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Reinforced ConcretePressure PipeAmeron reinforced concrete pressurepipe is a family of pipe products devel-oped over more than 70 years in the in-dustry to provide solutions to your pres-sure pipe requirements. It can be de-signed for both internal pressures andexternal loads.

No other product offers so many signifi-cant, efficient and economical designvariables to the system designer in thefields of water and wastewater collection,transmission and distribution as rein-forced concrete pressure pipe.

Strength-in the solid bonding of con-crete and steel, in its ability to withstandnear vacuum conditions and

a broad range of temperature changes.Security-in its freedom fromtuberculation and its resistance tocorrosion, shock and abrasion.Capacity-of its smooth insidesurface for maximum sustained flowcharacteristics-a conservativeHazen-Williams “C” value of 140.Economy-of installationrequirements and maintenance-freeoperation.Adaptability-concrete or steeljoints-flush or flared belldesigns-single or double gasketseals-cylinder or noncylinderconfigurations.Versatility-water transmission anddistribution-pressure siphons,penstocks and water circulationsystems-low pressure and gravity

lines-sewer mains and sanitary sewers-outfalls and irrigation.

Ameron reinforced concrete pressurepipe is produced in a number of designconfigurations, each manufactured withyour specific needs in mind. Within therange of its many capabilities, it is themost dependable and economicalpipe available.

It is a pipe that transports well, installsquickly and economically, accepts back-fill immediately, and has been designedto last a century or more.

It is an economical pipe because you canspecify exactly what you need, no moreor no less, to accomplish the job re-quired; steel content and its distribution,concrete strength.

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Flush bell reinforced concrete pressure pipe with steel-flanged outlet drops easily into trench. Ameron’soutstanding steel fabrication capabilities at all major plants provide for a wide variety of specials and fittingsto accommodate every exigency of system design. This skill of manufacture is backed by more than 70 yearsof concrete pipe engineering.

Moderate to large diameter reinforced concretepressure pipe is easy to install. Backfill can followjointing (and grouting if required) immediately.

Ameron flared bell reinforced concrete pressurepipe installations date back over half a century. Itserves waterworks and sanitation systems indiameters from 18 inches and larger.

For maximum security in waste disposal systems,reinforced concrete pressure pipe may be manufac-tured with an integral TLockR Amer-Plate”’ lining.This is a continuous plastic lining mechanically lockedinto the interior concrete wall which resists hydrogensulphide and other sewer gases, acids, alkalis andsalts. Normally, the pipe invert is not lined althoughlining areas to 360° can be specified.

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concrete or steel O-ring joint, flush or flaredbell configuration. All are design featuresavailable to help you meet your requirementsfor a gravity, low or moderate pressure line.

Reinforced concrete pressure pipe is anefficient pipe, combining totally encased steelreinforcement with the basic strength andperformance qualities of concrete. Its smooth,interior wall is conservatively designed for aHazen-Williams “C” value of 140. Its smooth,substantial exterior wall lends itself well tojacking operations, and its fundamentalsolidity requires less stringent beddingconditions and backfill constraints than pipeof flexible design.

Service is the most satisfying feature ofreinforced concrete pressure pipe. It isdesigned to be maintenance free and it isimpervious to corrosion and tuberculationas a water carrier. In applications wherehighly corrosive sewage or industrial wastesare the chief liquids carried, it can be totallyprotected at time of manufacture with amechanically locked-in-place PVC linerwhich is corrosion and tuberculation freeeven in the presence of H,SO,. Insubaqueous installations, saltwater or fresh,no pipe can equal reinforced concretepressure pipe for its combined longevity andcarrying capacity.

Ameron’s reinforced concrete pressure pipe,by nature of its variable design features, di-vides basically into four product lines, eachof which offers particular advantages to thesystem designer’s individual application. Eachproduct is generally designated by joint type,although other features may be equally ormore significant to the end use of the pipe.

Described briefly on the followingpages are reinforced concrete pres-sure pipe products:

“Concrete or Steel joint-double gas-ket design,”

“Concrete joint-flared bell design,”

“Concrete joint-flush bell design,” and

“Steel joint-flush bell design.”

Steel joint-flush bell design

Concrete joint-flush bell design

Concrete joint-flared bell design

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Double-GasketedSpigotAmeron Reinforced Concrete Pressure Pipeis easily modified to provide customizedsolutions for unique applications. Althoughthe reliability and durability of our standardconfined rubber gasketed joints have beenproven for more than a half century, yourproject may require a solution for “missioncritical” applications. This is why Ameronoffers the double-gasketed spigot. Thiscost-effective, testable joint isrecommended for the followingapplications:

· Installations in or near seismically

active areas

· Environmentally sensitive

installations where potential

infiltration and exfiltration require

the added protection of double

gasket redundancy.

