PAINTING

• DEFINITION•HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE PAINTING

• ELEMENTS• TYPES• STYLES

•FAMOUS PAINTINGS• FILIPINO PAINTERS

PAINTING• The expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional visual language.

• An artist’s decision to use a particular medium, such as tempera, fresco, oil, acrylic, watercolour or other water-based paints, ink, gouache, encaustic, or casein

• The pigment may be in a wet form, such as paint, or a dry form, such as pastels.

• Painting can also be a verb, the action of creating such an artwork.

Need to Know:• Pigment: Nearly all paint colors come from nature. Dirt, rock, plants, etc. are the raw material, which is ground down into what is called a pigment.

•Acrylic Paint: A thick shiny paint made by mixing pigment with water and an acrylic base. Dries within a few hours.

• Poster Paint: A solid water-based paint that dries to a matt finish.

• Fresco: The word is Italian for "fresh". The technique involves painting with dry pigment on wet plaster. Fresco a secco involves painting on dry plaster.

•Oil Paint: A thick, shiny paint made by mixing pigment with oil (usually linseed). Takes several days to dry.

• Tempera: A water-based paint that may or may not be mixed with egg yolks (egg tempera).

•Watercolor: A soft and see-through (transparent) paint made from pigment, water and gum Arabic.  

BRIEFHISTORY OF PHILIPPINE PAINTING

• Artistic paintings were introduced to the Filipinos in the 16th century when the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines.

• the Spaniards used paintings as religious propaganda to spread Catholicism throughout the Philippines. These paintings, appearing mostly on church walls, featured religious figures appearing in Catholic teachings.

• In the early 19th century, wealthier, educated Filipinos introduced more secular Filipino art, causing art in the Philippines to deviate from religious motifs.

ELEMENTS

• The elements of painting are the basic components or building blocks of a painting (and art generally). In Western art they are generally considered to be:• Color• Tone (or value)• Line (a narrow mark made by a brush, or a line created where two things meet)• Shape (2D, can be positive or negative) and Form (3D)• Space (or volume)• Texture (or pattern)

Color• is the most basic element of a painting. Every color has three aspects to it: hue or name, value or tone, and intensity.

• Hue – Pure Color (Red, Blue…..).

• Value – Amount of Black or White in color.

• Intensity – Degree of Purity of color.

Tone• refers to the degree of lightness or darkness of an area. 

• Tone varies from the bright white of a light source through shades of gray to the deepest black shadows. 

Line• Is used to control our eye, create unity and balance. Help construct meanings.

• Line can be described as a moving dot.  Line is perhaps the most basic element of drawing.

Shape • an element of art that is a two-dimensional area that is defined in some way.  A shape may have an outline around it or you may recognize it by its area.

•Geometric shapes - precise shapes that can be described using mathematical formulas.  Ex. Circle, square, triangle, oval, rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, pentagon, pentagram, hexagon, and octagon.

• Freeform Shapes - also called organic shapes, are irregular and uneven shapes.  Their outlines may be curved, angular, or a combination of both

• Form - an element of art, means objects that have three dimensions.  I like to think of form as a 3-D shape

Space

• Is the area around, above, and within an object.  With consideration to drawings and paintings, our goal is to create the illusion of space.

Six (6) ways an artist can create the illusion of space on a 2-Dimensional surface.

•Overlapping  - occurs when objects that are closer to the viewer prevent the view of objects that are behind them.

• Placement on the paper - Objects placed higher within the picture plane will appear further away.

• Size - Objects that are smaller will appear further away from the viewer.

• Detail - Objects that are further away should have less detail than objects that are closer to the viewer.

• Color and Value - Objects that are further away are lighter in value, while objects that are closer are typically darker in value.

• Perspective - Linear perspective is a drawing method that uses lines to create the illusion of space on a flat surface.

Texture • Implied – suggested roughness or smoothness of objects in the composition.

• Real – what it would feel like if you touch it.

TYPES OF PAINTING

• Landscape is an outdoor scene. A landscape artist uses paint to create not only land, water, and clouds but air, wind, and sunlight.

• Portrait is an image of a person or animal. Besides showing what someone looks like, a portrait often captures a mood or personality.

• Still life shows objects, such as flowers, food, or musical instruments. A still life reveals an artist's skill in painting shapes, light, and shadow.

•Real Life scene captures life in action. It could show a busy street, a beach party, a dinner gathering, or anyplace where living goes on.

•Religious work of art shares a religious message. It might portray a sacred story or express an artist's faith

STYLES IN PAINTING

• Hyperrealism

• Minimalism

• Futurism

• Impressionism

• Fauvism

• Abstract Art

• Surrealism

• Conceptual Art

Pop Art

• Photorealism

Abstract Art• refers to a style of painting that does not use figurative reality as a reference.

