American studies 2016
-
Upload
stephan-langdon -
Category
Art & Photos
-
view
55 -
download
0
Transcript of American studies 2016
![Page 1: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 2: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is American Studies?
What is American Studies?
American Studies explores the United States through its history, diverse cultures and global role
![Page 3: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is American Studies?
History Literature
Culture
FilmTrade
Music
Economics
Foreign PolicyGeography
Religion
![Page 4: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is American Studies?
So remember…
“It's not what you look at that matters, it's what you see”
Henry David Thoreau, American author and philosopher
“Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm”
Ralph Waldo Emerson, American author and philosopher
![Page 5: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is American Studies?
QuickquizHow much do you already know about the USA?
![Page 6: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is American Studies?
QuickquizWhich is the largest state in the US?A. TexasB. AlaskaC. California
Answer: B. Alaska
![Page 7: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is American Studies?
QuickquizWhich of the following is NOT a real museum in the US?A. The shark tooth museumB. The museum of deathC. The hamburger hall of fame
Answer: A. The shark tooth museum
![Page 8: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is American Studies?
QuickquizWhen did America declare its independence from Britain?A. 1492B. 1776C. 1914
Answer: B. 1776
![Page 9: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is American Studies?
QuickquizThe classic American novel Moby Dick tells the story of a hunt for what?A. a bearB. a criminalC. a whale
Answer: C. a whale
![Page 10: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is American Studies?
“Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail”Ralph Waldo Emerson, American author and philosopher
![Page 11: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Patterns of Colonial RuleParallel Rule vs. Indirect Rule- Britain Assimilation- France Portugal and FranceVice Royalty-SpainSpecial Role of Settler Colonies
![Page 12: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
p25
Cortez
![Page 13: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
p25
QE I
![Page 14: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Hudson Bay Company•Royal Charter Company•Oldest Joint Stock Company in the English Speaking World
![Page 15: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hudson Bay Company
•Trade and Fur•Hudson Bay Drainage•Prince Rupert, son of Charles II•Protect family and political investment
15
![Page 16: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Hudson Bay Company •Raw Materials
–Beaver Pelts •Arms
–Muskets •Dumping
–“trinkets”
16
![Page 17: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
p26
RALEGH
![Page 18: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Trade Network
Captured Africans became part of network called the triangular trade
First leg of triangle: ships carrying European goods to Africa to be exchanged for slaves
Second leg: Middle Passage, brought Africans to Americas to be sold
Third leg carried American products to Europe
![Page 19: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Africa
A
B
C
Europe
The
Caribbean Islands
![Page 20: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Map 2-1 p27
![Page 21: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Map 3-4 p51
![Page 22: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Map 2-3 p36
![Page 23: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Map 5-1 p79
![Page 24: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Map 5-2 p83
![Page 25: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
p81
![Page 26: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Map 6-1 p99
![Page 27: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Map 6-2 p100
![Page 28: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 29: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 30: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 31: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 32: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
p203
![Page 33: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Map 11-1 p204
![Page 34: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Map 11-3 p215
![Page 35: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 36: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
What is American Studies?
“Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail”Ralph Waldo Emerson, American author and philosopher
![Page 38: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Chapter 3.1 Basic Principles of the US ConstitutionThe Constitution is the foundation on which our government and society are based.
There are 7 Articles!
Articles = sections.
![Page 39: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article Iestablishes Legislative BranchBicameral
Senate and House of Representatives
Duties given to Legislative Body Make our lawsAppropriate MoneyRegulate ImmigrationEstablish Post Offices and RoadsRegulate Interstate Commerce and
TransportationDeclare WarImpeach POTUS
![Page 40: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article IIExecutive branch
The President of the United States
Approves or vetoes laws made by Congress
Carries out laws made by CongressAppoints federal court judges Negotiates treaties with foreign nations
Commander in ChiefOf all militaries
![Page 41: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article IIIestablished Judicial Branch
Supreme Court has final say over any public case in America
Interprets the meaning of lawsRules whether laws passed by Congress are constitutional or notRules whether POTUS has acted accordingly
Done when Congress tries to impeach POTUS
![Page 42: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article IVGives ‘full faith and credit’ to each States
Forces other states to recognize all government acts done by any state
Drivers licenseMarriage documentsBirth records
![Page 43: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article VCongress can propose Amendments to the US Constitution with 2/3 votes by States. There are 27 amendments today added to the US Constitution!
