Protecting Your Business With Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights
All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston,...
-
Upload
abraham-alexander -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
1
Transcript of All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston,...
![Page 1: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and
Copyrights
Chip Hood and Bill Needle
Charleston, S.C.Atlanta, Ga.
www.needlerosenberg.com
![Page 2: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Web Sites for Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights
www.uspto.gov(Patents and Trademarks)
www.loc.gov/copyright(Copyrights)
![Page 3: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Patents
![Page 4: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
What is Patentable?
The Supreme Court has said that patents cover “anything under the sun that is made by man.”
Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303 (1980) (genetically-engineered bacteria that broke down crude oil)
![Page 5: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Examples of Patentable Subject Matter
Methods of doing business (e.g., Amazon.com’s “1-click” patent; Priceline.com’s “reverse-auction” patent).
Software Vaccines, diagnostic tests
![Page 6: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Life of a Patent
• 20 years from the filing date of a utility application(no rights during pendency- “Patent Pending”).
• 14 years from issuance for a design patent
![Page 7: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Patent Theory
Patents grant their owner the right to “exclude others from”:
• Making the invention;
• Using the invention;
• Selling the invention;
• Offering the invention for sale;
• Importing the invention.
![Page 8: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Patent Theory
U.S. patent covers only the United States.
Separate patent necessary in each country – no one patent covers the world.
![Page 9: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Patent ApplicationsFiled and Issued
Patents Issued
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
1790 1850 1900 1950 1990 2001
Patent Applications
Patents Issued
![Page 10: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Patent Office Statistics
Patents Issued:
66,000 in 1980.
176,000 in 2000.
168,000 in 2002.Source U.S.P.T.O.Numbers rounded to nearest 1000.
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
200000
Patents Issued
1980
2000
2002
![Page 11: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
Patent Office Statistics
1998:240,090 applications filed
2002:335,418 applications filed
![Page 12: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
Patent Office Statistics
Biotechnology patent applications increased to 47,473 in 2002 from 18,695 in 1996 (a 154% increase).
In contrast, over the same period, there
was only a 12% increase in the number of patent examiners.
![Page 13: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
“I have this invention. I know it’s worth millions. What can I do to protect myself?”
![Page 14: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
Invention Development Companies
NO! NO! NO! NEVER!
![Page 15: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
WARNING:
The One-Year Statutory Bar Rule
![Page 16: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
One-Year Rule for Patents
An inventor has one year from the date of the first public disclosure of the invention to file a patent application in the U.S. Patent Office.
![Page 17: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Public Use/Offer for Sale/Sale Before U.S. Application Filed
One-Year Rule for Patents
one year
Public Use/Sale File in U.S.
![Page 18: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
One-Year Rule for Patents
But, if the application is filed after the disclosure, the inventor is not able to file for patent protection in most foreign countries.
![Page 19: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
One-Year Rule for Patents
So, what do you do?
Answer: File first and then disclose.
![Page 20: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
One-Year Rule for Patents
U.S. Application Filed Before Public Use/Offer for Sale/Sale – Foreign Filings Preserved
one year
File in U.S. File ForeignPublic Use/Sale
![Page 21: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
You may forfeit your right to patent an invention if there is a public disclosure of your invention more than one (1) year prior to filing a patent application.
Therefore, you should not do any of the following without determining whether patent protection should be sought for the technology:
– Do Not – Do Any of the Following
![Page 22: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Display or discuss the invention at a seminar, lecture, workshop, or trade show open to the public, or
Disclose the invention without a signed Confidential Disclosure (or Non-Disclosure) Agreement, or
– Do Not – Do Any of the Following
![Page 23: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Disclose the invention on inventor’s or company’s web site, or
Submit an article to a journal for publication, or
Offer for sale or sell the invention, or
– Do Not – Do Any of the Following
![Page 24: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Distribute samples of the product to customers, or
Consumer or market test a new product (“Carpet Fresh”), or
– Do Not – Do Any of the Following
![Page 25: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Distribute advertising brochures about the invention, or
Demonstrate a prototype to a public group.
The goal: to prevent unnecessary loss of patent rights due to premature use, sale or publication of patentable technology.
– Do Not – Do Any of the Following
![Page 26: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
Patentability
Is the invention patentable? You can do patentability searches on Patent Office website or pay someone to perform search in Patent Office records.
![Page 27: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
Infringement
Does the invention infringe someone’s patent? Infringement search and analysis should be performed by a patent attorney.
![Page 28: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
Infringement
You receive a cease and desist letter of infringement – the perils of ignoring it:• Willful infringement.• Treble damages and attorney’s
fees.
![Page 29: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Marking
Marking of the product with the patent number starts the infringement damages clock.
![Page 30: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Joint Inventors
Absent agreement to the contrary, a co-inventor is a co-owner who may use or license or assign the patented invention without being held accountable to the other owner(s). 35 U.S.C. § 262
![Page 31: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
Trade Secret Protection
Trade secrets:• are not generally known to the
public, • are protectable as long as the
information remains secret, and • have been the subject of
reasonable efforts to maintain confidentiality.