· High fill areas subject to possible

long-term settlement

· Whenever field testing the joint

(test -as-you-go) is necessary prior

to laying the next pipe section

· Where water is not readily available

for field hydrostatic testing

· For subaqueous installations

· In construction situations where thetrench cannot be left open andmust be backfilled prior to systemtesting

Please refer to the manufacturing plant pageson our web site for each plant’s manufacturingcapabilities.

Concrete and Steel joints-double gasket design

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Concrete jointFlared bell design

Ameron flared bell reinforced concretepressure pipe is extraordinarily suitable forconditions of high water table whereinfiltration is a continuing and aggravatingproblem. Designed specifically for thetransmission of water and sewage operatingunder low pressure heads, it has formed thebackbone of hundreds of miles of utility sys-tems.

Economical to install, its positive andflexible seal requires neither pointing norgrouting, and backfill and cover can followimmediately.

Manufactured in diameters from 18 to 72 ormore inches, flared bell pipe is designed forinternal hydrostatic pressures in combina-tion with external loads. The flared bell endof the pipe, as well as the full pipe section,contains both circumferential and longitu-dinal steel reinforcement.

Special pipe and fittings, including shortpipe lengths, beveled ends, adaptors,outlets, reducers and elbows, are availableas part of the pipeline system. All fabricatedfittings combine the strength of steel platewith the protection of cement-mortar liningsand coatings.

When the application entails the transpor-tation of concentrated sewage or heavyindustrial wastes, T -Lock PVC lining canbe mechanically locked into the interior

concrete wall at time of manufacture toprovide positive protection against activecorrosive forces.

Specifications: AWWA C302 andANSI/ASTM C361 are applicable.

Available from Ameron is “GuideSpecifications, Installation ofConcrete Pipe, Rigid Design.”

Flared bell reinforced concrete pressure pipe is rugged and dependable. Its positive and flexibleseal requires neither pointing nor grouting. This pipe is eminently suitable for installation in highground water level environments.

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Concrete jointFlush bell design

In the early 1960's, Ameron introduced a flushbell version of its highly successful flared bellpipe. Designed for the transmission of waterand sewage operating under low pressure headsand larger in diameter than its predecessor, itprovides a reinforced concrete pressure pipegenerally ranging in diameters from 78 to 144inches. Offering unparalleled performance andeconomy within its size and pressure range, italso offers many attractive features to thesystem designer, contractor and owningagency, including its admirable adaption tojacking operations.

Economical to install, with a positive and flex-ible seal at the joint, it requires less stringentbedding and backfill requirements than a semi-rigid pipe and a minimum of trenching widthon either side. Pointing and grouting in thefield usually are not necessary, and backfill canfollow immediately. Becauseof its integral strength and the totalencasement of its steel reinforcement, itbecomes an excellent subaqueous pipeline.If necessary, the joint can be modified to suitparticular project needs. Where theapplication entails the transportation ofsewage or industrial wastes, T -LockPVC lining can be mechanically locked intothe interior pipe wall at time of manufactureto provide protection against active corrosiveforces.

A large, reinforced concrete pressure pipe, rugged in design and with a smooth flush bell exterior,it lends itself well to jacking operations.

The pipe is normally designed forinternal hydrostatic pressures incombination with external loads.

Special pipe and fittings,including short pipe lengths, beveledends, adaptors, outlets, reducers andelbows, are available as a part ofthe system. All fabricated fittings

incorporate the strength of steelplate with the protection ofcement-mortar linings and coatings.

Specifications: AWWA C302 andANSI/ASTM C361 are applicable.Available from Ameron is “GuideSpecifications, Installation ofConcrete Pipe, Rigid Design.”

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Steel JointFlush bell design

Ameron steel joint reinforced concrete pres-sure pipe is a heavy-duty pipeline product de-signed for a multitude of applications. Witha steel membrane embedded in the core andwelded to the steel joint rings, the AWWAC300 pipe offers the system designer supe-rior performance, economy and longevity inwater transmission and distribution lines, inpressure siphons, penstocks and water cir-culation systems. An outstanding reinforcedconcrete pressure pipe, it is highly effectivewhere the pipeline is subjected to earthmovement or water infiltration.

