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Alcohol Alcohol comes from the fermenting of sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and grains The...
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Transcript of Alcohol Alcohol comes from the fermenting of sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and grains The...
Alcohol Alcohol comes from the fermenting of
sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and grains
The ethanol (alcohol) itself is what causes all of the symptoms on the next slide, especially decreased brain activity
Alcohol A DRUG that is produced by a chemical reaction
(fermentation) in fruits, vegetables, and grains.
Depressant-slows down the functions of the brain and central nervous system Altered speech
slurred speech Hazy thinking Slowed reaction time Dulled hearing Impaired vision
Blurry vision Weakened Muscles Foggy memory
black outs
Decreases activity in the brainhttp://sciencenetlinks.com/interactives/alcohol/ebook/pages/central-nervous-system.htm
What would you do?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuFIyYKsmos
Indiana Lifeline Law http://www.indianalifeline.org/index.html (video)
Indiana’s Lifeline Law grants immunity to intoxicated minors who seek medical attention for a friend but the law doesn’t protect everyone involved.
The law only provides minors immunity for crimes such as: public intoxication, possession, consumption, and transportation of alcohol.
Any other offense greater than those such as: providing alcohol to a minor, operating while intoxicated, or possessing a controlled substance (illegal drugs or prescription medicines) is not covered by the Lifeline Law.
Indiana Lifeline Law Minors get immunity after they’ve shown that
they’re acting in good faith by cooperating with police and by staying at the scene until help arrives.
The law does not cover the person receiving treatment or who needs medical attention. It only covers the person helping to seek medical attention. This is because Indiana does not support binge
drinking and its consequences; they also do not want to encourage binge drinking
“Make the call. Get help. Save a life.”
What is a “drink?” .5-/.6 oz of pure alcohol=1
drink
Typically that is equivalent to: 12 ounces of beer 5 ounces of wine 3 ounces of fortified wine
1.5 ounces of hard liquor, generally a shot (not pictured)
Or drink on the rocks5 ounces of cider
What is a “drink?” So what if a person had a margarita that had 3 ounces
of tequila in it?
Remember that 1.5 ounces of hard liquor is technically 1 drink
Even though they ordered and had 1 beverage, they actually had 2 servings (2 “drinks”) of alcohol
=
How Alcohol Enters the Body
20% is absorbed in the stomach
80% is absorbed in the small intestine
The alcohol then enters the bloodstream
The alcohol reaches the brain within 30 seconds of consumption
20%
80%
Blood Alcohol Concentration
BAC-the amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream
BAC is expressed as the percentage of the total amount of blood in the body that is alcohol
At a BAC of .02 percent, most people will begin to feel lightheaded
At a BAC of .08 the person is considered legally intoxicated (DWI)
A BAC of .3 is considered deadly
Alcohol Effects Depend On…
Body Size/Age-smaller people are affected more quickly than larger people
Gender-females are affected more quickly than males
Medicine-alcohol mixed with medicine or other drugs can be deadly! Alcohol can make the effects of other drugs stronger
Food-Food in the stomach slows down alcohol absorption
General Health-Someone who is tired and sick will be affected more quickly
Amount drank/Time frame-drinking a lot and doing so quickly will overwork the liver and cause intoxication
How Alcohol Exits the Body
The liver breaks down about 95% of the alcohol consumed at a rate of about .5 ounces per hour 1 drink (pure alcohol) per hour
The rest is eliminated through your breath, urine, and sweat
If you intake multiple drinks (pure alcohol) per hour your body will struggle to get rid of the alcohol; this is when you become intoxicated.
If you have taken in too much alcohol your body will find other means to get rid of the alcohol such as vomiting
Immediate Effects
As alcohol enters the bloodstream a person begins to feel the affects of the alcohol
As soon as the alcohol reaches the brain, the person’s reaction time slows down
The drinker then has lowered inhibitions Inhibitions-a restraint of a person’s own
behaviors or actions. Their inhibitions keep a person from making
embarrassing and poor choices
Immediate Effects As the person continues to drink, they will
become intoxicated (drunk) Intoxicated-physically and mentally impaired by
the use of alcohol
Short Term Effects Intoxication
Slurred speech
Blurred vision
Slowed reaction time
Impaired judgment
Lowered inhibitions poor judgment &
decisions
Nausea
Vomiting
Sweating
Hang over
Diarrhea
Death due to alcohol poisoning or poor life choices
Long Term Effects Long-term use of alcohol in excessive quantities
is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body.
The developing adolescent brain is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol
Long Term Effects:Mouth and Throat
People who drink large amounts of alcohol are more likely to develop mouth or throat cancer
The lining of your throat can be destroyed, leading to bleeding of the throat
Long Term Effects:Stomach and
Pancreas Alcohol irritates the lining of the stomach, after all it does have to work to absorb it, and increases the amount of acid in the stomach This constant increase in acid makes the lining of
the stomach red and swollen and can lead to ulcers
Drinking can cause the valve between the stomach and the esophagus to weaken, which can lead to heartburn
Excessive drinking can cause inflammation of the pancreas, known as pancreatitis and increase the risk for pancreatic cancer
Long Term Effects: Liver
Because the liver breaks down most of the alcohol in the body, it is one of the most seriously affected organs due to alcohol use Fatty Liver Disease-this is when fat builds up in the
liver and prevents it from functioning normally Cirrhosis-scarring of the liver tissue. The damaged
liver cannot do one of its main functions—remove poisons from the body, which can eventually damage the brain
Both of these conditions can be fatal, as your liver filters toxins from your blood
Long Term Effects: Heart
High BP due to damage of the heart muscle which makes the heart weak and enlarged
This increases the risk of congestive heart failure (your heart fails to keep working) and stroke
Long Term Effects: Brain
Memory loss, dementia, confusion
Learning difficulty
Damage to the nerves, which can result in a numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
Sleep problems
Depression
All of these affects can be exaggerated in the developing adolescent brain
Long Term Effects: Drinking While
Pregnant Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
can occur if alcohol is consumed during pregnancy. FAS or Fetal Alcohol Syndrome affects the child.
