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![Page 1: America Enters the War Home front Enlistment Objectives What were two popular methods the US Military acquired soldiers during WWII? Terms – Selective.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bffb1a28abf838cc0fc1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
America Enters the War
Home front
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Enlistment
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EnlistmentObjectives
• What were two popular methods the US Military acquired soldiers during WWII?
Terms
– Selective Service Act 1940
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AMERICANS RUSH TO ENLIST
• The Selective Service Act 1940 – Expanded the draft – All men aged 18 to 45
were eligible for military service,
– Provided an additional 10 million soldiers
• Volunteers– After Pearl Harbor– 5 million Americans
enlisted to fight in the war
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ALL AMERICANS FOUGHT
Despite discrimination at home, minority populations contributed to the war effort
• 1,000,000 African Americans served in the military
• 300,000 Mexican-Americans
• 33,000 Japanese Americans
• 25,000 Native Americans• 13,000 Chinese Americans
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EnlistmentObjectives
• What were two popular methods the US Military acquired soldiers during WWII?– Volunteers- 5 million– Draft -10 million
•
Terms
– Selective Service Act 1940• Forced American to
register for the draft• Must be 18 yrs old
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Sleeping Giant Awakes
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Sleeping Giant AwakesObjectives
• What effect did WWII have on the American Economy?
Terms
• Manhattan Project
• War Production Board
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MOBILIZATION OF SCIENTISTS
• Focus was on:– radar – sonar to locate
submarines– penicillin
• “Manhattan Project” – Building of the Atomic
Bomb
• In 1941, FDR created the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD)
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A PRODUCTION MIRACLE
• Americans converted their auto industry into a war industry
• The WPB decided- War Production Board– Which companies would
convert to wartime production
– How to best allocate raw materials to those industries
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END OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION
• Farmers too benefited as production doubled and income tripled
• Unemployment fell to only 1.2% by 1944 and wages rose 35%
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Sleeping Giant AwakesObjectives
• What effect did WWII have on the American Economy?– It increased production– Created Jobs– Ended the Great
Depression
Terms
• Manhattan Project – Building of the Atomic
Bomb• War Production Board
– Government organization– Transformed industries
from producing “consumer goods” to “military goods”
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Women Join The War
Rosie the Riveter
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Women in the WarObjectives
• What were the two major ways women contributed to the war effort during WWII?
Terms
– “Rosie the Riveter”
• WAAC
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Women in WWII
• “Rosie the Riveter”– icon of women worker– Women told it was their
patriotic duty to work
• Women Working– Huge demand for labor– Wartime production
• Over 6 million women entered the workforce
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WOMEN JOIN THE FIGHT• Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)– Under this program women worked
in non-combat roles• Nurses• Typists• Ambulance drivers• Radio operators• Pilots
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American Women During WWII“If you can drive a car, you
can run a machine.”
“Why do we need women workers? You can’t build ships, planes, and guns without them.”
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Women in the WarObjectives
• What were the two major ways women contributed to the war effort during WWII?– Joined the workforce in
war industries – Did “non-combat” jobs
Terms
– “Rosie the Riveter”• Icon of USA women
worker• WAAC–Women’s Auxiliary
Army Corps
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DON'T WASTE
Save
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Don't WasteObjectives
• What was the two main purposes of OPA?
• How did the Federal Government control inflation during WWII?
Terms
– OPA
– Inflation
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COLLECTION DRIVES
• Organized nationwide drives– Collect scrap iron, tin
cans, paper, rags and cooking fat for recycling
• OPA– The Office of Price Administration
– Purpose of OPA• Set up a system of rationing • Households had set allocations of scarce
goods – gas, meat, shoes, sugar, coffee
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• Restrictions on Buying– Ration coupons- Only buy so much a week– “Victory Gardens” Combat the food shortages.
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USA Enters WWII
Inflation out of Control• INFLATION
– PRICE OF GOODS INCREASE– Value of Money Decreases
• 1940s- Inflation on the Rise
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FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAKES CONTROL OF INFLATION
• FDR reaction– Price freezes
• Price for certain goods could not rise
1942Buy War Bond 200.00 (3%)
1952Sell Bond260.00
200 x 3% = 6.006.00 x 10 yrs= 60.00
• FDR reaction– War Bonds
• Saving Bonds for average people– Money goes to Government
• Two out of every three Americans bought War Bonds
• Interest rate 3 %• Matured in 10 yrs
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Don't WasteObjectives
• What was the two main purposes of OPA?• Set up a system of rationing – Organized nationwide
drives• How did the Federal
Government control inflation during WWII?– Price freezes
• Price for certain goods could not rise
– War Bonds• Savings bonds• Money goes to
government
Terms
– OPA• The Office of Price
Administration
– Inflation• PRICE OF GOODS
INCREASE
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Keep it Quiet
Don’t talk- Spies are around
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“Loose Lips Sinks Ships”
• Campaign to prevent spies from hearing military information
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• How could talking help the enemy?• SKIP THE FIRST PART OF VIDEO- BAD
LANGUAGE!!!!Loose Lips Sink Ships Video
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Bonus Material
Japanese Concentration Camps
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INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE AMERICANS
• When the war began, 120,000 Japanese Americans lived in the U.S. – mostly on the West Coast
• After Pearl Harbor, many people were suspicious of possible spy activity by Japanese Americans
• In 1942, FDR ordered Japanese Americans into 10 relocation centers
Japanese Americans felt the sting of discrimination during WWII
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Location of the 10 Internment camps
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Jerome camp in Arkansas
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U.S. PAYS REPARATIONS TO JAPANESE
• In the late 1980s, President Reagan signed into law a bill that provided $20,000 to every Japanese American sent to a relocation camp
• The checks were sent out in 1990 along with a note from President Bush saying, “We can never fully right the wrongs of the past . . . we now recognize that serious wrongs were done to Japanese Americans during WWII.”
Today the U.S. is home to more than 1,000,000 Japanese-Americans