An adjective is a word used with a noun to describe or point out, the person, animal, place or thing

which the noun names, or tell the number or quantity.

Adjective means added to. It represents the quality

of something.

It is a modifier. It is used to modify noun/P.N or gives

us more info about something.

Example:

He is an intelligent person.

Example:

The rock(noun) is hard and big.(adj)

He works(verb) hard(adverb) to earn.

In the first sentence word hard and big are adjectives because they are being used as a quality of noun(rock).

But in the second sentence hard is an adverb because it shows what type of action is done.

Adjective and adverb both have same definition. Both are quality and modifiers.

Adjective is a word that describes the quality of noun and pronoun

Adverb describes the nature or quality of adverb and adjective

Descriptive adjective:

A descriptive adjective names a quality of the noun or pronoun that it modifies. It is also known as adjective of quality.

Example: brown dog old house fluffy cat French wine

Quantitative adjectives:

Adjectives of quantity show how much of a thing is meant;

Example: some rice little intelligence

Numeral adjectives:

It shows how many persons or things are meant, or in what order thing or a person stands.

Example: five mangoes no pictures first day

Indefinite and definite numeral adjectives:

Indefinite numeral adjectives doesn’t refer to an exact number. E.g. all, no ,few, many

Definite numeral adjective denote an exact no. e.g. one, two, three etc first, second, third etc

Distributive numeral adjective: it refers to each one of a number.

Each boy, either pen, neither accusation

Demonstrative adjective:

This Adjective straight away points out the person or thing concerned. E.g.

This boy, that girl, these mangoes, those cars

Interrogative adjective:

These adjectives are used with noun to ask questions e.g.

Which pen, what time, whose book

Positive degree

it is used when there is no comparison. It is used when

we just talk about the quality of something.

Comparative degree

as the name shows it is used for comparison. When we

compare two things we use comparative degree.

Superlative degree

When we compare more than 2 things we use superlative degree.

Positive degree- no change

Comparative degree: we usually add –er. With a one-syllable word or a word ending in -y or -ly add the suffix -er or -ier to form a comparative phrase , but when there is a two syllable word we use more.

Superlative degree: With a one-syllable word or a word ending in -y or -ly add the suffix -est or - iest to form a comparative phrase , but when there is a two syllable word we use most.

Example:

Red- redder- reddest

beautiful- more beautiful- most beautiful

Adjectives are often used as nouns

As plural nouns denoting a class of person; as;

The cautious(cautious people) are not always cowards

The rich(rich people) know not how the poor live

As singular nouns denoting some abstract quality as;

The future(future time) is unknown to us

Some adjectives actually become nouns, and

hence used in both numbers as;

Australians , Canadians etc

• Rule no 1:When we use “ as… as” or “so….as” we always use an adjective of positive degree e.g.

• As noble as As kind as

• Rule no 2:Every comparative degree should be followed by “than” after the adjective e.g.

• She sings better than I do. (comparison of the talent btw 2 people)

• Rule no 3:When we use superlative degree we use article “the” before it e.g.

• He is the best athlete in our team.

• We also use the article “the” with comparative degree if we are not comparing rather selecting one out of two. In that case the comparative degree adj is preceded by “the” but not followed by “than” e.g.

• From the two brothers he is the better one

• He is better than his brother.

*meaning is the same but writing pattern is different.

Rule no 4:When we have two adjectives connected by “and” and there is no comparison between the 2 adj then the both adj should be in the same degree e.g.

They are wiser and humbler than us.

Rule no 5:When the comparison is between adjectives and both adjectives are referred to the same person then the first adj should be in more +ve form and the second must be in positive form e.g.

She is more cute than beautiful.

Rule no 6: use of few, a few, the few and little, a little, the little

Little= not much (hardly any), this adj has a negative meaning e.g.

The king showed little mercy to the prisoners.

A little= some though not enough e.g:

A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

The little= not much but all there is. E.g.

The little information he had was not enough.

*when we refer to something specific we put article “the” before it.

* With things which are countable we use few and little with uncountable ones.

Few (hardly any), a few(some), the few(not many, but all there is). E.g.

Due to heavy rainfall few students came to class

Inspite of heavy rainfall a few students came to

class.

The few students who came to the class were all wet.

Use of elder and older

We use elder when we compare the age b/w blood

relations and is paired with “to” and older is used

for persons and things and paired with “than” e.g.

She is elder to her sister.

His friend is older than me.

Use of ordinal and cardinal no’s

Article the+ cardinal no+ noun e.g.

The first page of the book

Noun+ ordinal no(without article) e.g.

Page one of the book is missing

Use of further(after …) farther( far)

Further is used to mean “additional” e.g.

After this he made no further remarks.

Farther represents physical distance only e.g.

We had to walk farther than the map indicated.

Use of later/ latter:

Later is used when we talk about time e.g..

I will talk to you later

Latter is used for position but when we are referring to the last one. To represent the earlier one we use word former. E.g.

I enjoy reading suspense and sci-fi novels, but prefer the latterover the former.