There is no specific amount of alcohol that a woman has to drink to affect her baby.
The alcohol travels through the mothers bloodstream and directly into the babies bloodstream through the umbilical cord.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
FAS-a group of alcohol-related birth defects; both physical and mental
Affects Poor growth while the baby is in the womb and after Decreased muscle tone and poor coordination Delayed development and significant functional problems
in 3 or more major areas: thinking, speech, movement, or social skills (as expected for the babies age)
Heart defects and kidney problems (95%) Because alcohol limits oxygen supply to the babies brain,
learning disabilities and mental retardation can occur Behavioral problems
Binge Drinking Binge Drinking-the consumption of
several alcoholic drinks in a very short period of time Men: 5 per hour, Women: 4 per hour
Very common amongst teen drinkers
Dangers include: Death due to falls, downing, drunk driving Loss of virginity, pregnancy, or
contraction of an STD Being a victim of a violent behavior Being an offender of a violent behavior
Impaired judgment No means No, silence means no, must be
an enthusiastic “YES!” Death from alcohol poisoning http://teenshealth.org/teen/drug_alcohol/alcohol/
binge_drink.html#a_Physical_Health
Alcohol Poisoning
Alcohol Poisoning-when a person drinks an excessive amount of alcohol it can kill the drinker
Binge drinking is VERY dangerous because the person can die of alcohol poisoning. Remember that alcohol is a drug.
A person with alcohol poisoning is often NOT helped because… Their friends are intoxicated and don’t make good
decisions or don’t even notice Their “friends” don’t want to get in trouble for drinking
(remember the Lifeline Law!!) Those with the drinker they they have just passed out
and they will sleep it off and wake up in the morning…
Signs & Symptoms Alcohol poisoning signs and
symptoms include: Confusion Vomiting Seizures Slow breathing (less than eight
breaths a minute) Irregular breathing (a gap of more
than 10 seconds between breaths) Blue-tinged skin or pale skin Low body temperature (hypothermia)
Clammy Passing out (unconsciousness) and
can't be awakenedhttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/alcohol-
poisoning/DS00861/DSECTION=symptoms
What to do if someone has
Alcohol Poisoning Alcohol poisoning is an emergency! If you're with someone who has
been drinking a lot of alcohol and you see any of the signs or symptoms, here's what to do:
Call 911 immediately! Never assume that a person will sleep off alcohol poisoning
Be prepared to provide information. the kind and amount of alcohol the person drank, and when.
Don't leave an unconscious person alone. Because alcohol poisoning affects the way your gag reflex works, someone with alcohol poisoning may choke on his or her own vomit and not be able to breathe. While waiting for help, don't try to make the person vomit because he or she could choke.
Help a person who is vomiting. Try to keep him or her sitting up. If the person must lie down, make sure to turn his or her head to the side — this helps prevent choking. Try to keep the person awake to prevent loss of consciousness.
One Destructive Decision
Carson’s Story http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUKLHa4f7
h4
Drinking and Driving Commercial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jc7SMQ5U
9KM
I killed a man http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=MmpK_EshSL4
Real Life Examples
http://www.ddreform.org/Articles/Towery100.html
Valedictorian, class president, 3 sport athlete
Freshman studying at IU to be a doctor and help save lives
One “fun” night, a few impaired decisions, and 3 lives lost
Dane, a 21 year from my home town, was sentenced to 12 years in 2006 after 3 people were killed when Dane decided to drive while intoxicated.
Alcoholism Addiction-the physical or psychological need
for a drug Physical Dependence-when the body feels a
direct need for the drug (physical addiction) Nausea, sweating, shaking
Psychological Dependence-when the mind feels a need for the drug. Unable to limit drinks, drink alone or hide drinking,
rituals of drinking at a certain time, irritable when your experiencing withdrawal
Alcoholism Alcoholism-a progressive, chronic disease
involving a mental and physical need for alcohol
Alcohol Abuse-pattern of drinking that results in one or more well-defined behaviors within a 12-month period The person is not yet physically dependent on
alcohol
More Than Physical
Loss of… Job Money Friends Family
Depression Suicidal Abusive towards family
Alcohol doesn’t just affect the drinker…
5 Major Symptoms of Alcoholism
Denial
Craving
Loss of Control
Physical Dependence
Tolerance-a process in which the body needs more and ore of a drug to get the same effect A person’s BAC doesn’t change, but someone
with a high alcohol tolerance doesn’t show as many outward signs of being intoxicated.
Stages of Alcoholism
Stage 1: The person starts using alcohol to relieve stress
or to relax Looking for opportunities to drink Gradual increase in tolerance
Stage 2: Person has times of memory-loss or blackouts
from drinking Doing or saying hurtful things Beginning to sneak drinks and makes excuses
for drinking
Stages of Alcoholism
Stage 3: The alcoholic loses control. They may intend to have one
drink, but they end up having many and can’t stop. May become aggressive or unreliable. May lie and
become deceitful. Start to avoid family and friends and have problems with
work and money May notice tremors and the start of sever physical
problems
Stage 4: The person lives to drink; they drink all day Long periods of being intoxicated Strange thinking or hallucinations Malnutrition