7YXI+~CiDj+~diDj S + u (1)
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( 23 )
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DI:~~*~~~m~~ftzd~~~
D. _ f 1 '&~pJl1n'~ j (l[l- {O'M~P~JI~~ j (l[ j =2,3,4,5
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l:.&.~tJ!f15U8~If71- ' f,';j~If:(EiJlIJ!£~~~ §~~r~,z.,f§IiII:t'U\t(multico
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AC= (b, + b, +d j ) + (a + blX 1 +bnX2+ baXa+b, Y +b-YX1 ) /S ·.. · (3)
1:~ffili~~UMi~i}'I3;!IUlfi8W-g~I1Utlrj~7I-' jIUIfl:~m~:ffz1J~ 0 ~tE.
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( 24 )
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1Ggef.iJM~ffIj (X 1) ftZP;jt;JJjj(;*®~.ffii~'s;J,{9='X 1 B9(f,1k 2.04 5C.~A+~.mMf.iJM~•••~ZP;~nlt*~••~,mJEt~~.A+A.&A+~.~Il~~~~'A+A.~~•• -3.965C (-5.998+2.04) ;J,{jf;mAM~~
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f[J;4-1 : ~_f[ G. S. Maddala, Econometrics, McGraw-Hill Company. 1977.P. 265-268.
( 25)
-176-
0.656
0.742
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2.134.44- 0.134I
2,088.47- 0.689
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1.988.07I
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20.811.07, 109,718,40 0.189
24.071.19 83.463.641
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15.939.11' 73,143.53 0.218
43,675.07 69.115.87 0.632
1.838***- 285.31:!
1.210 1.439.16
2.145** 2,535.88
1.113 1.782.11<
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0.049
0.047
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1.725 -1.491
1.630 -3.656*
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0.093 ,0.060'
i0.101,
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2.0401
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15. Borts, George. H., "The Estimation of Rail Cost Function",
Econometrica, 28(1): 108-131, January 1960.
16. De Boer, A. J. "A Further Report on the Taiwan Livestock
industry: General Policy, Conclusions and Future Research
Needs", ••~~*:¥flj ,19: 116-129, *~:k!'¥.~~5Em,~m~+
li:¥~JjQ
17. Hopkin, John A., "Economies of size in the Cattle-Feeding
Industry of California", J. F. E., 40: 417-429, 1958.
18. Johnston, J. Statisical Cost Analysis, New York: Me Graw-Hill,
1960.
19. Maddala, G. S. Econometrics, PP. 265-268, 1977(~~t]R~i!Jjjj)20. Matulich, Scottc., "Efficiencies in Large-Scale Dairying: Incen
tives for Future Structural Change" ,A. J A. E., 60: 642-647,
Nov, 1978.
21. Tomek, William G. and Kenneth L. Robinson., Agricultural
Product Prices, Cornell University Press, 1972.
22. Tweeten, Luther G. and James S. Plaxico, "Long-Run Outlook
( 33 )
-184-
for Agricultural Adjustments Based on National Growth", J. F.E, 46(1): 39-55, Feb. 1964.
( 34 )
-185-
An Analysis of Production Structures and
Costs of Dairy Farms in Taiwan
Yi-chung Kuo*
Summary
The recent trend of Taiwan's dairy production shows that
since 1977 the number of dairy farms is decreasing while the
average scale per farm is enlarging. It is thus hypothesized that
the factor due to this changes is mainly that of production costs
under current price system and production environments. This
paper is intended to investigate the relationship between changes
of production structure and that of production costs for dairy farms
among different regions. Cross-sectional data of about 200 sample
farms in 1977 and 1978 served as the basis for analysis. The
average cost functions were constructed and estimated for diffe
rent regions. The average cost elasticity with respect to output
was estimated to be around 0.2 in general. Which means that
economies of scale exist for the milk production. Among regions,
the average unit cost of milk in the northern area is the highest,
and the southern area, the lowest. Moreover, it is found that
due to enlargement of scales, the changes of inputs combination
are tending toward relatively capital using.
* Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, National ChungHsing University
( 35 )