All of the matter in the universe is made up of the 118 elements on the Periodic Table.

The Periodic Table

We group these elements in many different ways.

There are “blocks” of elements that all have similarities.

There are also “periods” of elements that are in the same horizontal row.

The Periodic Table

“Groups” are also made out of the vertical columns. These elements are very similar.

The Periodic Table

The last way we can group the elements is in to families.

We are going to focus on these families because they group together the elements with the most similar characteristics. Looking at the family will tell you the most information about an element.

The Periodic Table

Family

!Just like the members of a family have many similarities, the elements of a family on the Periodic

Table have lots in common!

Please take out your copy of The Periodic Table. Label and Color

along as we talk about each part.

After you have colored and labeled the family on your Table, fill in the notes about each family’s characteristics on your “Families of the Periodic

Table” worksheet.

Color and Label Activity

Start by numbering the periods on the Table. The periods are the horizontal rows. Number

them 1 through 7.

The Periods

Next, number the groups. The groups are the vertical columns. Number them 1 through 18.Periods and Groups are an easy way to locate

an element quickly.

The Groups

Start a key for your periodic table here or under your table:

Every time we color a family, add it to your key.

Key

A key is the

part of a map

or diagram

that gives you

the

information

you need to

read and

understand it!

The first family we will discuss is the Alkali Metals. Color them red on your Periodic Table.

The Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

All of the alkali metals:Are shiny and soft.Are highly reactive with other elements.Easily lose their outermost electron.Can be cut easily.In nature, are only found in salts - never by

themselves.The most abundant of which is Sodium, which is in the salt

we add to our food! Did you know that sodium is a metal?

The Alkali Metals

The Alkaline Earth MetalsNext, color and label the Alkaline Earth

Metals. Color them green.

Alkaline Earth Metals

All of the Alkaline Earth Metals:Are shiny and silvery-white.Are somewhat reactive with other

elements.Easily lose their two outermost

electrons.Have low density, melting point, and

boiling point.

The Alkaline Earth Metals

Next, label the Transition Metals. Color them blue.

The Transition Metals

Transition Metals

All of the Transition Metals:Are malleable and ductile.Are very good conductors of heat and

electricityAre very dense.Have a high boiling point and a high

melting point.Other than the metals in group 12 –

they have a lower boiling and melting point than the others. They are liquid at room temperature.

The Transition Metals

Now, label the Other Metals. Color them purple.

The Other Metals

The Other Metals

The Other Metals:Are the metals that don’t share

characteristics with any other family of metals.

Are also malleable and ductile.Have a semi-high density.Are opaque.Are solid at room temperature.

The Other Metals

Now, label the Metalloids. Color them orange.

The Metalloids

The Metalloids

The Metalloids:Are the elements in between the metals

and the non-metals. Share similarities with both metals and

non-metals.Most are semi-conductors.

The Metalloids

Now, label the Non-Metals. Color them pink.

The Non-Metals

The Non-Metals

All of the Non-Metals:Do not conduct heat or electricity well.Are very brittle.Some are gases, like Oxygen.Some are solids, like Carbon.Have no luster and reflect no light.

The Non-Metals

Next, label the Halogens. Color them light blue.

The Halogens

The Halogens

All of the Halogens:Are non-metallic.Are toxic.Are highly reactive.Occur in solids, liquids, and gases at

room temperature.

The Halogens

Next, label the Noble Gases. Color them gray.

The Noble Gases

The Noble Gases

All of the Noble Gases:Almost never react with any other

element.Have full outer shells.Are very stable.Are all gases.Are odorless and colorless.Have low melting and boiling points.

The Noble Gases

Lastly, label the Rare Earth Elements. Color them light green.

The Rare Earth Elements

The Rare Earth Elements

All of the Rare Earth Elements:Are referred to as the lanthanide and

actinide series.Are mostly synthetic (man-made).Are a part of group 3 on the Periodic

Table.Are metals.

And are sometimes called “Rare Earth Metals” instead of Rare Earth Elements.

The Rare Earth Elements

The End!