am II · October 21, 1949, Vol. 110 1 I 11111111 1111 1 AMINO ACIDS Aminoacids, the nitrogenous...

OCTOBER 21, 1949

ATTACKS ON MUSCLEA. SZENT-GYORGYI

THE CORTICAL- CORRELATEOF PATTERN VISION

WOLFGANG KOHLER AND RICHARD HELD

TECHNICAL PAPERS

SCIENTIFIC BOOK REGISTER

NEWS AND NOTES

COMPLETE TABLE OF CONTENTS ON PAGE 3

VOLUME 110, NUMBER 2860

AlMERICAN

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AMINO ACIDS

Amino acids, the nitrogenous components of proteins, are of vitalimportance to adequate growth, maintenance and repair of tissue.As a service to nutritional research, GBI offers the followingproducts in convenient-sized packages at an economical price:

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SCIENCE

SCIENCE October 21, 1949, Vol. 110

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October 21, 1949, Vol. 11102 SCIENCE

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SCIENCEVol. 110 No. 2860 Friday, October 21, 1949

a

Attacks on Muscle:A. Szent-Gyorgyi................ 411

The Cortical Correlateof Pattern Vision:Wolfgang Kohier and Richard Held 414

Technical PapersThe Mutagenic Mode of Action of Formalin:

C. Auerbach .419Inhibition of Phosphatases by Beryllium andAntagonism of the Inhibition by Manganese:Kenneth P. DuBois, Kenneth W. Cochran,and Marcella Mazur.............. 420

The Skin Temperature of an Extremity as aMeasure of Its Blood Flow: E. S. Fetcher,John F. Hall, Jr., and Howard G. Shaub 422

The Action of Penicillin on Bacillus subtilisGrowing in the Absence of Amino Acids:T. H. Hunter and Kathryn T. Baker. 423

A Source of Error in Tracer Experiments withP32:B. A. Rubin ............. ........................ 425

Free Amino Acids and Peptides in FrogEmbryos: Chao-t'e Li and Eugene Roberts ... 425

The Interaction of Antimalarials with NucleicAcids. I. Acridines: J. Logan Irvin andElinor Moore Irvin. II. Quinolines:Frank S. Parker ...... ................................ 426

A Rationale for Plasma Therapy inPoliomyelitis: Robert M. Eaton andAlbert G. Bower ............. ......................... 428

A Photoelectric Microdensitometer:M. A. Lessler and H. A. Charipper ........................ 429

Remote Pipetting Apparatus for DispensingSolutions of Radioisotopes: Manuel Tubis,Claire Doan, and Raymond L. Libby .................. 431

Scientific Book Register.. 432

News and Notes .433

Science, a weekly journal founded in 1880, Is publishedeach Friday by the American Association for the Advance-ment of Science at the Business Press, 10 McGovern Ave.,Lancaster, Pa. Editorial and Advertising Offices, 1515 Massa-chusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Telephone, Execu-tive 6060. Cable address, SCIMAG, Washington, D. C.Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Lancaster,Pa., January 13, 1948, under the Act of March 3, 1879.Acceptance for mailing at the special rate postage providedfor in the Act of February 28, 1925, embodied in Paragraph4, Sec. 538, P.L. and R., authorized January 13, 1948.

Manuscripts submitted for publication should be sent to theEditorial Office, with stamped, self-addressed envelope en-closed for possible return. The AAAS assumes no responsi-bility for the safety of the manuscripts or for the opinionsexpressed by contributors.Annual subscription, $7.50; single copies, $.25: foreign

postage, outside the Pan-American Union, $1.00; Canadian

postage, $.50. Remittances and orders for subscriptions andsingle copies should be sent to the Circulation Department,Science, 1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C.Membership correspondence for the AAAS should be addressedto the Administrative Secretary of the same address.

Change of address. Four weeks' notice is required forchange of address. This should be sent to Science Recorder,1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Whenordering a change, it is necessary to furnish an address stencillabel from a recent issue. Claims for a missing number willnot be allowed If received more than 60 days from date ofissue. No claims allowed from subscribers due to failure tonotify the Circulation Department of a change of address orbecause an issue is missing from their files, or for any reasonfrom subscribers in Central Europe, Asia, or the PacificIslands (other than Hawaii).The AAAS also publishes The Scientific Monthly. Subscrip-

tion rates on request.