In noncylinder design, it serves equally wellfor low pressure and gravity water systems,for sewer mains, outfalls and storm drain-age, and for the transportation of waste wa-ter and industrial wastes operating under lowpressure heads

Manufactured in diameters ranging from 45to 144 inches, it is a pipe designed to with-stand combined internal and external systempressures. The resilience andphysical strength of the pipe’s steel rein-forcement, combined with the structuralstrength and permanence of concrete,produces a rigid pipe with a built-inmargin of safety for rigorous environments.

Its self-centering, watertight steel andrubber gasket joints provide for alldeflections normally encountered throughexpansion and contraction induced bytemperature changes or normal earthsettlement. In fact, this

joint, combined with the integral strengthof the pipe, has a remarkable history ofreliable performance through earthquake,flood and land subsidence. It is also a jointthat assures rapid, simple and economicalinstallation.

Special pipe and fittings, including shortpipe lengths, beveled ends, adaptors, out-lets, reducers and elbows, are available aspart of the system. All fabricated fittingsincorporate the strength of steel plate withthe protection of cement-mortar liningsand coatings.

Where application involves thetransportation of aggressive effluents,

as in the case of major sewerage or indus-trial waste lines, the interior wall of the pipecan be combined with a mechanicallylocked-in PVC liner,T -Lock Amer-Plate,at time of manufacture to provide totalprotection from corrosive forces.

Specifications. AWWA C300 isapplicable to steel joint reinforced concretepipe, cylinder design. AWWA C302 andANSI/ASTM C361 are applicable to steeljoint, reinforced concrete pipe, noncylinderdesign. Available from Ameron is “GuideSpecifications, Installation of ConcretePipe, Rigid Design.”

Steel joint rings with sized O-ring groove provide a joint that is both secure and flexible. Steel joint,flush bell reinforced concrete pressure pipe is an excellent performer where the joints in the systemmay be subjected to earth movement and where ground water infiltration proves a problem.

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Pipe designReinforced concrete pressure pipe isdesigned for the combination ofinternal hydrostatic pressure andexternal loads in accordance withAppendix A (AWWA C300 and AWWAC302); or for gravity flow pipelines, concrete pressure pipe 18 inches through108 inches may be specified by D-loadstrength classification in accordance withANSI/ASTM C76. As an aid to design-ers, D-load strength requirements for18- through 108-inch diameter pipe aregiven in Table 5 for various heights ofearth cover.Pulls and bevelsReinforced concrete pressure pipecan be laid around long radius curves andacross angle points by deflecting the jointfrom the normal closed joint position; bythe use of pipe with the spigot endbeveled; or by a combination of deflectedjoints and bevels.

normal joint closure position and rotatethe pipe by maintaining the normal insidejoint space width (F) on one side of the jointand increasing the inside joint space widthon the opposite side of the joint.

To open or close a joint to adjust forstationing, insert the spigot into thebell to the normal joint closure positionand then push the joint closed byreducing the inside joint space width,or open by increasing the inside jointspace width. Opening or closing a jointmay be combined with a deflectedjoint.

Both the sum and difference of themeasured widths of the total insidejoint spaces, measured at the widestpoint (F,) and the closest point (F2)around the circumference, shall notexceed the values in Table 4.

The center line radius of curvature for anycase of deflected joints or beveled jointscan be calculated by thefollowing equation:

Straight or beveled pipe sections maybe installed with joint spaces differentfrom the normal position by deflectingthe section or by opening or closingthe space (F) or a combination of deflect-ing and opening or closing. These meth-ods are used to lay pipe around curves,through angle points or for adjustment ofline and grade.

To deflect the joint during installation,insert the spigot into the bell to the

Installation conditions for concrete joints or steel joints

Table 4 Inside Joint Spaces

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Table 5 D-load requirements: ordinary bedding, dead load factor 1.50Coverin feet

Design criteria

General-D-load values given inTable 5 indicate greater accuracy thanwarranted in field installation; thus,when specifying, pipe should beclassified in 50-D increments; forexample, 800-D, 850-D.Bedding-The above table is basedon installations with ordinary bedding’and should not be used for otherconditions, except as noted. D-loads,given in the table are based on a loadfactor of 1.50. For classes of beddingwith load factors other than 1.50, thecorrected dead load may be obtainedby multiplying the table’s dead load by

1.50 and dividing by the desired deadload factor.

