Ali Gholami Center for Advanced Transportation Education and Research (CATER)
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2014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Using Detector Information to Determine Turning Movement Proportions at Signalized
Intersections with Shared Lanes
Ali GholamiCenter for Advanced Transportation Education and Research (CATER)
Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Nevada, Reno
1
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Outline
Volume application
Problem statement
Proposed methods
Case study intersections
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Intersection operational analyses Traffic safety studies Travel demand modeling Identifying critical flow time periods …
Turning Movement Volume Applications
3
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Loop Detector4
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Loop Detector5
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
What is the current practice?6
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Loop Detector Data , Aggregated7
9 10 11 12 5 6 7 8
46
29 33 45 41 0 0 0 0
26 36 39 37 0 0 0 0
33 32 57 53 0 0 0 0
46 67 89 87 0 0 0 0. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
6/12/2013 6:15:00AM
6/12/2013 6:30:00AM
6/12/2013 6:45:00AM
Volume Report
Detectors
Date/ Time
KIETZKE & MOANA
6/12/2013 6:00:00AM
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Loop Detector Data, High Resolution8
Sample data collected from the data communication adaptor Data Communication Adaptor
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
•Expensive•Time assuming•Not continuous
•Manual
•Not possible in shared lanes
•Automatic using loops
Collecting intersection Volume in Nevada
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
• Only high resolution data
• Both stop bar and departure detectors are necessary
• Departure detector
• Aggregated or high resolution data• Network
Equilibrium (NE)
• 1 min aggregated data or high resolution data
• Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes
(VQ)
• Only high resolution data•Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
• Aggregated or high resolution data •Observed proportions in the field (OP)
Determine Turning Movement Proportions at Signalized Intersections with Shared Lanes
10
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Network Equilibrium (NE)11
𝑊𝑇 𝑖𝑡=−𝑁𝐿𝑖
𝑡−𝑆𝑅𝑖𝑡+𝑊𝑅 𝑗
𝑡+∆ 𝑡+𝑊𝑇 𝑗𝑡+∆𝑡+𝑊𝐿 𝑗
𝑡+∆𝑡−𝛿𝑖𝑗𝑡
Intersection iIntersection j
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
• Only high resolution data
• Both stop bar and departure detectors are necessary
• Departure detector
• Aggregated or high resolution data• Network
Equilibrium (NE)
• 1 min aggregated data or high resolution data
• Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes
(VQ)
• Only high resolution data•Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
• Aggregated or high resolution data •Observed proportions in the field (OP)
Determine Turning Movement Proportions at Signalized Intersections with Shared Lanes
12
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes (VQ)
13
𝑟 𝑠 ,𝑎𝑡 =
𝑣𝑠𝑡
𝑣𝑎𝑡
𝑟 𝑟 ,𝑡𝑡 (𝑜𝑟 𝑟 𝑙 , 𝑡𝑡 )=¿¿
¿
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
• Only high resolution data
• Both stop bar and departure detectors are necessary
• Departure detector
• Aggregated or high resolution data• Network
Equilibrium (NE)
• 1 min aggregated data or high resolution data
• Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes
(VQ)
• Only high resolution data•Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
• Aggregated or high resolution data •Observed proportions in the field (OP)
Determine Turning Movement Proportions at Signalized Intersections with Shared Lanes
14
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
15
¿
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
• Only high resolution data
• Both stop bar and departure detectors are necessary
• Departure detector
• Aggregated or high resolution data• Network
Equilibrium (NE)
• 1 min aggregated data or high resolution data
• Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes
(VQ)
• Only high resolution data•Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
• Aggregated or high resolution data •Observed proportions in the field (OP)
Determine Turning Movement Proportions at Signalized Intersections with Shared Lanes
16
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
• Not applicable in Nevada• Departure
detector
• Significant trip generator between intersections
• Network Equilibrium (NE)
• Downstream intersection• Volume and Queue Length of Shared Lanes
(VQ)• Not applicable if left turn is not protected
• Pedestrian
• Turning radius
•Flow Characteristics of Shared Lanes (FC)
• High variances in different hours, days, weeks, or seasons
•Observed proportions in the field (OP)
Considerations
17
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Making the Models20
•User must specify the structure of the model
•Regression
•GP automatically evolves both the structure and the parameters
• Genetic Programmi
ng
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
What does GP do?21
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
What does GP do?22
x y z3 5 5.8309528 14 16.12452
18 2 18.1107732 11 33.8378512 10 15.620521 6 21.840337 4 8.062258
16 24 28.844412 9 9.219545...