3

MAS EDITORIAL BOARD(Terms Eapire June .70, 1950)

George A. Baitsell H. Bentley GlassKarl Lark-Horovitz

Lorin J. Mullins Malcolm H. SouleHoward A. Meyerhoff

Chairman

Beth WilsonExecutive Editor of Science

F. A. Moulton, Advertising Representative

ONTENTS

CEC coe 2,14,Vl 1

PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES OF OIL PRODUCTIONBy MORRIS MUSKAT, Gulf Research and Development Company. International Series in Pure and AppliedPhysics. 922 pages, $15.00

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Formulates and correlates present information concerning the physical principles and facts underlying the me-chanics of oil production. The book is designed to stimulate and encourage further research study, clarify manyaspects of the subject, and to improve the correlation between laboratory theories and field observations.

PRINCIPLES OF INSECT PATHOLOGYBy EDWARD A. STEINHAUS, University of California. McGraw-Hill Publications in the Agricultural Sciences.717 pages, $8.00.

An entirely new, authoritative text and reference book on the diseases of insects. The book is concernedprimarily with the microbial diseases of insects, their epizootiology, and their use in the control of insect pests,but also includes a discussion of amicrobial diseases, injuries and abnormalities found in insects.

PHYSICS. PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONSBy HENRY MARGENAU, WILLIAM W. WATSON and C. G. MONTGOMERY, Yale University. 760 pages, $5.00

Covering both classical and modern physics, this important new text develops principles from the beginningand makes extensive use of the calculus throughout. Among the topics discussed are rubberlike elasticity, jetpropulsion, meteorology, the heat pump, mechanical impedance, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, man-madesatellites, atomic structure, radar, nuclear reactions, etc.

PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRYBy JAMES ENGLISH, JR. and HAROLD G. CASSIDY, Yale University. International Chemical Series. 512pages, $5.00.

A basic text for the standard undergraduate course, this book presents a selected body of factual and theoreticalmaterial, and shows how this carefully chosen material, the result of experiment, is used in the development andpractice of the science. An integrated modern treatment has been used throughout, incorporating electronic theo-ries so as to unify the discussion of all topics. A large number of challenging problems are included.

THE SCIENCE OF CHEMISTRYBy GEORGE W. WATT and LEWIS F. HATCH, The University of Texas. 566 pages, $4.50.

This text presents adequate and interesting information on chemical science and technology, for students whoare not chemistry majors. The various fields of chemistry are covered, with an especially thorough treatmentof organic chemistry. Emphasis is on fundamentals. Provides a comprehensive understanding of the science.

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October 21, 1949, Vol. 9

EASIER NUCLEAR COUNTING

The all new Model 1000-B is built forconvenient use. It weighs 14 pounds and is much

smaller and lighter than a portable typewriter. It is fool proofand easy to operate.The number of counts is indicated directly-in numerical form-eliminating all calculations or interpolation.-Scale of 1000 assures greater accuracy. New plug-in unit con-struction makes servicing easier and faster.

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For a free demonstration write us for the name of the fieldrepresentative nearest you. Send for Bulletin No. 302 for com-plete specifications and prices.

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October 21, 1949, Vol. 110 SCIENCE 9


-xAAAS PROCEEDINGS andua aa e erence DIRECTORY of MEMBERS=A directory of the 40,000 members of the AAAS, with briefbiographical sketches, making easily accessible the addressesand qulificatons of specialists in every principal field of science,plus the history of the Association from its founding in 1848.

The list of names below is a photographic copy of the upper portion of page 673of the DIRECTORY. It illustrates the ease with which a name can be found.

MEMBERS AND FELLOWS 673

MMa, Frederick; M40R40; CN.Ma. Roberta; P. 0. Box 826, Berwyn, Md.; Botanical8_e.; M46F47; G.MA, T. S.; Dept. chemistry, National Peking Univ.,P ing, China; Chemitry, Medicine; M44; CN.Myi, 0. L.; Timkm Roller Bearing Co., Canton, Ohio;Ch try, Enge ng; M42; CM.Mass, Philip; Hahnemann Medical Coll., 283 North16th St., Philadelphia. Pa.; Chemistry, Medicine; M42;CN.MIaske, Claree A.; Univ. Colorado, Hoop. and Med.&S, 4200 E. Ninth Ave., Denver, Colo.; Medicine,dution; 1M46F47; NQ.bbott,homa 0.; M44R44; LU

M by. Abwr; M88R40.Adam,D. 3l, Jr.; M18126R45; MB.fe, em M45R45, CM.

Me.fe., Wilfam Kafth (1898); Box 800, Redlands,Ca.; 3B.8 'U*n. EPetmvania; Ceramic lgne ;P~., tuVsi B Wy lag. Co., Redlands; M34-?sgrA3; Ms.

se, DM Wpdn_ (1910); Ph.D. Univ.sin Pi P~sog. Awsc. physiologist, dlv.

fwg ror. ELM. A,;B,. . Regional Soybean Lab.,Blidg. Urba, Ill.; MW37F89; G.

