Alignment Process of HLS-II and Some Research Items on ... · This project is called HLS-II. This...

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National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science & Technology of China

IWAA2012 FNAL 2012-9-13 Xiaoye HE

Alignment Process of HLS-II

and Some Research Items on

Alignment at NSRL

HE Xiaoye* WANG Peng XU Shaofeng

National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

University of Science and Technology of China

Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China

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Hefei Light Source (HLS) has been updated. A new

machine with full energy injection model has been

constructing in the original buildings. This project is called

HLS-II. This paper will introduce the alignment process of

HLS-II and the alignment methods used during the

process.

Besides above, some research items about

accelerator alignment theory, technology and instruments

carried out at NSRL are also introduced in this paper.

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Introduction of HLS-II Project

Alignment Process of HLS-II Alignment Assignment and Technical Requirements

First-level horizontal control network

Second-level plane control network

Actual Measurement of the networks

Schedule for Alignment

Research Items on Alignment at NSRL On Calibration of Non-contact Capacitive Hydrostatic Leveling Sensors

On Influence of the Tides on Hydrostatic Levelling System

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Introduction of HLS-II Project

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Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1 B

S1 S3 S2 S4

磁铁聚焦结构: 4×TBA → 4×DBA

束流发射度: 160(GPLS) → 36/19nm∙rad

直线节参数: 3.36m×4 → 4.04m×4+2.44m×4

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Alignment Process of HLS-II

Alignment Assignment and Technical Requirements

Magnet Quadrupole Sextupoles

∆X(mm) ±0.08 ±0.08

∆Y(mm) ±0.08 ±0.08

∆Z(mm) ±0.2 ±0.2

∆θZ(mrad) ±0.2 ±0.2

In a coordinate system according to right-hand law with the direction of beam

as the direction of Z-axis, then the technical requirement for alignment are:

Girder and Magnet girder Dipole

∆X(mm) ±0.15 ±0.15

∆Y(mm) ±0.15 ±0.15

∆Z(mm) ±0.2 ±0.2

∆θZ(mrad) ±0.2 ±0.2

Storage Ring Magnet Tolerance in girder Magnet Tolerance between girders

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First-level horizontal control network

It is used to control the global position of the whole facility and, especially,

to establish coordinative contact between the new machine and HLS.

The geodetic survey datum used in first phase project of National

Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (in 1984) has always been the absolute

reference for the survey and alignment. The precision of first-level control

network 's point position should control in ±0.5mm.

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In the first phase project of NSRL, The first-level control network is mainly

composed of eight metal pillar whose tops are fitted with mandatory equipment, of

which four stationary points in the center of the hall of storage ring (P1, P2, P3,

P4), other four spots in the tunnel of transportation line and Linac , P5, P6 and P7

in the transportation line, P7 is a common point, P8 in the end of linear accelerator.

So the relative relation of storage ring、Transportation line and Linac line in the

geographical position can be decided.

P8

P7

P6

P5

P1

P3

mandatory equipment

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The used instruments are Electronic Total Station and the optical plumbing. The

model of Electronic Total Station is Leica TDM（A）5005 industry Electronic Total

Station, which nominal standard angle measuring accuracy is ±0.5 ", and in 120 m

range, with high-precision angle prism, adistance measuring accuracy can reach

±0.5 mm.

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Second-level plane control network

• The second-level plane control network is obtained based on the first-level

plane control network by adding more control points among the points in the

First-level plane control network.

• The second-level control points mainly distribute on the ground and the wall.

the principle of distribution is that there will be enough points (preferably

more than 6 points) can be seen in one laser tracker station in order to

restore the primitive coordinate system.

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In the Linac tunnel there are 43 points on the upper layer on the wall,

and 46 points on the lower layer, and 66 points on the ground.

In the Translation tunnel there are 34 points on the upper layer on

the wall, and 33 points on the lower layer, and 45 points on the ground;

Around the hall there are 138 points on the ground and 48 points on

the support pillars;

In the storage ring tunnel there are 50 points on the ground recently.

And in the center parts of the hall there are 11points on the ground and

16 points on the central pillar.

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Actual Measurement of the networks

• Instrumentation and Man Power

Instrumentation and software

Wild N3, 0.2mm/km, two;

Invar ruler, three meters, two; }for elevation measurement

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TDA5005: 0.5” angle accuracy 0.2mm (1sigma) distance accuracy (120m):

for measuring the first level network

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Laser Tracker:

Leica LTD840

Faro

} for measuring the Second-level plane control network

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Wild Optical Plumbing: for connecting the networks of storage

ring and the tunnel by P5, P6.