Can you name any?
![Page 44: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article VIAll debts owned by America at time of ratification will be recognized and must be paid back. Also, stipulates that the US Constitution is the ‘supreme law of the land’
Even over any state Constitutions.
![Page 45: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
U.S. Constitution, Article VII
Stipulates 9 out of 13 states must sign the Constitution in order for it to be ratified.
![Page 46: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
5 basic principles of US Constitution
![Page 47: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Popular SovereigntyThe people hold the ultimate authority
A representative democracy lets the people elect leaders to make decisions for them
![Page 48: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Limited GovernmentFramers wanted to guard against tyrannyGovernment is limited to the power given them in the Constitution.The Constitution tells how leaders who overstep their power can be removed
![Page 49: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Federalism
The division of power between State and National GovernmentsSome powers are sharedThe National Government has the “supreme power”
![Page 50: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Separation of Powers
![Page 51: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
The Bill of RightsThe First 10 Amendments to the Constitution
Take notes on the slides as they appear.Draw pictures to represent at least five of the amendments.
![Page 52: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
1st AmendmentThe 1st Amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and petition.
This means that we all have the right to:practice any religion we want to to speak freelyto assemble (meet)to address the government (petition)to publish newspapers, TV, radio, Internet (press)
![Page 53: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
2nd AmendmentThe 2nd Amendment protects the right to bear arms, which means the right to own a gun.
![Page 54: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
3rd Amendment
The 3rd Amendment says “No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.”This means that we cannot be forced to house or quarter soldiers.
![Page 55: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
4th Amendment
The 4th Amendment protects the people from unreasonable searches and seizures. This means that the police must have a warrant to enter our homes. It also means the government cannot take our property, papers, or us, without a valid warrant based on probable cause (good reason).
![Page 56: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
5th Amendment
The 5th Amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are properly indicted, (accused) You may not be tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy)You don’t have to testify against yourself in court. (Self-incrimination)
![Page 59: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
6th AmendmentThe 6th Amendment guarantees a speedy trial (you can’t be kept in jail for over a year without a trial) an impartial jury (doesn’t already think you are guilty)that the accused can confront witnesses against them the accused must be allowed to have a lawyer
![Page 60: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
7th Amendment
The 7th Amendment guarantees the right to a speedy civil trial.A civil trial differs from a criminal trial. A civil trial is when someone sues someone else. A criminal trial is when the state tries to convict someone of a crime.
![Page 61: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
8th AmendmentThe 8th Amendment guarantees that punishments will be fair and not cruel, and that extraordinarily large fines will not be set.
![Page 62: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
9th Amendment
All rights not stated in the Constitution and not forbidden by the Constitution belong to the people.This means that the states can do what they want if the Constitution does not forbid it.
![Page 63: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
10th Amendment
The 10th Amendment states that any power not granted to the federal government belongs to the states or to the people.
![Page 64: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Amendments 11-27
![Page 65: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
12th Amendment
Electoral College has separate ballots for President and Vice-President
Electoral College
Presidential Ballot
Electoral CollegeVice-Presidential Ballot
Obama
McCain
Biden Palin
![Page 66: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery!!!
![Page 67: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
14th Amendment
Any one born in the U.S. is a citizen.
Equal protected by the law.
![Page 68: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
15th AmendmentVoting rights could not be denied because of race or color (or could it?).
Should I vote?
Or, do I feed my family?
![Page 69: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
16th Amendment
The federal government can tax our income.
Great, all I need is a bill from the
IRS!
![Page 70: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
17th AmendmentPrior to the 17th Amendment, the state legislatures chose the senators, but…
With the passage of the 17th, the PEOPLE directly elect their senators.
You better do a good job if you want to be
reelected
N.C. Senators
Richard Burr Kay Hagen
![Page 71: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
18th Amendment
This is known as prohibition.See amendment 21.
![Page 72: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
19th AmendmentGives women the right to vote.