MO~lister, B~wasDar.ds (1901); Brightford Hgta.ocester, N. Y, Ph.D. Univ. California; PhaicRJI2dia; Cid Wr. i ntton camera wa,

Ko Co., Rochest; (M87F"R40)M47F;BM.

McAmis, J. C.; Tennessee Valley Authority, Knoxville,Tenn.; Agriculture, Botanical Sciences; M47; OG.McArdle, Edward H.; M42R42; C.MacArthur, C. G.; Bowmansville, N. Y.; Chemistry,Medicine; M28F33; CN.MacArthur, Edith Helena (1892); R. D. 1, Fort Ann,N. Y.; Ph.D.; Cheniutry, Nutrition; Prof. and chrmn.,dept. home economica, Skidmore Coll., Saratoga Springs;N. Y.; M29F33; CN.MacArthur, John Wood (1889); 200 Glencairn Ave.,Toronto, Ont., Canada; Ph.D. Univ. Chicago; Gendics;Prof. genetics, dept. Zoology, Univ. Toronto, Toronto,M1iF15; FG.McArthur, Selim Walker (1888); 122 S. MichiganAve., Chicago, Ill.; M.D. Univ. Chicago; Surgery; Asmoc.prof. surery, Univ. Illinois and sr. attending surgeon,St. lakes Boop., Chicago; M42; NF.MeAtee Vera; M88R88; FG.MeAuley, Auley A.; Miami Univ.; Oxford, Ohio;Zoology Scenc; M48; F.MeAuliffe, Grais Ward (1896); 630 Park Ave., NeYork, N. Y.; M.D. Long Idand Coll. Medicine; Otolwryogo~ Am. prof. otolaryngology, Cornell Univ., NeYork; M N;H.MeAvoy, Blanc (1M); 108 W. Ash St., Normal, Im.;Ph.D. Univ. Chicgo; cologia Botany; Aumo.biolog, fllneb State Nor Univ.; M21F83; G.Melin, no Wilha (1882); 571 Foothl Rd.,P. 0. Box 140, Stanford Univ., Calif.; Ph.D. Univ.Leip G oman; Chemistry; Prof. chemitry, StadwrUniv.: A2M: CB.

This particular part of page 673 is chosen because it contains brief examples of nearly all typesof biographical sketches. The first item is the name of a person who wais a member only one year.The not t the last name in .the first column includes the usual biographical sketch; the subjectw* born in 1910, took his doctor's degree at Wisconsin; his specialty is Plant Physiology; he be-ane a member of the Association in 1937, a fellow in 1939, and is affiliated with the Section0* Botanical sia<" (G).

Preceding the Directory of Members is a history of the Association from its founding in 1848to 1948, and a summary of the organization, objects, classes and numbers of members, dues,journals, awards, etc., of each of the 203 affiliated and associated societies of the AAAS. It is acompact survey of organized American science from its earliest days to the present time.1219 ,pp 6 x 9 inches, clothbound, in cartons, *ostage Prepaid-$U.5O to members, $9.50 to non-members.

Personal check or money order please.

ORDER YOUR COPY NOW!To: AAAS PUBLICATIONS1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W.,Washington 5, D. C.

Please accept my order for one copyof the AAAS Proceedings and Direc-tory of Members. Remittance in theamount of $ ...... is enclosed.

NAME .....

ADDRESS ..................................

CITY .. ZONE..

STATE .....................................


October21, 1949, VoL iie

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presented December 12-16 at theUniversity of Illinois by John von

Neumann, of the Institute for Ad-vanced Study. The program followsthe series presented at the universitylast year by Douglas R. Hartree,British physicist.

The American MeteorologicalSociety will hold its 30th anniversarymeeting in St. Louis, January 3-6.The first two days will be devoted toa symposium on air pollution, underthe chairmanship of C. A. Gosline,of E. I. du Pont de Nemours andCompany, Wilmington, Delaware.

The Pittsburgh Conference onAnalytical Chemistry and AppliedSpectroscopy, sponsored by the Ana-lytical Division of the AmericanChemical Society s Pittsburgh Sec-tion and the Spectrographic Societyof Pittsburgh, will be held at theWilliam Penn Hotel, Pittsburgh,February 15-17, 1950. Papers on

all phases of analytical chemistryand applied spectroscopy are invitedand abstracts in triplicate must bereceived by November 1.