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Software: Spatial Analyzer, (SA, New River Kinematics production)

Qinghua Shanwei adjustment software ,“NASEW95” .

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Man Power

Technicians 4

Scientist 1

Graduate students 5

Engineers (from Beijing & Lanzhou) 1 ~ 3

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Spatial Analyzer (SA) is used to process observation data.

The raw files from 4 different instruments and crews:

One from the group using LTD840

One from the group using Faro LT

Two from the groups using N3’s

USMN routine is used to get the optimal coordinates of all the monuments and instruments.

USMN result (under improving…)

After the USMN routine is executed, the statistics is as follows:

Point Error

Overall RMS, 0.19

Average, 0.08

Max 1.80 'P8'

Horizontal Angle, 2.316847 arcseconds

Vertical Angle, 1.104889 arcseconds

• Measurement caculation result

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Schedule for Alignment

Before the end of Augest,2012: complete the establishment and

measurement of the first and second level networks;

September, 2012 ----October, 2012: installation of Linac, including pre-

alignment, installation in site;

November, 2012----March,2013: installation of storage ring, including

prealignment and installation in site;

April,2013----Augest, 2913: installation of beam-lines and experimental

stations.

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Research Items on Alignment at NSRL On Calibration of Non-contact Capacitive Hydrostatic Leveling Sensors

1. Research purposes

2. The principle of capacitive measurement

3. Simulation by Ansoft Maxwell (3D)

4. Calibration experiments by capacitive sensors

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①non-contact capacitive leveling sensors have high precision and resolution, they are wildly used in many laboratories of particle accelerator.

②capacitive sensors have been calibrated to a metal plate but to water, as the figure1, now we discuss whether this difference would exceed the accuracy demanded.

1. Research purposes

Figure1：Calibration Test Bench Figure2：sensor in working

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2. The principle of capacitive measurement

Ideally, as the water is insulated absolutely:

1 1 1

Air WaterC C C= +

Or the water is conductive:

Air

Air

Air

SC C

D

e ´= =

Actually, the water is semiconductor, without the consideration of fringe effect, any formula of the above is not feasible.

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Liquid Dielectric

constant

conductivity

（）

Distilled water

De-ionized water

De-ionized water with chloride

Drinking water

Drinking water with chloride

48

48

150

143

148

6507

439

52

230

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Table 1 Dielectric constant and conductivity of several common water

Table 1 Dielectric constant and conductivity of several

common water

Ω×m

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Figure3：conductivity of materials

common water is about here

Therefore, we can regard the capacitance measured at the sensing electrode to target electrode as:

(level, conductivity or dielectric constant)C f=

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3. Simulation by Ansoft Maxwell (3D)

Figure4：simulation models of capacitive sensors

a-working model b-calibration model

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0 2 4 6 8 10

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

work

calibration

Allometric1 fit of calibration

Allometric1 fit of work

va

lue

of th

e c

ap

acita

nce

[p

F]

distance of sensing electrode to the target electrode [mm]

Equation y = a*x^b

Adj. R-Square 1

Value Standard Error

calibration a 2.79562 2.5363E-4

calibration b -1.00028 1.24416E-4

Equation y = a*x^b

Adj. R-Square 0.99945


work a 2.30945 0.01403

work b -0.90398 0.00748

0 2 4 6 8 100.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

se

nso

r re

ad

ing

diffe

ren

ce

[p

F]


0 2 4 6 8 10

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

se

nso

r re

ad

ing

diffe

ren

ce

[m

m]

Figure5: Relationship between

capacitance and distance of sensing

electrode to target electrode

Figure6: Sensor reading

difference of capacitance and

displacement

Simulation results:

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0 2 4 6 8 10

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

va

lue

of th

e c

ap

acita

nce

[p

F]


steel 1010（ 1,200000S/m） material 1 (100,200000S/m)

material 2 (1,0.0002S/m)

Conclusion of simulation:

1. This difference will exceed the accuracy demanded;

2. At the same distance of sensing electrode to target electrode, the capacitance of calibration model is bigger than working model;

3. Of the factors of conductivity and dielectric constant, the main one is the conductivity.


capacitance and distance of sensing

electrode to target electrode in three

materials

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4. Calibration experiments by capacitive sensors

