Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher...
Transcript of Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher...
![Page 1: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Amir A. Hasson & Dr. Rich Fletcher
Developmental Entrepreneurship
Class Presentation
MIT Media Lab
September 25, 2003
![Page 2: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OverviewOverview
� Introduction: Why are we here?
� The Problem (Opportunity)
� Approaches
� Experiences
� Business Strategy
� Lessons Learned & The Way Forward
![Page 3: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why are we here?Why are we here?
� Why are you here?
� Developmental ventures require inter-
disciplinary teams and more than just
technology.
� Political, cultural dimension is critical
![Page 4: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Problem The Problem
(Opportunity)(Opportunity)
![Page 5: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4 Billion Rural People 4 Billion Rural People
Remain UnconnectedRemain Unconnected
� Chicken and egg problem:
� Egg: No affordable, sustainable rural communications infrastructure
� Chicken: No market for rural communications
� What is needed: a low-cost, low-risk means of providing widespread connectivity so as to:
� Overcome infrastructure cost barriers
� Test out digital rural applications/services
� Stimulate the rural development dynamic
� Create incentives for deregulation and delicensing
![Page 6: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The OpportunityThe Opportunity
Every 1% increase in value-add or efficiency in this population segment represents a $40 billion opportunity.
![Page 7: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ApproachesApproaches
![Page 8: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Traditional ApproachesTraditional Approaches
� Lay Copper
� Lay Fiber
� Set up UHF/VHF Radio
� Set up Cell Phone Towers
� Set up Real-Time wLAN Towers
� Setup Satellite Connections
![Page 9: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
FMS ApproachFMS Approach
� Is real-time really necessary?
� ICTs introduced as shared resource
� But this has serious drawbacks for real-timeinfrastructures:� high level of adoption required to achieve
cost recovery
� who am I going to call?
� shared communications infrastructure is typically asynchronous
� Transportation infrastructure can be used to create a network
![Page 11: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ExperiencesExperiences
![Page 17: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
DonkeyNetDonkeyNet
![Page 18: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
India:India: BhoomiBhoomi
� First National eGovernance
Initiative in India
� Computerization of all land
records in state of Karnataka -
- Manual land records illegal
� Some 500,000 land record
transactions/ month
� Seeking means of
decentralizing its database
using wireless technology
![Page 19: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
KIOSK
BUS
STOP
MAX1
MAX2
![Page 21: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cambodia: Village SchoolsCambodia: Village Schools
![Page 23: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Business StrategyBusiness Strategy
![Page 30: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
VisionVision
� Same factors driving WiFi revolution in developed world could drive a revolution in developing world:
� low cost for users and providers
� east of setup, use and maintenance
� high bandwidth
� Local entrepreneurs within developing countries will use WiFi to:
� solve chicken and egg problem: market~infrastructure
� proliferate wireless infrastructure
� grow seamlessly with rural market, scaling up to universal broadband connectivity
![Page 31: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
WiFiWiFi Value ChainValue Chain
WiFi Product
Manufacturers
App. Software
(e.g. billing, security)
Integration &
Solutions Firms
Network
Deployment
NetworkOperator
EndUsers
![Page 32: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
WiFiWiFi Value Chain: Emerging Value Chain: Emerging
MarketsMarkets
WiFi ProductManufacturers
App. Software(e.g. billing,
security)
Integration &
Solutions Firms
Network
DeploymentNetwork
OperatorEnd
Users
NetworkOperator
EndUsers
Developed Markets
Emerging MarketsFMS
![Page 33: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ProductsProducts
� Village WiFi Kit� Desktop
� Printer
� Fixed Access Point
� Antenna
� Client Software
• Network Code
• Non-real-time search engine (TEK)
• Working VMOIP and Search Agents
� Administrator Kit� Mobile Access Points
� Hub Access Point
� Administrator Software
![Page 34: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
WiFi “hotspots” for urban and semi-ruralcommunities
• Enables affordable devices and services
• Stepping stone for surrounding WiFi footprint
Network Solutions: Network Solutions: wISPswISPs
![Page 35: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Network Solutions: StoreNetwork Solutions: Store--
andand--Forward WirelessForward Wireless
![Page 36: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Network Solutions: MultiNetwork Solutions: Multi--
HopHop
![Page 37: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Network Solutions: Private Network Solutions: Private
Adoption & MeshesAdoption & Meshes
![Page 38: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Customers, Funding Customers, Funding
SourcesSources
� NGOs� CambodiaSchools.com
� Rural Service Companies� Drishtee.com
� ISPs/ Telcos� SIFY
� Foundations/ Agencies� WSIS
� Long Run: Network Equipment Companies� Cisco
![Page 39: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Lesson Learned & Lesson Learned &
The Way ForwardThe Way Forward
![Page 40: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
� Development ventures require collaborationacross functions, fields, and cultures
� Solve one problem at a time
� Hardware should be cheap, rugged, and ugly
� Must adopt a user-based approach
� International shipping and national regulations can be considerable obstacles
� Must be prepared for a long-haul and nevergive up
� You can make an impact!
![Page 41: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
FMS Going ForwardFMS Going Forward
� Pursue urban/enterprise markets in
developing countries?
� Focus just on “First Mile”?
� Non-profit vs. For-profit?
� Internship opportunities during IAP…
![Page 42: Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental ... · Amir A. Hasson& Dr. Rich Fletcher Developmental Entrepreneurship Class Presentation MIT Media Lab September 25, 2003](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050307/5f6f1ad9d4a3823a2324c51a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
““ICT4D” BrainstormingICT4D” Brainstorming
� World Computer?
� Language/interface/content/
application localization?