Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld · Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld & Arts&One&...

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Alejo Carpen,er, The Kingdom of This World Arts One Jon BeasleyMurray November, 2013

Transcript of Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld · Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld & Arts&One&...

Page 1: Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld · Alejo&Carpen,er, TheKingdomofThisWorld & Arts&One& Jon&Beasley=Murray& November,2013

Alejo  Carpen,er,  The  Kingdom  of  This  World  

Arts  One  Jon  Beasley-­‐Murray  November,  2013  

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Sans  Souci  

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A  Tour  of  the  Ruins  

•  Literature  •  Carpen,er  •  Narra,ve  •  MaIer  •  Form  •  Spectacle  •  Performance  •  Revolu,on  •  Ruins  

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LITERATURE  

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Plaque  at  the  Citadelle  La  Ferrière  

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What  is  a  Canon?  

•  “Great  Texts”  •  Who  decides?  •  Borges,  “KaSa  and  His  Precursors”  

•  The  present  can  influence  the  past  

•  Past  texts  become  KaSaesque  

•  Rereading  and  reorganiza,on  

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What  is  a  Canon?  

Three  literary  canons  are  built  on  the  ruins  of  Sans  Souci  and  the  Citadelle  La  Ferrière:  the  La,n  American  Boom;  Francophone  Caribbean  literature;  Anglophone  postcolonial  literature.    The  hemisphere’s  literature  replays  a  legacy  of  violence  and  domina,on,  reimagining  the  material  traces  of  a  history  of  revolu,ons.  

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The  La,n  American  Boom  

•  1960s  and  1970s  •  Gabriel  García  Márquez  •  Mario  Vargas  Llosa  •  Julio  Cortázar  •  Carlos  Fuentes  •  Lezama  Lima,  Donoso...  

•  Magic(al)  Realism  

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The  La,n  American  Boom  

•  The  crea,on  of  a  world  market  •  The  migra,on  of  High  Modernism  •  The  forma,on  of  a  new  style  •  The  compensa,on  for  underdevelopment  

•  A  reflec,on  on  the  role  of  literature  

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The  La,n  American  Boom  

•  Many  possible  points  of  origin:  •  Publishers,  editors,  translators,  advocates  •  Civiliza,on  and  Barbarism;  Na,onal  Romance  •  Precursors:  Asturias,  Borges,  Carpen,er  •  Literary  eclec,cism:  Cervantes,  Faulkner  

•  The  Prologue  to  The  Kingdom  of  this  World  

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CARPENTIER  

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Inside  the  Citadelle  

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“Aher  having  felt  the  undeniable  enchantment  of  this  Hai,an  earth,  aher  having  discerned  magical  warnings  on  the  red  roads  of  the  Central  Plateau,  aher  having  heard  the  drums  of  Petro  and  Rada,  I  was  moved  to  compare  the  marvelous  reality  I'd  just  experienced  with  the  ,resome  aIempts  to  arouse  the  marvelous  that  has  characterized  certain  European  literatures  for  last  thirty  years.”  (Prologue)  

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Carpen,er  

•  1904-­‐1980  •  Cuban  •  Writer  and  ethnomusicologist  

•  France,  1928-­‐1939  •  Visits  Hai,  in  1943  •  Venezuela,  1945-­‐1959  •  The  Lost  Steps  (1953)  

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NARRATIVE  

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The  Citadelle  

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“His  narra,ve  arts,  when,  with  terrible  gestures,  he  played  the  part  of  the  different  personages,  held  the  men  spellbound.”  (13)    “Drawing  therefrom  a  number  of  philosophical  considera,ons  on  the  inequality  of  the  human  races  which  he  planned  to  develop  in  a  speech  larded  with  La,n  quota,ons.”  (46-­‐7)  

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Narra,ve  

•  Folktales  •  Religion  •  Novels  •  Newspapers  •  Rumor  •  Song  •  Theatre  

•  This  Novel  

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Narra,ve  

•  History  as  a  series  of  flows  •  Not  the  least  of  which  are  informa,on  flows  •  Words  have  power,  and  are  troubling  •  More  or  less  linear,  but  episodic  •  1760s-­‐1820s  •  Ti  Noël  as  slave  everyman,  Forrest  Gump  

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MATTER    

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Cannonballs  at  the  Citadelle  

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“Ti  Noël  clasped  that  white,  chill  skull  under  his  arm,  thinking  how  much  it  probably  resembled  the  bald  head  of  his  master  hidden  beneath  his  wig.”  (9)    “Henri  Christophe  would  never  know  the  corrup,on  of  his  flesh,  flesh  fused  with  the  very  stuff  of  the  fortress,  inscribed  in  its  architecture,  integrated  with  its  body.”  (150)  

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MaIer  

•  Heads,  skulls  •  Arms,  mills  •  Women,  statues  •  Poison,  fire  •  Bricks,  buildings  •  Bodies,  books  

•  Incarna,on  and  Reincarna,on  

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MaIer  

•  History  as  “what  hurts”  •  An  ongoing  violence  •  Stress  on  affect,  rather  than  ideology  •  MaIer  is  resistant,  but  not  impervious  •  The  material  is  also  a  means  of  expression  •  This  World  vs  the  Heavens  •  What  forces  move  and  shape  us?  

