Alan Fisher - Ifremer
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From single species to ecosystem-based management Simon Jennings CEFAS, UK
Transcript of Alan Fisher - Ifremer
From single species to ecosystem-based management
Simon JenningsCEFAS, UK
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
From single species to ecosystem-based management
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
From single species to ecosystem-based management
Successes and failings of SS and EBM
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
From single species to ecosystem-based management
Successes and failings of SS and EBM
Information for decision making ?
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
From single species to ecosystem-based management
Successes and failings of SS and EBM
Information for decision making ?
Conclusions
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
3. Genetics of exploited populations
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
3. Genetics of exploited populations
4. Bycatches of vulnerable species
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
4. Bycatches of vulnerable species
3. Genetics of exploited populations
5. Effects on food web structure and function
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
4. Bycatches of vulnerable species
3. Genetics of exploited populations
5. Effects on food web structure and function
6. Effects on habitat
Fisheries impacts on biodiversity
1. Target species
2. Low productivity species in mixed fisheries
4. Bycatches of vulnerable species
3. Genetics of exploited populations
5. Effects on food web structure and function
6. Effects on habitat
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Single species management often failed due to the impossibilityof meeting social, economic and ecological objectives simultaneously
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Single species management often failed due to the impossibilityof meeting social, economic and ecological objectives simultaneously
Science advice often played a small role in a complex decision-making process
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Single species management often failed due to the impossibilityof meeting social, economic and ecological objectives simultaneously
Science advice often played a small role in a complex decision-making process
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Even if biodiversity conservation objectives are set and tenure exists, better biodiversity conservation is not expected without:
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Even if biodiversity conservation objectives are set and tenure exists, better biodiversity conservation is not expected without:
1. strong societal support for biodiversity conservation
2. economic incentives favouring biodiversity conservation
3. effective monitoring and enforcement
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Even if biodiversity conservation objectives are set and tenure exists, better biodiversity conservation is not expected without:
1. strong societal support for biodiversity conservation
2. economic incentives favouring biodiversity conservation
3. effective monitoring and enforcement
Thus some top-down centralised management will be needed
Success and failings of single species and ecosystem-based management
Will ecosystem-based approaches nullify the failings of single species management and improve biodiversity conservation?
Even if biodiversity conservation objectives are set and tenure exists, better biodiversity conservation is not expected without:
1. strong societal support for biodiversity conservation
2. economic incentives favouring biodiversity conservation
3. effective monitoring and enforcement
Thus some top-down centralised management will be needed
Therefore, better prospects in wealthier countries
Information for decision making
Information for decision making
Fisheries effects on many aspects of biodiversity are poorly known and difficult to monitor
Information for decision making
Fisheries effects on many aspects of biodiversity are poorly known and difficult to monitor
If operational objectives for biodiversity conservation can be set, managers will want to know about the progress of management in relation to objectives
Information for decision making
Fisheries effects on many aspects of biodiversity are poorly known and difficult to monitor
If operational objectives for biodiversity conservation can be set, managers will want to know about the progress of management in relation to objectives
Resources to indicate the success/ failure of management in relation to many of the potential biodiversity conservation objectives will usually be negligible
Information for decision making
Resources to indicate the success/ failure of management in relation to many of the potential biodiversity conservation objectives will usually be negligible
Information for decision making
Resources to indicate the success/ failure of management in relation to many of the potential biodiversity conservation objectives will usually be negligible
Therefore, if biodiversity conservation objectives are set……
Information for decision making
Resources to indicate the success/ failure of management in relation to many of the potential biodiversity conservation objectives will usually be negligible
Therefore, if biodiversity conservation objectives are set……
Short-term targets will frequently have to be based on the pressure and not the biological impact of the fishery
Conclusions
ConclusionsThe shift from single-species to ecosystem-based management does not ensure that social, economic and ecological objectives can be met simultaneously
ConclusionsThe shift from single-species to ecosystem-based management does not ensure that social, economic and ecological objectives can be met simultaneously
As the profile of biodiversity conservation increases, so society may start to exert more pressure on Governments to set operational objectives for biodiversity conservation and bear the high short-term costs of meeting them
ConclusionsThe shift from single-species to ecosystem-based management does not ensure that social, economic and ecological objectives can be met simultaneously
As the profile of biodiversity conservation increases, so society may start to exert more pressure on Governments to set operational objectives for biodiversity conservation and bear the high short-term costs of meeting them
Prospects for effective conservation are better in countries where Governments can bear these costs
ConclusionsThe shift from single-species to ecosystem-based management does not ensure that social, economic and ecological objectives can be met simultaneously
As the profile of biodiversity conservation increases, so society may start to exert more pressure on Governments to set operational objectives for biodiversity conservation and bear the high short-term costs of meeting them
Prospects for effective conservation are better in countries where Governments can bear these costs
Even if conservation is effective, Governments will get very little short-term feedback to judge policy success or failure unless targets are set for fishing pressures as well as impacts