Backfill2-Based on Marston’s curvefor saturated topsoil, when K/,=0.150,the table is conservative for sands,gravels and cohesionless materials.The D-load should be recomputed for clay backfills, when Kg > 0.150, usingthe correct coefficient. The table hasbeen computed using materials with aunit weight of 110 pounds per cubicfoot. For materials having a unit weightother than 110 pounds per cubic foot,the correct dead load can becalculated by multiplying the deadload shown in the table by the desiredunit weight and dividing by 110.

Trench width-D-loads given in thetable are based on trench widths (at top of pipe) of pipe OD plus 16 inchesfor pipe diameters 33 inches or less;and pipe OD plus 24 inches for pipediameters greater than 33 inches. PipeODs are based on wall thicknessesgiven in the dimensional data table forWall A pipe through 96-inch diameter,and on wall thicknesses given in tablefor large diameter pipe with 102- and108-inch diameters. Thicker walldesigns may require a slightly higherD-load classification.

For earth covers of two to eight feet,the tabulated dead load D-loadsapproach the maximum loads that

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occur at the transition trench width.The difference in dead load for widertrench widths or the projecting conduitconditions may be a small value and the pipe may safely withstand theincrease. For assurance it will benecessary to recompute the D-loadsfor any installation change at anydepth of cover.

Safety factor-A safety factor of 1.0against the occurrence of the0.01-inch crack is assumed in thecalculations. If a factor different than1.0 is desired, corrected D-loads canbe obtained by multiplying loadsshown in the table by the desiredsafetv factor.

Live loads-Live load distribution iscalculated from AASHTO HS-20 fortruck loads3. For different wheelloadings, correct live loads can beobtained by multiplying live loadsshown in the table by the desiredmaximum wheel load in kips anddividing by 16. This table is limited toAASHTO live load distributions (asquare at backfill depth, H, whosesides equal 1.75H) for single truckloading with impact factors based ondepth. A live load factor of 1.50,recommended in Iowa State CollegeBulletin 112 by Spangler for ordinarybedding or better, is used. For covers

nine feet and greater, live loads areincluded in the indicated D-loads.

References1. “Soil Engineering,” Spangler, M. G.and Handy, R. L.; Intext EducationalPublishers, third edition, 1973.2. “Loads on Underground Conduits,”Engineering Library 1-2, Ameron,1973.3. “Standard Specification forHighway Bridges,” AmericanAssociation of State Highway andTransportation Officials (AASHTO),twelfth edition, 1973.

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Engineering data

Product specifications

Installation specifications

Specials and fittings

Corrosion prevention

Gaskets

Deflection

Operating pressure

AWWA C300 (cylinder design)AWWA C302 (noncylinder design)ANSI/ASTM C361 (noncylinder design)

Ameron’s Installation Guide Specifications ConcretePressure Pipe, Rigid Design

AWWA Manual No. M9Concrete Pressure Pipe

Ameron’s Steel Fittings Specifications(short pipe and fittings available as required)

T -Lock Amer-Plate PVC liner mechanically locked intopipe wall for heavy sewage and industrial wastes (Ameronbrochure available)

Rubber, chlorophrene (Neoprene) or polyisoprene

Up to 5 degrees

Noncylinder: internal operating pressures up to125 feet of head (operating pressure plus surgeup to 150 feet of head)Cylinder: internal operating pressures over 125feet of head

Important notePipe products are carefully engineered andmanufactured to perform the functions forwhich they are recommended in our litera-ture. Our recommendations are based onsound engineering principles and hundredsof successful installations; nevertheless, ourproducts must be properly installed and usedin accordance with good engineeringjudgment and practice.

The information offered herein is to be usedas a guide and is not to be taken as awarranty or representation for whichAmeron assumes any legal responsibility.There is no assurance-specific or implied-that the use of this technical information indesigns and specifications will insurea successful job. It is offered solely for yourreview and consideration.

AMERON’S OBJECTIVESWe believe the growth of our businesses will be based on how well we identify customer needs and satisfy them overthe long term with products and services of superior value.

We also believe that satisfied, repeat customers are the lifeblood of any successful business and must be nurtured and cared for in themost professional and courteous manner.

Our customers should expect and receive:

· Strong commitment from us to the markets we serve.· Products and services of consistently superior value.· Professional and dedicated technical services provided promptly where needed.· Well-trained, knowledgeable and motivated direct sales people and representatives.· Professionally prepared, well-documented sales proposals, product literature, technical data and other support materials.· Fast, courteous response in any transaction.· Consistent, on-time delivery of products and services

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