![Page 32: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Trade Secret Protection
Confidentiality measures must be reasonable under the circumstances:• Non-disclosure or confidentiality
agreements• Advising employees that information
is trade secret• Marking documents “confidential”• Employment agreements
![Page 33: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
Copyrights ©
![Page 34: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
34
What is copyright?
A form of protection for original works of expression fixed in a tangible form, including
literary, musical,
pictorial,graphic,sculptural,
audiovisual works.
![Page 35: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
35
Copyrights
Examples of Copyrightable Subject Matter:
Songs
Movies (but not their titles)
Games
Jewelry
Software (sequence of coded instructions which direct the process steps)
![Page 36: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
Copyrights
CABBAGE PATCH KIDS babies
![Page 37: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
Copyrights
“Original works of expression”
Originality ≠ Novelty
![Page 38: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
38
Idea vs. Expression of Idea
“Original works of expression”
Copyright does not protect an idea, only the expression of the idea.
![Page 39: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
39
Idea vs. Expression of Idea
![Page 40: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
40
Idea vs. Expression of Idea
A copyright owner has no right to prevent the independent creation of the same expression of an idea.
![Page 41: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
41
Rights of Copyright Owner
Copyright owner has the exclusive right:
1. To reproduce the work,2. To perform the work publicly,3. To distribute copies of the
work,4. To display the work publicly,
and
![Page 42: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Rights of Copyright Owner
5. To make derivative works based upon the
original work.
![Page 43: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
Copyright Protection
Arises automatically with fixation of the work in a tangible medium.
![Page 44: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Copyright Protection
Don’t have to register the copyright.
Only need to register if suing for infringement.
![Page 45: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
45
Copyright Protection
Recommended to seek registration within 3 months from first publication to collect statutory damages (up to $100,000/infringement) and attorney’s fees.
![Page 46: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
46
How to Register a Copyright?
Download the appropriate form at the Copyright Office website:
www.loc.gov/copyright
and follow the simple directions.
![Page 47: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
47
Copyright Notice
© [year date of creation] [owner]
or
Copyright [year date of creation] [owner]
![Page 48: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
48
Who Owns the Copyright?
You hire a programmer who creates software for your business.
Who owns the copyright in the software?
![Page 49: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
Work for Hire
A work prepared by anemployee within the scope ofhis/her employment (i.e., it was part of the job duties ofthe creator to create the work).
![Page 50: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
Work for Hire
Anything else, get a written agreement from the author where he assigns his copyrightable interests in the work to you.
![Page 51: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
Duration of Copyright
Life of the author plus 70 years.
If work for hire: shorter of 95 years from publication or 100 years from creation.
![Page 52: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
Patent vs. Copyright
Inventions vs. Works of art Idea vs. Expression of idea Upon issuance vs. Upon
creation Expensive vs. No cost 20 Years from filing vs. Life of
author plus 70 years
![Page 53: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
53
Trademarks
![Page 54: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
54
A trademark or “brand name”comprises “anything” that identifies the source of goods or services from those of another when used in commerce.
What is a Trademark?
![Page 55: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
55
A Trademark Can Be:A Word or Group of Words
COKE
CABBAGE PATCH KIDS
DON’T LEAVE HOME WITHOUT IT
![Page 56: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
56
A Trademark Can Be:A Symbol, Pictorial
Representation or Design
NIKE “Swoosh”
LACOSTE Alligator
Five interlocking Olympic rings
![Page 57: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
57
A Trademark Can Be: A Combination of Word(s) Plus
Symbol, Pictorial Representation or Design
NESTEA
CHURCH’S
![Page 58: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
58
A Trademark Can Be:Numeral(s), Letter(s) or Combinations Thereof
501 Jeans
IBM computers
LOTUS 1-2-3
V-8 Juice
![Page 59: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
59
A Trademark Can Be:A Shape of a Container or
Packaging COKE bottle
Conical top of CROSS pen
TOBLERONE chocolate packaging
![Page 60: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
60
A Trademark Can Be: A Color
Orange for THE HOME DEPOT stores
Pink for Owens-Corning’s insulation
![Page 61: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
61
A Trademark Can Be:A Sound
Chimes for NBC
![Page 62: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
62
A Trademark Can Be:A Sound
Lion roar for MGM
![Page 63: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
63
The mark consists of the exhaust sound of applicant’s motorcycles, produced by V-Twin, common crankpin motorcycle engines when the goods are in use.
(Application Serial No. 74/485,223)
A Trademark Can Be:A Sound
HARLEY DAVIDSON
![Page 64: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
64
A Trademark Can Be:A Scent
“The mark consists of a high impact, fresh flower fragrance reminiscent of Plumeria blossoms” • U.S. Reg. No. 1,639,128
![Page 65: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
65
Trademarks vs. Service Marks
Trademarks identify products or goods.