• the artist alludes to his or her subject and reduces it to a simplified form.

4 Types of Abstract Art• Abstract Expressionism - Abstract expressionism paintings are emotionally intense and spontaneously created by the artist.

No. 5, 1948  Jackson Pollock, 

• Color Field - Color field paintings are characterized by large, solid colors on a flat plane. The colors are the subjects themselves, and they are normally painted on large canvas material.

No. 61 (Rust and Blue), 1953 Mark Rothko

• Lyrical Abstraction - Lyrical abstraction refers to abstract paintings that are softer and more romantic in nature.

Side of St. George, 1968, Paul Jenkins

• Cubism - Cubism is characterized by geometric figures. Cubist painters analyze the subject and break it up into a geometric abstract form.

Three Musicians, 1921 Pablo Picasso

Surrealism • The images in these paintings are often illogical and have a dream-like quality about them.

Joan Miró, The Tilled Field, (1923–1924), 

Conceptual Art• Is a modern art style where the artist believes that concept is more important than artwork itself.

Marcel Duchamp, No. 2 Nude Descending a Staircase,1911–12

Pop Art• occurred as a reaction to abstract expressionism, which mid-1950s British artists believed was art that was far-removed from daily life.

Three Flags, 1958 Jasper Johns

Photorealism • one that looks as realistic as a photograph. This is done by taking a picture of the subject and then painting it.

• Phoenix, (Oil in Canvas). Glennray Tutor 2005

Hyperrealism• Is an advancement of the photorealism art movement. Artists use high-resolution cameras to take photographs and paint them on canvas.

Richard Estes "Flughafen Airport“ 1981

Minimalism•Minimalism is an art movement that is, as expected, characterized by simplicity. Minimalist paintings strip down the subject to its very essence.

•Onement 1, 1948 Barnett Newman

Futurism• Concerns itself with subjects like the technology, speed, violence, and the future of the world. It concerns itself with the depiction of man’s triumph over nature.

•David Burliuk, Revolution 1917

Impressionism• It is characterized by thin brushstrokes and an emphasis on the depiction of light. It is often painted outdoors to capture sunlight and color of their subjects.

• Claude Monet, Sunrise 1872

Fauvism• Is an art movement that occurred sometime after impressionism. Fauvist Paintings focus on strong color. Artists employing this style have wild brush strokes and highly simplified subjects.

• The Drying Sails, André Derain, 1905

FAMOUSPAINTINGS OF THE WORLD

•Mona Lisa – Leonardo da Vinci. (1503 or 1504)

• The Last Supper – Leonardo da Vinci

• The Creation Of Adam – Michelangelo. (1508 – 1512)

• Starry Night – Vincent van Gogh. (1889)

• The Scream – Edvard Munch. 1893

• The Persistence Of Memory – Salvador Dali (1931)

• Girl With A Pearl Earring – Johannes Vermeer. (1665)

• The Night Watch – Rembrandt van Rijn. (1642)

• Self-Portrait Without Beard – Vincent van Gogh

• Guernica – Pablo Picasso. (1937)

THE FILIPINO PAINTERS

Fernando Amorsolo• (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) is one of the most important artists in the history of painting in the Philippines.

• Amorsolo is best known for his illuminated landscapes, which often portrayed traditional Filipino customs, culture, fiestas and occupations.

•Rice Planting

• Fruit Pickers

• Princess Urduja

•Maiden in a Stream

• The Rape of Manila

• The Bombing of the Intendencia

Vicente Manansala • (January 22, 1910 - August 22, 1981) was a Filipino cubist painter and illustrator.

•Manansala's canvases were described as masterpieces that brought the cultures of the barrio and the city together.

• Jeepneys • Madonna of the Slums

Juan Luna• (October 23, 1857 – December 7, 1899) was a Filipino painter, sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution during the late 19th century. He became one of the first recognized Philippine artists.

• The Spoliarium

Felix R. Ressurection• (February 21, 1855 - March 13, 1913).

•One of the great Filipino painters of the late 19th century, and is significant in Philippine history for having been an acquaintance and inspiration for members of the Philippine reform movement.

Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas Al Populacho

Hernando R. Ocampo

• (April 28, 1911 – December 28, 1978) was a Filipino National Artist in the visual arts.

• Hernando Ruiz Ocampo was a leading radical modernist artist in the Philippines.

•Mother and Child

Pacita Abad• (1946–2004) was born in Basco, Batanes.

• Her more than 30-year painting career began when she traveled to the United States to undertake graduate studies.

• Filipina: A Racial Identity Crisis

Cesar Legaspi

• April 2, 1917 in Tondo, Manila (1917–1994) is a Filipino National Artist awardee in painting.

•Man and Woman

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