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
GP is based on evolution process, (cross over, mutation, and elitism)
We can use ready applications
How GP Works?23
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
GPTIPS24
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
R25
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
MAPE: Mean Absolute Percentage Error
Di: the detector data valueBi: the reference (base) data valuen: the total number of intervals
Accuracy26
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Case Study Intersections27
9th St. and Sierra St.
N McCarran Blvd and Clear Acre Ln
8th Street and Center Street
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
1 6 25 0.24 3 0.50
2 7 18 0.39 5 0.71
3 6 13 0.46 4 0.67
4 18 21 0.86 18 1.00
5 7 16 0.44 5 0.71
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Sample of data collected for VQ method
28
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
1 0 0 1 c c T
1 2.24 2.24 2 c c R
1 2.31 4.55 3 t c T
1 3.01 5.32 4 c t T
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Sample of data collected for FC method
29
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
MODELLING METHOD
N MCCARRAN BLVD/CLEAR ACRE LN 9TH ST/ SIERRA ST 8TH ST/ CENTER ST
NE
Regression Not applicable Not applicable Not applicableGP Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
Analytical Calculation
Not applicable due to un-controlled south bound
right turn
Not applicable due to downstream un-
signalized intersection
VQ
RegressionNot applicable because the adjoining lane is also
shared lane
Not applicable due to no existing same-direction adjoining lane
GPNot applicable due to no existing same-direction
adjoining lane
Not applicable due to no existing same-direction adjoining lane
Analytical Calculation
Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
FC
Regression * * *
GP * * *
Analytical Calculation Not applicable Not applicable Not applicable
Models30
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
MODELLING METHOD
INTERSECTION
TURNING RADIUS (FT)
TIME INTERVAL
MAPE (%)
Regression GPAnalytical
Calculation
FLOW CHARACTERISTI
CS (FC)
8th St and Center St
16Vehicle by
Vehicle20 14 -
Hourly Average 8 7 -
9th St and Sierra St
35Vehicle by
Vehicle21 20 -
Hourly Average 3 5 -
McCarran Blvd and Clear Acre
Ln100
Vehicle by Vehicle
28 25 -
Hourly Average 27 15 -
VOLUME AND QUEUE (VQ)
8th St and Center St
Vehicle by Vehicle
17 15 -
Hourly Average 4 1 -
NETWORK EQUILIBRIUM
(NE)
9th St and Sierra St
Vehicle by Vehicle
- - -
Hourly Average - - 1
Results31
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Results32
Vehicle by Vehicle
Hourly Average
Vehicle by Vehicle
Hourly Average
Vehicle by Vehicle
Hourly Average
Vehicle by Vehicle
Hourly Average
Vehicle by Vehicle
Hourly Average
8th St and Center St 9th St and Sierra St McCarran Blvd and Clear Acre Ln
8th St and Center St 9th St and Sierra St
Flow Characteristics (FC) Volume and Queue (VQ) Network Equilibrium (NE)
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) percentRegression MAPE
GP MAPE
Analytical MAPE
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
33
Errors using inadequate data are much less than those using no data at
all.
Charles Babbage in 1860
Considered “father of the computer”
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Center for Advanced Transportation Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
Project Panel MeetingMarch 27, 10122014 ITE Intermountain Section Annual MeetingCenter for Advanced Transportation
Education and ResearchUniversity of Nevada, Reno
34
Thank you
Any comments or questions?
If we have data, let’s look at data. If all we have are opinions, let’s go with mine! Jim Barksdale, former Netscape CEO