Service marks identify services.
![Page 66: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
66
Service Marks
GOLDEN ARCHES Design
MCDONALD’S
![Page 67: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
67
Trademarks
GOLDEN ARCHES Design
BIG MAC
MCDONALD’S Plus Design
![Page 68: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
68
Certification Marks
Example: VIDALIA for onions (“The certification mark is intended to be
used by persons authorized by certifier, and will certify that the goods in connection with which it is used are yellow Granex type onions and are grown by authorized growers within the Vidalia onion production area in Georgia as defined in the Georgia Vidalia Onion Act of 1986.”)
![Page 69: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
69
Trade Names vs. Trademarks
A trade name is not a trademark: McDonald’s Corporation vs.
McDONALD’S
Trade names are not registrable in the Trademark Office.
![Page 70: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
70
Types of MarksStrength
• Highest
• None
Fanciful
Arbitrary
Suggestive
Merely Descriptive
Generic
![Page 71: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
71
Fanciful
XEROX
KODAK
EXXON
CLOROX
KOTEX
POLAROID
![Page 72: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
72
Arbitrary
COMMAND hair care products
SHELL gasoline
APPLE computers
ICE CREAM chewing gum
GUESS? Jeans
DIE-HARD batteries
![Page 73: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
73
Suggestive
CROSSTALK software
STRONGHOLD nails
7-ELEVEN retail store service
COPPERTONE tanning products
RAPID SHAVE shaving cream
GLEEM toothpaste
ROACH MOTEL roach bait
WOOLITE wool cleaner
![Page 74: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
74
Merely Descriptive
CHAP-STICK chapped lip treatment
SHEAR PLEASURE beauty salon
BEEF AND BREW restaurants
HOUR AFTER HOUR deodorant
![Page 75: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
75
Generic
aspirin cellophane cola cornflakes cube steak dry ice
escalator high octane kerosene lanolin linoleum
![Page 76: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
76
Generic
mimeograph murphy bed nylon raisin bran refrigerator
shredded wheat
thermos trampoline yo-yo zipper
![Page 77: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
77
The Term “Brilliant” would be:
Merely descriptive for diamonds.
Suggestive for furniture polish.
Arbitrary for applesauce.
![Page 78: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
78
Your Client Wants to Adopt a New Mark
Search, Search, Search:
Trademark Office (www.uspto.gov)
Thomson & Thomson (www.thomson-thomson.com)
![Page 79: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
79
Types of Trademark Applications
Actual use of mark in interstate commerce; and
Intent-to-use the mark in interstate commerce.
![Page 80: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
80
No - No’s
Can’t assign an intent-to-use trademark application.
![Page 81: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
81
No - No’s
An assignment of a trademark, absent the “goodwill of the business connected therewith”, is invalid –
“assignment in gross”.
![Page 82: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
82
No - No’s
Licensing of a trademark, without quality control provisions, results in a “naked” license.
![Page 83: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
83
The Care and Feeding of Marks
Always use the mark as a proper adjective which modifies a noun, such as CABBAGE PATCH KIDS dolls, LEVI’S jeans, XEROX copy machines.
![Page 84: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
84
Never use a mark in the possessive form, in the plural form or as a verb.
Avoid prefixes, suffixes, additions or deletions of the mark.
The Care and Feeding of Marks
![Page 85: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
85
The Care and Feeding of Marks
Distinguish the mark in use from surrounding text: distinctive type face, quotation marks, all capital letters or capitalize the first letter of each word of the mark.
![Page 86: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
86
For Registered Marks: “®” or “Registered in the U.S. Patent
and Trademark Office” or “Reg. U.S. Pat. TM. Off.”
Marking and damages.
The Care and Feeding of Marks
![Page 87: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
87
The Care and Feeding of Marks
For unregistered marks:
“TM” “SM”
or an asterisk indicating “A trademark/service mark of XYZ Corporation.”
![Page 88: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
88
Benefits of a Federal Registration
Registrant can:
1. Claim constructive date of first use of mark to date of filing of application.
2. Prevent registration of similar or confusing marks.
![Page 89: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
89
Benefits of a Federal Registration
3. Secure injunctive relief and damages in federal court.
4. Assert the registration in court as prima facie evidence of ownership, validity and right to exclusive use throughout the United States.
![Page 90: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
90
Benefits of a Federal Registration
5. Eliminate defense of innocent adoption of mark by providing nationwide constructive notice of ownership of mark.
![Page 91: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
91
Benefits of a Federal Registration
6. Obtain incontestability of the mark after (5) years of use (conclusive proof of registrant’s ownership, exclusive right to use the mark, and the mark’s distinction).
![Page 92: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
92
Benefits of a Federal Registration
7. Prevent the importation of goods with infringing marks once the mark is recorded with Customs.
![Page 93: All You Need to Know About Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights Chip Hood and Bill Needle Charleston, S.C. Atlanta, Ga. .](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e1c5503460f94b0a463/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
93
Thank You!