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Transcript of Alcohol use and binge drinking among Hispanic/Latino subculture youth, and the differences in the...
Alcohol use and binge drinking among
Hispanic/Latino subculture youth, and the differences in
the affect of acculturation
Hal Johnson, MPHFlorida Substance Abuse Program Office and the
FSU Florida Center for Prevention Research
June 4, 2012Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
Omaha, Nebraska
Background
• Risky behaviors vary among different races/ethnicities
• Hispanic ethnicity is a growing portion of the US population
• Many programs/interventions have been developed to reduce risky behaviors, including underage drinking, among Hispanic youth.
Background
• However, most of these programs don’t distinguish between Hispanic subcultures
• Spanish, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central American and other Hispanic cultures, while sharing some aspects, are different
• Examining differences between these subcultures in the US is challenging for several reasons
Background
• Challenges
– Immigration patterns - limited diversity of Hispanic subcultures in most areas
– Underage drinking – limited age range means limited population
– Few databases include information on ethnicity at a level lower than “Hispanic”
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
• Annually since 2000– Even years – County level (~60,000)
– Odd years – State level (~8,000)
• Grades 6 through 12
• Based on Communities That Care Survey
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
How do you describe yourself? (You can choose one answer, or more than one)American Indian/Native American or
Alaska NativeAsianBlack/African AmericanSpanish/Hispanic/LatinoNative Hawaiian or other Pacific IslanderWhite/CaucasianOther
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
Which one of these ethnic groups BEST describes you? (Choose only one answer)Central American (Guatemalan, Nicaraguan,
Honduran, for example)Cuban or Cuban AmericanDominicanMexican or Mexican AmericanPuerto RicanOther Hispanic, Latino or Spanish originHaitianWest Indian or CaribbeanNone of these
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
• Consistent differences by race/ethnicity– Whites use at the highest rate– Black youth use at lowest rate– Hispanic youth use at a slightly lower
rate than non-Hispanic Whites• Similar results from other school
based surveys such as Monitoring the Future
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
16.6%
9.7%
15.1%
0.0%
20.0%
White Black Hispanic
Binge Drinking by 6th - 12th graders in Florida, 2010
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
Hispanic Youth Population Trend
* Source: Florida Office of Economic and Demographic Research (Age 10-17)
Florida youth Ethnicity (FYSAS)
Hispanic Subcultures among Florida youth (FYSAS)
Data Considerations
• Use even year data• Exclude 2000
– Changes made in race/ethnic variables
• Compare each year for variations• Combine years• Weight to adjust for sample size
Population Proportion Across Years
Combined Dataset Ethnicities
Hispanic Non-Hispanic Total N
2002 10,467 52,467 62,934 2004 12,140 48,205 60,345 2006 12,684 43,668 56,352 2008 20,343 70,351 90,694 2010 16,563 56,234 72,797
Combined 72,197 270,925 343,122
Hispanic Non-Hispanic Total N2002 10,467 52,467 62,9342004 12,140 48,205 60,3452006 12,684 43,668 56,3522008 20,343 70,351 90,6942010 16,563 56,234 72,797
Combined 72,197 270,925 343,122
Past-30-day Alcohol Use
Binge Drinking
Odds Ratios
Past-30-day alcohol useOR Lower Upper
Central American .792 .749 .838 *Cuban .919 .877 .962 *Dominican .825 .758 .897 *Mexican .865 .817 .917 *Puerto Rican .871 .832 .912 *Other Hispanic 1.039 .995 1.086
Binge DrinkingOR Lower Upper
Central American .797 .742 .857 *Cuban .829 .782 .879 *Dominican .854 .768 .948 *Mexican 1.021 .952 1.095Puerto Rican .838 .791 .889 *Other Hispanic .981 .929 1.036
* p < .001
99% C.I.
99% C.I.
Reference Group:Non-Hispanic
White
Control Variables:AgeGenderMother’s
educationFather’s education
Acculturation
“Acculturation … is now commonly viewed as a
multidimensional process in which one maintains aspects of their culture of origin while also adopting elements of the new
cultural group.”Coatsworth and Maldonado-Molina. J Community Psychol. 2005. 33(2).
Acculturation
• Acculturation has been implicated as a risk factor for substance use and other unhealthy behaviors
• 1990 to 2000 Hispanic Population Growth*– 50% increase in # American-born
Hispanics– 81% increase in # born in other
countries• In 2000, 40% of all Hispanics and
54% of southern US Hispanics were foreign born*
*Saenz, R. www2.asanet.org/public/saenz_brief.ppt
Acculturation
• Length of time in the US related to less acculturation
• Language spoken at home is reasonable proxy for length of time in US and acculturation
• FYSAS has one question on language spoken at home
Acculturation
FYSAS question:
What is the language you use most often at home?EnglishSpanishAnother Language
Language Spoken at Home
English Spanish English SpanishCentral American 10830 2254 82.8 17.2Cuban 5807 3402 63.1 36.9Dominican 2078 1333 60.9 39.1Mexican 6946 7966 46.6 53.4Puerto Rican 10807 4720 69.6 30.4Other Hispanic 6446 5894 52.2 47.8ALL HISPANIC 42914 25569 62.7 37.3
Frequency Percent
Past-30-day Use and Binge Drinking by Language Spoken at Home – All Hispanic Youth
Odds Ratios – Language Spoken at Home
OR Group:Speak Spanish at
Home
Reference Group:Speak English at
Home
Control Variables:AgeGenderMother’s educationFather’s education
ALL HISPANIC YOUTHOR Lower Upper
Past-30-day Alcohol .917 .881 .956 *Binge Drinking .975 .926 1.026
*p<.001
99% C.I.
Past-30-Day Alcohol Use by Language Spoken at Home
Binge Drinking by Language Spoken at Home
Odds Ratios – Language Spoken at Home
Past-30-day alcohol useOR Lower Upper
Central American .934 .833 1.047Cuban .855 .783 .933 *Dominican 1.016 .859 1.203Mexican .760 .680 .851 *Puerto Rican .898 .816 .988 **Other Hispanic .948 .871 1.032
Binge DrinkingOR Lower Upper
Central American .791 .681 .919 *Cuban .942 .841 1.055Dominican .976 .789 1.207Mexican .869 .759 .995 **Puerto Rican 1.001 .886 1.130Other Hispanic 1.039 .934 1.155
*p<.001 **P<.01
99% C.I.
99% C.I.
OR Group:Speak Spanish at
Home
Reference Group:Speak English at
Home
Control Variables:AgeGenderMother’s educationFather’s education
Summary
• All Hispanic youth in Florida drink and binge drink at a rate between NH-Whites and NH-Blacks
• But there are differences among the Hispanic subcultures– Central American youth less likely to drink or
binge than others– “Other Hispanic” youth more likely to drink or
binge than others– Mexican youth more likely to binge than others
Summary
• Hispanics speaking Spanish at home less likely to report past-30-day use, but not binge drinking
• Subculture differences:– Cuban, Mexican and Puerto Rican youth
show past-30-day acculturation affect– Central American and Mexican youth
show binge drinking acculturation affect– No other significant differences
Conclusions
• FYSAS provides an excellent opportunity to investigate AOD use and other risky behavior among Hispanic subpopulations– Large and growing Hispanic youth
population– More diverse Hispanic population than
most states– Annual youth survey with large N and
useful ethnicity and acculturation questions
Conclusions
• Hispanic youth are not homogeneous– There are differences in alcohol use and
binge drinking among subcultures– There are differences in the affect of
acculturation on likelihood to drink or binge drink
• Taking subculture into account can add to the effectiveness of targeted prevention programs