DeathsKnight Dunlap, 73, professor

emeritus of psychology at the Uni-versity of California at Los Angeles,died August 14 of pneumonia. Dr.Dunlap was for many years professorof psychology at Johns Hopkins Uni-versity and was chairman of the Di-vision of Anthropology and Psychol-ogy of the National Research Councilfrom 1927 to 1929.

Earnest Stanley Shepherd, 70, re-

tired research chemist at the Geo-

physical Laboratory of the CarnegieInstitution of Washington, D. C.,died in Washington on September29. Dr. Shepherd conducted re-

search in the application of physicalchemistry to rock magmas and themeasurement of the temperature ofmolten lava.

Sigmund Samuel Greenbaum, 59,professor of dermatology and syphil-ology at the University of Pennsyl-vania, died October 3 at his home in

Philadelphia. At the time of hisdeath, Dr. Greenbaum, was also at-tending dermatologist at Mount Sinaiand Philadelphia General Hospitals.

Leonor Michaelis, 74, physicalchemist and retired member of theRockefeller Institute for Medical Re-search, died October 9 of a heartattack. His most recent work was

the discovery of the radical of vita-min E, the antisterility factor. Anative of Berlin, Dr. Michaelis was

at one time professor of biochemistryat the Medical School of Nagoya,Japan, and later resident lecturer atJohns Hopkins University.

National Health Program, 1949,a transcript of public hearings con-

ducted last May and June by theSenate Labor and Public WelfareCommittee, has been published andcopies are obtainable from the com-

mittee, U. S. Capitol, Washington 25,D. C. The two-volume, 1,247-pagetranscript contains the testimony ofAmerican Medical Association offi-cers, medical deans, economists, laborspokesmen, and others on compul-sory health insurance, voluntary pre-

payment plans, federal support ofmedical and dental education, hospi-tal expansion, and other nationalhealth issues.

Central Scientific Company an-

nounces the opening of a new officeat 347 Madison Avenue in New YorkCity to facilitate service in that area

on scientific instruments, laboratorysupplies, and chemical reagents fromunlimited stocks.

At a meeting held at the Univer-sity of Brussels, Belgium, March28-30, electrochemists from severalWeptern European countries createda new international organization des-ignated as the Committee of Elec-trochemical Thermodynamics andKinetics. The goal of the committeeis to facilitate and promote interna-tional collaboration in these fields.In each country where collaborationis secured, there will be a delegate incharge of coordinating the variousactivities within the program of thecommittee.The officers of the committee are:

Pierre Van Rysselberghe, Universityof Oregon, president; M. Pourbaix,University of Brussels, secretary.Delegates have been selected as fol-lows: A. Juliard, Brussels, for Bel-gium; F. E. W. Wetmore, Toronto,for Canada; J. Heyrovsky, Prague,

for Czechoslovakia; G. Charlot, Paris,for Franci T. P. Hoar, Cambridge,for Great Britain; R. Piontelli, Mi-lan, for Italy; W. G. Burgers, Delft,for the Netherlands; A. B. Winter-bottom, Trondheim, for Norway; E.Jimeno, Madrid, for Spain; and E.Wyler, Bern, for Switzerland.

Research planned at the meetingincludes: 1. Preparation of an "At-las of Electrochemical Equilibria, "which will be an extension of thefundamental work of Dr. Pourbaixon the potential-pH diagrams of iron,copper, chromium, etc., to all ele-ments for which the necessary dataare available. This atlas is beingprepared by Drs. Pourbaix, Delahay,and Van Rysselberghe. 2. System-atic determination of polarizationcurves for electrochemical reactions.This program would consist of theextension of the fundamental workof Drs. Wagner and Traud, of thedevelopment of the polarographicmethod, and of overvoltage studies,etc. 3. Applications of the twoforegoing groups of studies to corro-

sion, catalysis in solutions, electro-lytic phenomena, analytical chemis-try, etc.

Inquiries may be addressed to P.Van Rysselberghe, Department ofChemistry, University of Oregon, Eu-gene, Oregon.

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Status of AAAS MeetingReservations

The early and heavy demandfor single rooms already indi-cates a potential shortage of thistype of accommodations at the116th Meeting of the AAAS inNew York City, December 26-31. There are plenty of hotelrooms but many have double ortwin beds. Miss Sylvia T. Pel-tonen, Manager, Housing Bu-reau, New York Convention andVisitors Bureau, 500 Park Ave-nue, New York 22, who is incharge of room assignments,urges that, when possible, roomreservations be placed by partiesof two or more. This also hasthe advantage of a lower costper person. Room reservationcoupons will appear in the ad-vertising pages of Science atfrequent intervals.

October 21, 1949, Vol. 110 SCIENC:E

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