We finally have suffrage rights.
![Page 73: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
23rd Amendment
Citizens of Washington, D.C. (our U.S. Capital) receive the right to vote in presidential elections. Washington, D.C. is given 3 electoral votes.
![Page 74: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
24th Amendment
OutlawsOutlaws Poll Taxes
![Page 75: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
27th Amendment
Congress can give themselves a pay raise, but they have to wait until after the next election before they can get it.
![Page 76: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
©Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies
The Canadian Constitution
![Page 77: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
The History of Canada’s Constitution
One of the most important early Canadian constitutional documents was the British North America Act 1867.By this act the colonies of Canada (Ontario and Quebec) were united with the colonies of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.
![Page 78: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
A Federal UnionOne Central Government
![Page 79: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
A Federal Union for Canada in 1867
![Page 80: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Two sections of this act listed the powers of the central government and the provinces.Section 91 - listed the powers of the central or federal government.Section 92 - listed the powers of the provinces.
![Page 81: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Section 91The powers of the federal government included
![Page 82: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Section 92This section listed the powers of the provinces including
![Page 83: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
The Statute of Westminster 1931By this British law Canada became a self governing dominion.This meant that laws passed by the Canadian government could not be overturned by Britain.It also meant that British law no longer applied in Canada.
![Page 84: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Constitutional Patriation 1982To patriate means to bring home.The process required that the British government revoke the BNA Act of 1867.It further required that Canada enact its own written constitution.
![Page 85: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
What problems were faced by the Trudeau government?Federal-Provincial
agreement in Canada.A formula to amend the constitution.The Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
![Page 86: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Federal-Provincial DisagreementThe provinces and the central government had difficulty finding any common ground to achieve Mr. Trudeau’s goal of a patriated constitution.The political leaders of each province wanted to ensure that new constitutional arrangements were advantageous to them.
![Page 87: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
The Charter of Rights and FreedomsMr. Trudeau wanted an entrenched Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
![Page 88: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
The Canada Act 1982
![Page 89: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Aboriginal Rights“The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized…”For many aboriginal people this was insufficient.
![Page 90: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Fundamental Freedoms (s.2)
Freedom of conscience and religionFreedom of belief and expression
Freedom of associationFreedom of peaceful assemblyThe provinces feared that these were too broad and as a result they were limited by the notwithstanding clause of section 33. of the Charter.
![Page 91: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Democratic Rights (ss. 3-5)
The right to voteThe right to run for elected officeElections are to be called once every five years.Parliament and legislatures must sit once in every 12 months.
![Page 92: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Mobility Rights (s. 6)
The right to leave and to return to CanadaThe right to move anywhere in Canada to live and workReasonable residency is required for access to social services and permanent residents in need could be given assistance first.Provinces cannot limit the right of non residents to own property.
![Page 93: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Legal Rights (ss. 7-14)“the right to life, liberty and the security of the person”This limits the power of government to detain or to deny people basic liberty except “in accordance with principles of fundamental justice.”Legal rights can be limited by the “notwithstanding” clause of section 33.
![Page 94: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Legal Rights II
Arbitrary arrest is not allowed.Police cannot unreasonably search any person.You must be informed of the reason for your arrest.You must be informed of your right to retain a lawyer.
![Page 95: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Legal Rights IIIYou must be informed of your offense.You must be tried in a reasonable time.You are presumed innocent until found guilty by the courts.You cannot be denied reasonable bail.You cannot be forced to give evidence against yourself.
![Page 96: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Equality Rights (s. 15)
You have legal equality regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, mental or physical disability.Affirmative action programs do allow special treatment for those who are disadvantaged.These rights may be limited by the “notwithstanding” provisions of section 33.
![Page 97: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Language Rights (ss. 16-22)The bilingual status of Canada is recognized.The equality of French and English in Parliament is confirmed.Federal agencies must provide services in both French and English.Either language can be used in federal courts.Native people can still use their languages in court.
![Page 98: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Minority Language Rights (s. 23)These apply only to Canadian citizens and not new immigrants.English or French speaking minorities can have their children educated in their own language.
It must be the parents first language.
