Already the Day After Tomorrow?Bogi Hansen, Svein Østerhus, Detlef Quadfasel,William Turrellwww.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 305 13 AUGUST 2004

ITF

The Indonesian Throughflow [ITF] affects the SST of the Pacific & Indian [& beyond?], and therefore influences large scale sea-air fluxes and ENSO and the Australasian Monsoon. Climate models must “get it right”

Annual mean sea surface temperature [SST]

Warm poolMonsoon moisture

In addition, the ITF affects the properties of the Indonesian seas.

1940-m

1300-1500-m

300-m

580-m

680-m

1350-m

2800-m

Sill depths [meters] in red [Gordon et al 2003]; Seas in Green

Banda

Sulawesi

mak

assa

r

Maluku

Flores

Timor

Java

Halmahera

Seram

X-equator flow= 10, 13 Sv

Schematic of Indonesian Throughflow pathways (red numbers represent previously determined transport in Sv (106 m3/sec); the smaller black numbers refer to the literature source, see: Gordon, 2001). Inserts A-D show positions of INSTANT moorings. Insert A: 2 United States Makassar Strait Inflow moorings (red diamond) within Labani Channel. Insert C: The Netherlands mooring within the main channel of Lifamatola Passage (yellow triangle). Insert B, D: Sunda moorings in Ombai Strait, Lombok Strait, and Timor Passage: United States (red diamonds); France, (purple square); Australia (green circles). The positions of the shallow pressure gauge array (United States, green X).