Aligning post-plant nematicide applications with nematode ...
1
Using Biology to Time Post-Plant Management of Northern Root-knot Nematode Bernadette Gagnier 1 , Michelle Moyer 1 , and Inga Zasada 2 1 Washington State University - Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Prosser, WA USA 2 United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR USA Results and Conclusions In Fall 2019 (Fig. 2), there were treatment differences (p=0.03), where spring Salibro application had fewer RKN J2 than the fall Nemacur application, However, treatments were not different from the untreated control. Spring applications initially looked better than fall applications, but this was likely due to the timing between application and final fall nematode sampling – they had more time to work. We are continuing evaluations in 2020 to get a clearer picture of timing efficacy, as a minimum of 6 months is likely needed to see full efficacy. Introduction The northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla (RKN) is a pest in wine grapes resulting in vine decline, particularly in replant situations. Currently, post- plant nematicide products are applied at timings that were established in California trials. By using a Washington- developed (East et. al, 2019) dynamic degree-day model of second-stage juvenile (J2) RKN (East et al, 2019) (Fig. 1), we may be able to improve the efficacy of new post-plant nematicides. Methods Three different post-plant nematicides were evaluated via the cup method (Table 1) in a 4-year old commercial Chardonnay vineyard in the Horse Heaven Hills AVA. Salibro (fluazaindolizine) and Nemacur (fosthiazate) target RKN J2 and were applied in the spring or fall. Nimitz (fluensulfone) targets RKN eggs, and was applied in the summer. Acknowledgements Literature Cited / Additional References To sign up for the V&E newsletter visit: East K.E, et al. 2019. Developmental Dynamics of Meloidogyne hapla in Washington Wine Grapes. Plant Disease 103:966-971. Funding for this project has been provided by the Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registration, and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1016563 . The authors would like to thank Kari Smasne, Dr. Julie Tarara and Melinda Garza of Ste. Michelle Wine Estates for their vineyard support. The authors would like to thank Dr. Charlotte Oliver, Dr. Katherine East, Margaret McCoy, Alexa McDaniel and Maria Mireles for their technical assistance. Aligning post-plant nematicide applications with nematode biology should increase product efficacy and reduce unnecessary chemical use. Table 1. Nematicide products and timing. Salibro is not currently registered on grape, but will be. Nemacur is not a grape product, but is used for demonstration purposes. Product Date of Application Predicted J2* Salibro Spring 24-April-2019 49.5% Nemacur Spring 24-April-2019 49.5% Nimitz Summer 23-July-2019 20.3%** Salibro Fall 1-October-2019 59.1% Nemacur Fall 1-October-2019 59.1% * As predicted using models in East et. al, 2019. ** Nematode J2 are expected to be low. Fig. 1 - Soil degree day model of Meloidogyne hapla second-stage juveniles (J2). This model can be used to predict when J2 are present in the soil. Graph from East et. al, 2019. Fig. 2 - Total Meloidogyne. hapla J2 per treatment at different sampling timepoints in 2019. Bars indicate standard error. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Control Salibro spring Salibro fall Nimitiz summer Fosthiazate spring Fosthiazate fall J2 per 250 g soil Product Application Timing - 2019 Northern Root-knot Nematode Intial Summer Fall
Transcript of Aligning post-plant nematicide applications with nematode ...
Using Biology to Time Post-Plant Management of Northern Root-knot NematodeBernadette Gagnier1, Michelle Moyer1, and Inga Zasada2
1Washington State University - Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Prosser, WA USA2United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR USA
Results and ConclusionsIn Fall 2019 (Fig. 2), there were treatmentdifferences (p=0.03), where spring Salibroapplication had fewer RKN J2 than the fallNemacur application, However, treatmentswere not different from the untreatedcontrol.
Spring applications initially looked betterthan fall applications, but this was likelydue to the timing between application andfinal fall nematode sampling – they hadmore time to work. We are continuingevaluations in 2020 to get a clearer pictureof timing efficacy, as a minimum of 6months is likely needed to see full efficacy.
IntroductionThe northern root-knotnematode, Meloidogyne hapla(RKN) is a pest in winegrapes resulting in vinedecline, particularly in replantsituations. Currently, post-plant nematicide products areapplied at timings that wereestablished in California trials.By using a Washington-developed (East et. al, 2019)dynamic degree-day model ofsecond-stage juvenile (J2)RKN (East et al, 2019) (Fig.1), we may be able to improvethe efficacy of new post-plantnematicides.
MethodsThree different post-plant nematicides were evaluatedvia the cup method (Table 1) in a 4-year old commercialChardonnay vineyard in the Horse Heaven Hills AVA.Salibro (fluazaindolizine) and Nemacur (fosthiazate)target RKN J2 and were applied in the spring or fall.Nimitz (fluensulfone) targets RKN eggs, and wasapplied in the summer.
AcknowledgementsLiterature Cited / Additional ReferencesTo sign up for the V&E
newsletter visit:
East K.E, et al. 2019. Developmental Dynamics of Meloidogyne hapla in Washington Wine Grapes. Plant Disease 103:966-971.
Funding for this project has been provided by the Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registration,and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1016563 . The authors would like tothank Kari Smasne, Dr. Julie Tarara and Melinda Garza of Ste. Michelle Wine Estates for their vineyardsupport. The authors would like to thank Dr. Charlotte Oliver, Dr. Katherine East, Margaret McCoy, AlexaMcDaniel and Maria Mireles for their technical assistance.
Aligning post-plant nematicide applications with nematode biology should increase product efficacy and reduce unnecessary chemical use.
Table 1. Nematicide products and timing. Salibro is not currently registered on grape, but will be. Nemacur is not a grape product, but is used for demonstration purposes.
Product Date of Application Predicted J2*Salibro Spring 24-April-2019 49.5%
Nemacur Spring 24-April-2019 49.5%
Nimitz Summer 23-July-2019 20.3%**
Salibro Fall 1-October-2019 59.1%
Nemacur Fall 1-October-2019 59.1%* As predicted using models in East et. al, 2019. ** Nematode J2 are expected to be low.
Fig. 1 - Soil degree day model of Meloidogyne hapla second-stage juveniles (J2). This model can be used to predict when J2 are present in the soil. Graph from East et. al, 2019.
Fig. 2 - Total Meloidogyne. hapla J2 per treatment at different sampling timepoints in 2019. Bars indicate standard error. Each treatment was replicated 4 times.
050
100150200250300350400
Control Salibro spring Salibro fall Nimitizsummer
Fosthiazatespring
Fosthiazatefall
J2 p
er 2
50 g
soi
l
Product Application Timing - 2019
Northern Root-knot NematodeIntial Summer Fall