Provinces need only provide minority language schools where there are sufficient numbers to justify the cost.
![Page 99: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
![Page 100: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
What is American Studies?
![Page 101: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Cumberland (National Road), 1811
![Page 102: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Conestoga Covered Wagons
Conestoga Trail, 1820sConestoga Trail, 1820s
![Page 103: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Erie Canal System
![Page 104: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Erie Canal, 1820s
Begun in 1817; completed in 1825Begun in 1817; completed in 1825
![Page 105: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat
1807: The 1807: The ClermontClermont
![Page 106: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Principal Canals in 1840
![Page 107: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
Inland Freight Rates
![Page 108: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Clipper Ships
![Page 109: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
TheRailroad
Revolution,1850s
Immigrant laborImmigrant laborbuilt the No. built the No. RRs.RRs.
Slave laborSlave laborbuilt the So. built the So. RRs. RRs.
![Page 110: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791
Actually Actually invented by a invented by a
slave!slave!
![Page 111: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory
Interchangeable Parts RifleInterchangeable Parts Rifle
![Page 112: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
OliverEvans
First prototype of the First prototype of the locomotivelocomotive
First automated flour millFirst automated flour mill
![Page 113: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)
![Page 114: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper:
1831
![Page 115: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Samuel F. B. Morse
1840 – Telegraph1840 – Telegraph
![Page 116: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable,
1858
![Page 117: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Elias Howe & Isaac Singer
1840s1840sSewing MachineSewing Machine
![Page 118: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
Boom/Bust Cycles: 1790-1860
The blue line shows, for comparison, the price of a The blue line shows, for comparison, the price of a year’s tuition at Harvard College. In 1790 it was $24, year’s tuition at Harvard College. In 1790 it was $24, but by 1860 had risen to $104.but by 1860 had risen to $104.
![Page 119: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Distribution of Wealthv During the American During the American
Revolution,Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 45% of all wealth in the top 10% of10% ofthe population.the population.v 1845 Boston 1845 Boston top 4% owned top 4% owned
overover 65% of the wealth. 65% of the wealth.v 1860 Philadelphia 1860 Philadelphia top 1% top 1% ownedowned over 50% of the wealth. over 50% of the wealth.v The gap between rich and poor The gap between rich and poor waswas widening! widening!
![Page 120: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Polarization of Wealth in the 20c
![Page 121: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory
System”)
![Page 122: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
The Lowell/Waltham System:
First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant
Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814
![Page 123: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Lowell Mill
![Page 124: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
Early Textile Mill Loom Floor
![Page 125: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Early Textile Loom
![Page 126: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
New EnglandTextile
Centers:
1830s
![Page 127: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
New England Dominance in Textiles
![Page 128: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Early “Union” Newslett
er
![Page 129: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
American Population Centers in 1820
![Page 130: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
American Population Centers in 1860
![Page 131: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
Why now?Why now?
![Page 132: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
![Page 133: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Industrialization,
Urbanization, and
Immigration1865-1924
![Page 134: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
![Page 135: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
![Page 136: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
What is the Industrial Revolution about? ProductionTransportationImmigrationRise of CitiesDecline in pop from rural areasCorruptionUnion ActivismRacism/NativismReform- (Progressives- Fix the problems of industrial society)
![Page 137: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
When does the Industrial Revolution take place?
Various periods of American History1st Industrial Revolution 1800-1860 begins in early 1800’s with textile manufacturing and iron production2nd IR really takes off in the latter part of 1800’s, ca 1870-1915
![Page 138: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
Sources of Industrial Growth1. Raw materials2. Large Labor Supply3. Technological Innovation4. Entrepreneurs5. Federal Gov = eager to support
business6. Domestic Markets for goods7. Business Organization
![Page 139: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Iron and Steel1870-1880s Iron Production soaredThen Steel= 40,000 miles of track
Aided by the Bessemer ProcessBlowing air and secret ingredients through
molten iron to burn out impurities Blast FurnaceOpen Hearth Furnace
I Beam allowed sky scrappersNew Furnaces 500 tons per week
![Page 140: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
![Page 141: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
![Page 142: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Steel towns- Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, BirmighamMichigan, Minnesota, Birmingham AL (Iron Ore)
![Page 143: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Rail Roads: B and O, Pennsylvania, Reading, Short Line, Southern Pacific, Central Pacific Railroad Industry
spurs developmentIron for Engines, and rails, later steel Farms, lumber, Buffalo HuntersEmployment- Chinese in West, and Irish in EastAids transportation, access to raw materials and markets, spurs construction
Land is granted to RR companies in exchange for building the RR- esp Transcontinental RRLater RR will own tremendous amount of land and sell it to people moving WEST
By 1880s there are 150,000 miles of Rail creating an national economy.