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FORM  

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Sans  Souci  

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“The  alert  ears  never  despaired  of  hearing,  at  any  moment,  the  vision  of  the  great  conch  shell  which  would  bellow  through  the  hills  to  announce  to  all  that  Macandal  had  completed  the  cycle  of  his  metamorphoses.”  (37)    “The  substance  was  different,  but  the  forms  were  the  same.”  (159)  

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Form  

•  Metamorphosis  •  Transforma,on  •  Style  •  Fashion  •  Dress  

•  Remaking  and  Remodelling  

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Form  

•  Free  Indirect  Discourse  •  Narrator  and  character(s)  conflated,  iden,fied  •  MaIer  is  subject  to  point  of  view  •  Magic  realism:  magic  treated  “as  though”  real  •  What  does  the  novel  offer  to  history?  

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SPECTACLE  

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Vista  from  the  Citadelle  

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“A  gala  func,on  for  Negroes  on  whose  splendor  no  expense  had  been  spared.  For  this  ,me  the  lesson  was  to  be  driven  home  with  fire,  not  blood,  and  certain  illumina,ons,  lighted  to  be  remembered,  were  very  costly.”  (44)    “The  Negroes  of  the  Plaine  would  raise  their  eyes  to  the  fortress  [...]  thinking  that  there  [...]  a  king  of  their  own  race  was  wai,ng.”  (118)  

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Spectacle  

•  Enlightenment  •  Educa,on  •  Visibility  •  Color  •  Aesthe,cs  

•  A  New  Regime  of  the  Sensible  

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Spectacle  

•  A  play  of  visibility  and  invisibility  •  Appearance  and  Appari,ons  •  Who  can  see  what,  when?  •  Is  power  established  through  the  gaze?  •  Or  despite  it?  •  Master/Slave  dialec,c  

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PERFORMANCE  

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Football  at  Sans  Souci  

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“The  Cap  theater,  where  actresses  from  Paris  sang  Jean-­‐Jacques  Rousseau’s  arias  or  lohily  declaimed  tragic  alexandrines.”  (52)    “It  was  as  though  all  the  purple  conchs  that  served  as  doorstops,  all  the  shells  that  lay  alone  and  petrified  on  the  summits  of  the  hills,  had  begun  to  sing  in  chorus.”  (67)  

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Performance  

•  Bodies  subject  to  gaze  •  A  world  of  appearances  •  Or  the  body  on  the  line  •  Rituals  and  conjura,ons  •  Who  par,cipates?  

•  At  nexus  of  narra,ve,  maIer,  and  spectacle  

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Performance  

•  Who  are  the  actors  in  this  novel?  •  Does  this  change?  •  How  does  performance  shape  iden,ty?  •  Be  all  you  can  be?  •  The  surveyors:  quan,fica,on  and  measure  

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REVOLUTION  

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The  Citadelle  

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“The  Negro  began  to  think  that  the  chamber  music  orchestras  of  Sans  Souci  […]  were  all  the  product  of  a  slavery  as  abominable  as  that  he  had  known  on  the  planta,on  of  M.  Lenormand  de  Mézy.”  (116)    “The  old  man  hurled  his  declara,on  of  war  against  the  new  masters,  ordering  his  subjects  to  march  in  baIle  array.”  (179)  

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Revolu,on  

•  Making  new  •  Star,ng  again  •  Liberty  •  Equality  •  Fraternity  

•  Kingdom  of  God  or  Kingdom  of  Man?  

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Revolu,on  

•  When  and  why  to  resort  to  violence?  •  What  changes  and  what  does  not?  •  Is  Revolu,on  worth  it?  •  Or  is  it,  by  contrast,  inevitable?  •  Sisyphus  as  revolu,onary?  

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RUINS    

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On  the  road  to  Milot  

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“Ti  Noël  sat  down  on  one  of  the  cornerstones  of  the  old  mansion,  now  a  stone  like  any  other  stone  for  those  who  did  not  remember.”  (106)    “The  ruins  threw  a  pleasant  shade  over  the  abundant  grass,  and  if  one  dug  in  the  dirt  a  liIle  it  was  not  unusual  to  find  a  marble  ear,  a  stone  ornament,  or  an  oxidized  coin.”  (156)  

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Ruins  

•  Absence  •  Presence  •  Trace  •  Interpreta,on  •  Reconstruc,on  •  Sign  

•  Hinge  between  Past  and  Present?  

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Ruins  

•  Modernity  and  moderniza,on  built  on  ruins  •  Crea,ve  destruc,on  •  Ruins  are  cajoled  into  underwri,ng  power  •  But  they  are  also  a  reminder  of  temporality  •  Ozymandias:  warning  or  boast?  •  The  permanence  of  impermanence  

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More  Resources  

•  Roberto  González  Echevarría,  Alejo  Carpen,er:  The  Pilgrim  at  Home  

•  C  L  R  James,  The  Black  Jacobins  •  Peter  Fritzsche,  Stranded  in  the  Present  

•  hIp://artsone-­‐open.arts.ubc.ca