Figure8: experimental schematic

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Figure9: prototype of capacitive

leveling sensors

Figure10: calibration system

Figure11: NI data acquisition

instrument and program

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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

voltage

fit of metal

vo

lta

ge

[V

]

displacement of metal [mm]

Equation y = a + b*x



voltage Intercept 3.50131 0.00298

voltage Slope 1.22354 0.00169

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

voltage

fit of water distilled

vo

lta

ge

[V

]

displacement of water distilled [mm]

Equation y = a + b*x



voltage Intercept 5.13229 0.00221

voltage Slope 1.01873 0.00247

Experiment results:


voltage and distance of sensing

electrode to a metal


voltage and distance of sensing

electrode to water

By the observation of the different slope, we obtain the before difference will exceed the accuracy demanded.

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So:

1) The calibration result is much different by using a metal plate replacing water as the target electrode.

2) The parameters of water in the HLS will change over time, therefore, the regular calibrations are necessary.

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On Influence of the Tides on Hydrostatic Levelling System**

Essential details of HLS

Tidal effects which perturb the hydrostatic levelling

systems (HLS)

Future Plan

**: Thanks to the authors for the references following:

1. Freddy Becker, Williame Coosemans, Mark Jones, CONSEQUENCES OF

PERTURBATIONS OF THE GRAVITY FIELD ON HLS MEASUREMENTS,IWAA2002;

2. Andreas Herty, Hélène Mainaud-Durand, Antonio Marin, TEST AND CALIBRATION

FACILITY FOR HLS AND WPS SENSORS. IWAA2004.

…

And thanks to the colleagues at CERN for the cooperation jobs did there.

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Essential details of HLS

The hydrostatic alignments by HLS’s are referred lying on an equipotential

surface in the earth's gravity field. As a first approximation it is assured that

this forms a spherical surface whose radius is that of the earth.

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Advantages of hydrostatic alignments

• they can provide height measurements to micron precision , they are unaffected

by radiation

• Height differences to be determined very accurately

Disadvantages of hydrostatic alignments

• The major disadvantage of using hydrostatic alignments for vertical

referencing is that water levels follow equipotential surfaces of the earth's

gravitational field. It is difficult to determine the geometry of such surfaces.

• If the environment the HLS placed is not very stable, for example, the

temperature change some degrees everyday, it will lead to errors, which affect

the readings of the sensor, thus being record by the sensor, so the real vertical

deformation would be puzzled. Except of temperature, the influence factors

also include the effect of nearby masses, tidal effect, noise and other

occasional factors.

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Tidal effects which perturb the hydrostatic levelling

systems (HLS)

• The HLS are affected by both oceanic and earth tides because the water in the

pipes and the ground to which the system is fixed are being continuously

deformed under the influence of the moon and the sun and are thus modifying

the values recorded by the sensors. So tidal effects on the HLS must thus be

corrected and not interpreted as alignment errors.

• The theoretical values of the tides which result from the attraction of the moon

and the sun, need to be examined and compared with the readings which have

been taken from the HLS networks.

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Data shows the tidal effect A. Data from Jingxian, Anhui province, China, seismographic station

Instrument: clinometers (As an HLS with two sensors)

Orientation: south-north west-east

The ambient temperature in the cavern is stable, and the noise

around the place is low. The data is good

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We have installed several HLS sensors in this cavern this year, mainly for

the tidal effect research.

>230km

Hefei

Jingxian

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B. Data from our own lab

Structure of the sensor of NSRL

Details of the equipment

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C. FFT transformation

• We have data lasts for about 1 year, through FFT transformation of the data

(after filtering and noise reduction), we have proved the tidal effect on HLS.

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If the temperature is

not stable, noise and

other factor existed

around the place, we

can barely see the

tidal effects on the

HLS after FFT

transformation.

This graph shows

the result of the

stability test of

one sensor at

CERN, we can see

the effect of the

temperature is

obvious .

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So:

• So if we cannot keep the temperature very stable, it is necessary to

simulate the effect on the reading of the sensor.

• If the research above finished well, therefore we can finally get

reasonable data which shows the real relative deformation between

places with HLS.

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• Now upgrading the Hefei Light Source is under way, and we plan

to establish a set of HLS to monitor the deformation of the ground .

• Then, we can do the alignment work conveniently with the HLS

network.

• We will do the research on HLS in depth. for example: we will

exploit the capacitance sensor used in HLS, we also want to do

some research on WPS……..

• ………….

Future plan

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Thank you!

Alignment Process of HLS-II and Some Research Items on ... · This project is called HLS-II. This...

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