• Alexander Bell created one of the greatest achievements of all time….. THE TELEPHONE!

• Alexander was born March 3rd, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland.

• Died August 2, 1992, because of complications with diabetes.

• Alexander went to the University of Edinburgh and the University College London.• Alexander, in his life, worked as an inventor,

scientist, engineer, a professor in Boston University, and a teacher for the deaf.• He married Mable Hubbard in 1887, and they had

four children. 2 sons that died as infants, and 2 daughters.

• Alexander’s parent were Alexander Melville Bell and Eliza Grace Symonds Bell.• To go into the specific types of engineers Graham

was, he was a manufacturing and electrical engineer. An electrical engineer deals with all types of systems and things that use electricity, to build the phone, Graham had to be able to work with electricity. A manufacturing engineer is some one who manages machinery. After Graham made his company it eventually grew into At&t.

– The problem is that Morse Code uses a dot and

dash system, so whenever you wanted to say

something to someone, for each letter you used

you would have a series of dots and dashes for

one letter. To type out one sentence took time,

and for paragraphs and other different things, it

was very difficult and annoying to try and tell

someone something.

– Alexander Graham bell wanted a better solution,

something that would allow two people to talk to

each other at the same time.

– Alexander had always been interested in art,

music, poetry, and nature, because of his mother.

Alexander's mom had been gradually getting deaf

since she was 12, so he came up with and

invention that would allow him to speak in clear

tones so his mother could hear him better.

– Alexander was always very curious and liked

solving problems, and making other peoples lives

better. That’s exactly what he did when creating

the telephone, he thought of the problem with

Morse Code, and wanted to fix it.

– The problem was in other steps of the designing

process, like when thinking of the problem, he is

also thinking of the solution at the same time, so

that would be brainstorming.

• In 1887, Alexander Graham Bell wrote, “The telephone may be

briefly described as an electrical contrivance for reproducing in

distant places the tones and articulations of a speaker’s voice,

it is conceivable that cables of telephone wires could be laid

underground, or suspended overhead, communicating by

branch wires with private dwellings, country houses, shops,

manufactories, etc.”

o Alexander himself called his idea a little utopian, or different,

but ended up still going and perusing his idea to make a

wonderful invention.

And to sum-up the sentence above by Alexander, all he is

saying is that the telephone might be able to share one’s voice

to other people while talking to each other at the same time.

And to make that happen, there would either be cables

underground, or be on telephone poles above the ground. (To

tell that he IS brainstorming, and hasn't invented the

telephone already, if you look at the first couple of letters it

says the telephone MAY be briefly described, not, the

telephone is described as.)

– When brainstorming, Alexander had to think of the problem,

Morse Code, and how to make it better.

A time that gave him ideas to start inventing things with sound

and voice was when his father took him and his brothers to see

a type of automaton, or a self operating machine. The

automaton was able to speak a few words in a human voice.

Alexander was amazed with the automaton, and when he got

home him and one of his older brothers, Melville, started

building an automaton head. There father was also very

interested, and offered to pay for any parts they wanted. In

the end of their building, they had a automaton that was able

to recognizable say the word, “Mama”, by them positioning

the lips, then a burst of air coming threw the, "throat”.

That just kind of tells a little about one of the reasons why

Alexander would come up with an invention so different in his

time.

– The problem step was a big part in this because, Alexander

found the problem and wanted to solve it with a solution he

had to think of. Brainstorming will also end up going into the

design step because, you should have some sort of idea or plan

for things to actually go in a neat and organized way.

– In 1874 Graham had hit a big achievement in his

study. He had been studying a phonautograph.

Which is a pen like machine that can trace things

on a smoked glass by vibrations. So Graham got

the idea that he might be able to generate

electrical currents that correspond to sound

waves. He also thought that multiple metal reeds

tuned to different sound frequencies like a harp,

would be able to convert the currents into sound.

On 1874 Graham met Thomas A. Watson, who

was an experienced electrical designer and the

mechanic at an electrical machine shop that

belonged to Charles Williams. After getting help

from Sanders and Hubbard, he had enough

money to hire Thomas. Then they both began

working on the acoustic telegraph. On June 2nd, 1875, Watson plucked one of the

reeds and Bell, at the hearing one of the wire,

heard the over tones of the reed. The overtones

were necessary for transmitting speech. So that

told Graham that he only needed on read, not

multiple. Which led to the sound powered

telephone, which was able to transmit indistinct,

voice like sounds. This goes with the brainstorm because, when he

started thinking of trying to make hearing better,

he thought of the phone.

This process really goes into the design because, when building, it came as an accident.

I think that they were really lucky, because while they were testing, and just kind of messing around with there creation, they actually ended up figuring out one of there biggest problems.

After finding out how to actually make sound, they of course kept redesigning until it was ready to get a patent and share the solution!

• On February 14, 1876, Graham’s attorney filed for a patent. On the exact same day, Elisha Gray filed for a patent for his telephone. The U.S. patent office ended up giving it to Graham on March 7th. • He did demonstrations of

the first sentence( also an accident-.-) ,“Watson, come here; I want you.”

at the American Academy of arts and Sciences convention in Boston. Then gained more publicity at the Philadelphia Cebtennial Exposition.

– Graham created the Bell

company, and in 1884, the

company built the first long

distance line from Boston,

to New York. By 1889 there

were 11,000 miles of

underground wires in New

York City.

The Volta Laboratory was

started by Graham in D.C.,

with France awarding the

Volta about $10,000 for his

invention.

Emperor Dom Pedro of

Brazil in 1891 ordered one

hundred telephones for his

country. The telephone,

which had been given only

eighteen words in the

official catalog.

The Share Solutions was

definitely one that

intertwined with this

because, to be able to sell it,

you have to share it.

• DIIGO LIST!