![Page 144: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Rail Roads continuedStandard Time (4 zones)
Growth of Track1860- 52,000 miles1870- 93,000 miles1890- 163,000 miles1900- 193,000 miles
Chicago is a major rail hub-Government paid subsidies, $ to RR in order to complete and aid in Western railroad development
The Big 4 Famous RR executives Stanford, Huntington, Vanderbilt, Crocker
![Page 145: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
![Page 146: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
•Airplane- •Wright Bros•Orville and Wilbur •1903 Kitty Hawk, NC
![Page 147: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
Taylorism= Scientific ManagementProduction process should be Divided into specialized tasksEach task speeds up productionTrain all workers to do unskilled jobs “Makes workers interchangeable”
![Page 148: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Captains of Industry or Robber Barons?
John D. RockefellerStandard OilBought out competition1881 Standard Oil Trust controlled 90% of oil refinery businessUsed horizontal integration to ruthlessly control and conquer the Oil industryJim Fisk and Jay Gould
Corrupt business practicesInvestments
Andrew Carnegie (1873)Pennsylvania Steel WorksCut costsMade deals with RRsBought rival copmaniesHenry Clay Frick managerOwned coal minesIron minesShipsControlled from mine to marketUsed vertical integrationCarnegie Steel 1901 (sold to J.P. Morgan$450 MillionUS Steel later worth $1.4 Billion)
![Page 149: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
![Page 150: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Rise of Big BusinessBy 1900 the American economy was dominated by business monopolies or trusts, huge business empiresTrusts in sugar, cotton, tobacco, meat, flour, and even whiskeyNumber of industrial combinations rose from 12 to 305 between 1887 and 1903
2,600 smaller firms disappearedBy 1900, 1 % of all companies produced 40%
of the manufacturing outputGAPE saw the rise of the modern corporation
Used 14th Amendment to gain “personhood” and rights
![Page 151: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
![Page 152: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
![Page 153: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
![Page 154: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
![Page 155: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
![Page 156: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
![Page 157: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
![Page 158: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
Immigration Statistics1860-1920 -- aprox. 30 million European immigrants1880-1920 -- appox. 27 million European immigrants2 “Waves” of immigrants
1860-1890 -- (approx. 10mil) Britain, Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia, Switzerland, Holland
1890-1920 -- (approx. 20mil) Italy, Greece, Austro-Hungary, Russia, Romania, Turkey
![Page 159: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
![Page 160: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
![Page 161: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
![Page 162: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
Chinese Immigrants
In 1851, a racist from NC named Hinton Helper left his home state to get away from what he referred to as the “diversity of color” in America’s more settled regions.
He traveled to California and was shocked to find Chinese people living there—so much so that he wondered out loud if the “copper” of the Pacific would cause as much discord and dissension as the “ebony” had on the Atlantic.
Between 1850 and 1882 the Chinese pop in the U.S. soared from 7,520 to 300,000. Chinese comprised 8.6 percent of California’s total pop and an impressive 25% of its wage earners.
![Page 163: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
![Page 164: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/164.jpg)
Chinese ExclusionIn calling for Chinese exclusion, one San Francisco paper referred to them as morally inferior heathen savages who were overly lustful and sensual. Chinese women were condemned as a depraved class, which was attributed in large part to their physical appearance. Critics thought they looked like Africans. Chinese men were portrayed as a sexual threat to white women.
Chinese also compared to Indians and referred to as the “new barbarians.”
![Page 165: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
![Page 166: American studies 2016](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022013004/58ee64e01a28abad3e8b467b/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)