[Alley, 2013] Teaching Slides: Overview The Craft of Scientific Presentations Michael Alley College...
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Transcript of [Alley, 2013] Teaching Slides: Overview The Craft of Scientific Presentations Michael Alley College...
[Alley, 2013]
Teaching Slides: Overview
The Craft of Scientific Presentations
Michael AlleyCollege of EngineeringPennsylvania State University
[estevejobs.com]
[TED.com]
[Alley, 2013]
To excel in your presentations, you will need content, passion, and a keen sense of the audience
[www.psyclops.com]
[ted.com]
[www.wildchimpanzees.org]
[Alley, 2013]
audience
purpose occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentationby analyzing your constraints
what they know why they are there
to inform
to persuade
time
room
[Alley, 2013]
*
To excel in your scientific presentations, you guideyour audience up the mountain of your work
Orienting audience at the start
Keeping audienceon the path
Appreciatingthe view
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Slides influence the preparation, delivery, and understanding of a scientific presentation
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
[estevejobs.com]
A key assumption is that slides are neededfor that part of the presentation
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work
pre-combustion methods
post-combustion methods
combustion methods
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Success involves defining a valuable scope and a satisfying depth
unknown
Valuable
Satisfying
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Atmospheric Mercury Depletion Events (AMDEs) in Polar Regions
During Arctic Spring
Stuart Apple, Kerry Cho, Dale GrayEnvironmental Engineering Department
22 October 2011
A common error in the beginning of scientific talks is to leave the audience behind
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Determining Whether Atmospheric Mercury Goes into Surface Snow after a Depletion Event
Katrine AspmoTorunn BergNorwegian Institute for Air Research
Grethe WibetoeUniversity of Oslo, Dept. of Chemistry
June 16, 2004
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
01.01 02.03 01.05 30.06 29.08 28.10 27.12
ng/m3
Event
Ny-Ålesund
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Introduction Background Theory for Hg Cycling Measurements from Station
Atmospheric Hg Surface Snow Hg
Environmental Implications Conclusions Acknwoledgments Questions
A common error in the mapping of scientific talks is to show a list that is not memorable
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
This talk traces what happens to mercury after it depletes from the atmosphere in arctic regions
Environmental implications
Measurements from StationTheory for mercury cycling
[Alley, 2013]
*
To excel in your scientific presentations, you guideyour audience up the mountain of your work
Keeping audienceon the path
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Another assumption is that the slides we project should differ from our handout
≠
[Alley, 2013]
©Lars Erik Johannessen
Our research question is whether the dunlins of Iceland and the Baltic Sea are different subspecies
Iceland
BalticSea
[commons.wikimedia.org]
[Alley, 2013]
PowerPoint’s defaults arose before much research on slidesand have not changed significantly
1987
2003
2007
[Gomes 2007] [Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
PowerPoint’s defaults run counter to how people learn
Does not filter noise
Leads to too many words
Consumes valuable space
[Garner et al., 2009]
[Alley, 2013]
The assertion–evidence structure consists of a message headline supported by visual evidence
[Settles, 2002]
scentsource
The way a dog sniffs does not contaminate the vapor stream from the scent source
[Settles et al., 2002]
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
scentsource
The way a dog sniffs does not contaminate the vapor stream from the scent source
[Settles et al., 2002]
[Alley, 2013]
scentsource
The way a dog sniffs does not contaminate the vapor stream from the scent source
[Settles et al., 2002]
[Alley, 2013]
The first step is to write a sentence headline that statesthe main message of the slide
sentenceheadline
[Alley, 2013]
A succession of electron acceptors occurs when an aquifer becomes contaminated with oil
CH4CH4 SO4SO42−2−
FeFe 3+3+ NO3
Mn
NO3
Mn
−−
4+4+
O2O2
––––––
OilOil
Flow
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
A data acquisition system changes the form of the dataA digital acquisition system has to sample at a ratefast enough to retain the shape of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital Converter
MeasurementDevice
Digital Acquisition System Sampling
Vibration measured by accelerometer– Analog voltage produced– Sinusoidal shape
Analog signal converted to digital signal Signal sampled at a specific rate Rate → high enough to retain analog shape
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
A digital acquisition system has to sample at a ratefast enough to retain the shape of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital Converter
MeasurementDevice
[Alley, 2013]
The second step is to find or create visual evidence that supports the sentence headline
visualevidence
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Most streams were classified in fair condition because of high chloride concentrations
Delaware River Parks:
79% Fair
Chloride caused most problems
Western Pennsylvania Parks:
75% Fair
Chloride caused most problems
West Virginia Parks:
48% Fair
Sulfate caused most problem
[Alley, 2013]
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridgehas grown exponentially
19521.1 million vehicles
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]
[Alley, 2013]
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridgehas grown exponentially
19611.5 million
19521.1 million
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]
[Alley, 2013]
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridgehas grown exponentially
19611.5 million
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]
19521.1 million
200727 Million
[Alley, 2013]
Normalized friction factors and Nusselt numbers correlated our data with the data of others
Reynolds Number
Nuo, fo
TwallTinletHeat Flux, q˝
h
Nu
Tbulk
Pressure Drop
Friction Factor, f22 bulkair
htap
ux
DdPf
4.08.00 PrRe023.0 Nu
2.00 Re046.0 f
air
h
k
DhNu
Pressure Taps ThermocouplesVenturi Meter Voltmeter
[Alley, 2013]
At typical highway speeds, overcoming drag requires about two-thirds of a truck engine’s output
[McCallen, 2004]
Aerodynamic DragCD = 0.6
Rolling Friction and Accessories
[Alley, 2013]
≠
A data acquisition system changes the form of the dataA digital acquisition system has to sample at a ratefast enough to retain the shape of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital Converter
MeasurementDevice
Another assumption is that the slides that we project are for our audience, rather than for us
[Alley, 2013]
The third step in creating assertion-evidence slides is to change the defaults of PowerPoint
[Alley, 2013]
Before:
Tsunamis cause devastating destruction, especially to sparsely vegetated areas.
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Gleebruk Village, Sri LankaAfter:
http://homepage.mac.com/demark/tsunami/14.html
PPT’s defaults
crowd this slide
[Alley, 2013]
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Gleebruk Village, Sri Lanka
Before
Tsunamis cause devastating destruction, especially to sparsely vegetated areas
After
[homepage.mac.com/demark/]
Sparse
SparseSparse
[Alley, 2013]
June 23, 2008 2008 ASEE Annual Conference -- Pittsburgh
Questions ?
A common error in the endings of scientific talks is to waste the last slide
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Adsorbed HOAc allows the growth of siderite
A thick siderite layer protects the steel from corrosion
Questions?
In summary, high concentrations of acetic acidhelp protect steel from corrosion
SteelFe3+x O4-y
FeCO3
[Alley, 2013]
Many engineers and scientists have had successusing the assertion-evidence approach
writing.engr.psu.edu/speaking.html
[Alley, 2013]
In scientific presentations, speakers fashion most words on the spot, but after planning and practice
Memorized
Read
Impromptu
Fashioned on spotafter planning
[Alley, 2013]
In her TED talk, Patek focused on the content andher passion for the ideas
Sheila Patek[TED.com]
[Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
Hans Rosling
Passion leads to preparation which then leads to confidence
[TED.com]
[Marshall, 2008; Alley, 2013]
[Alley, 2013]
In summary, to excel in your presentations, you will need content, passion, and an acute sense of audience
[www.psyclops.com]
[ted.com]
[www.wildchimpanzees.org]