ALAMEDA COUNTY MATERNAL, CHILD, AND YOUTH HEALTH INDICATORS · ALAMEDA COUNTY MATERNAL, CHILD, AND...

ALAMEDA COUNTY MATERNAL, CHILD, AND YOUTH HEALTH INDICATORS

Community Assessment Planning and Evaluation Unit (CAPE)Alameda County Public Health Department

Health Care Services AgencyAugust 2017

Lisa Goldberg, MPCAH Epidemiologist, Alameda County Public Health Department.Contact by phone at 510-267-8024 or by email: [email protected]

Key Questions

1. Who is giving birth in Alameda County?

2. How healthy are moms and infants in Alameda County and what health inequities exist?

3. How healthy are youth and women of child bearing age in Alameda County and what inequities exist?

4. How has Alameda County been doing over time and within different communities?

5. How is Alameda County doing compared to Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) and within California?

2

Types of Data Presented3

Count: Number of events or cases at a given point in time.

Counts are used to look at the magnitude of the health event within a

population.

In 2014, there were 19,573 births in Alameda County.

Percentage: proportion of total events over the total population

that can be affected at a given point in time.

Percentages are used to compare populations of different sizes for example

comparing different races/ethnicities.

In 2014, 7.6% of all Asian births were low birth weight births.

Types of Data Presented4

Rate: measure of a health event in a specific population over a set time period. Rates are used to compare populations of different sizes or over different time

periods, for example comparing Alameda County over time 2000-2014.

The Alameda County birth rate went from 15.3 births per 1,000 population in 2000 to 12.5 births per 1,000 population in 2014.

Ratio: a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second. Ratios are used to show health disparities or to compare outcomes across

different populations in the same time period.

In 2014, The percentage of low birth weight births among African Americans was 2.6 times the percentage of low birth weight births among Whites.

Births

Age

Foreign–Born Moms

First-Time Moms

Medi-Cal Births

Unintended Pregnancies

Unmet Need for Family Planning

Who is giving birth in Alameda County?5

Trends

Race/Ethnicity

Location/Place

Birth Trend in Alameda County, 2000-2016

22,148

21,414

19,572 19,555

18,000

19,000

20,000

21,000

22,000

23,000

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016*

Nu

mb

er o

f B

irth

s

Source: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2000-2016.

6

15.3

15.014.8

14.7

14.2 14.3 14.414.5

14.0

13.5

12.7

12.412.6

12.312.5

12.312.1

11.0

11.5

12.0

12.5

13.0

13.5

14.0

14.5

15.0

15.5

16.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015*2016*

Bir

th R

ate

(# b

irth

s/1

,00

0 p

op

ula

tio

n)

Annual Birth Rate Trend in Alameda County, 2000-20167


Birth Rate Trend by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2014

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

2000-02 2002-04 2004-06 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Bir

th r

ate

(Bir

ths

per

1,0

00

po

pu

lati

on

)

PacIsl

Hisp/Lat

Asian

All Races

AfAm/Black

White

Multirace

AmerInd

8


Number of Births by Race/Ethnicity, 2014

5,973

5,323

4,552

1,783

1,135

558218

300

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Asian Latino White AfricanAmerican

Other/Unknown Multirace Pacific Islander American Indian

Nu

mb

er o

f B

irth

s

9

Source: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2014.

19,572 Births

Birth Rate by Race/Ethnicity, 201410

18.1

14.714.0

12.5

10.1

8.8 8.5

7.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

PacificIslander

Latino Asian All Races AfricanAmerican

White Multirace AmericanIndian

Bir

th r

ate

(Liv

e B

irth

s/1

,00

0 p

op

ula

tio

n)


Birth Rate by City/Place, 201411


5.4

7.4

8.3

10.0

11.0

11.1

11.6

12.1

12.4

12.5

12.5

13.1

13.3

13.6

13.7

14.2

14.8

15.1

15.3

15.6

Piedmont

Berkeley

Pleasanton

Castro Valley

Fairview

Alameda

San Lorenzo

San Leandro

Livermore

Alameda County

Union City

Emeryville

Fremont

Newark

Oakland

Albany

Hayward

Dublin

Cherryland

Ashland

Percentage of Births by Alameda County Hospital, 2008-201412


0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Perc

enta

ge o

f A

nn

ual

Bir

ths

Alta Bates (Berkeley)

Kaiser Hayward/SanLeandroWashington (Fremont)

Kaiser Oakland

Highland General(Oakland)ValleyCare (Pleasanton)

St Rose (Hayward)

Eden (Castro Valley)

Home Births

Source: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2000 and 2014

Percentage of Total Births by Age Category, 2000 v. 201413

10-19 years 7.8%

20-34 years 73.4%

35-49 years 18.8%

2000 Births

10-19 years 2.9%

20-34 years 70.8%

35-49 years 26.2%

2014 Births

Teen Birth Rate Trend by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2014

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2000-02 2002-04 2004-06 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Tee

n B

irth

Rat

e (B

irth

s p

er 1

,00

0 f

emal

es a

ges

15

-19

yea

rs)

Hisp/Lat

AfAm/Black

PacIsl

All Races

Multi

White

Asian

14


31.5

24.3

17.2

11.7

7.9

2.91.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Pacific Islander Latino AfricanAmerican

All Races Multirace White Asian

Teen

Bir

th R

ate

(# b

irth

s 1

5-1

9 y

ears

/1,0

00

p

op

ula

tio

n 1

5-1

9 y

ears

)

Teen Birth Rate by Race/Ethnicity, 201415


565 Teen Births

Percentage of First Child Births (First-time Moms) by Race/Ethnicity, 2014

17

50.7%49.0% 47.8%

44.4%41.7%

36.7%35.3% 35.2%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Multirace White Asian All Races AfricanAmerican

AmericanIndian

PacificIslander

Latino

Perc

enta

ge F

irst

Ch

ild B

irth

s (%

)


10,884 First Child Births

Percentage Births to Foreign-born Mothers by Race/Ethnicity, 201418

81.8%

54.2%48.8% 48.2%

20.1%17.2%

10.6%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Asian Latino All Races PacificIslander

White AfricanDescent

Multirace

Perc

enta

ge o

f b

irth

s


9,550 Foreign-born Mom Births

Top 5 Countries of Mothers’ Birth, 201419

Asian

Ranking CountryNumber live

births 1 India 1,6282 China 1,136

3 US 1,087

4 Philippines 664

5 Other Foreign 387

6 Vietnam 363

Source: Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2014.

Latino

Ranking CountryNumber live

births 1 US 2,4382 Mexico 2,047

3 El Salvador 311

4 Other Foreign 270

5 Guatemala 251

Percentage of Medi-Cal Births Trend by Race/Ethnicity*, 2000-2014

20


*Medi-Cal births are underestimates due to missing data

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

2000-02 2002-04 2004-05 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Perc

enta

ge o

f M

edi-

Cal

Bir

ths

Hisp/Lat

AfAm/Black

PacIsl

All Races

Multirace

Asian

White

Unintended Pregnancies US

In 2011, 45% (2.8 million/6.1 million) pregnancies in the US each year were unintended.

In 2011, 5% of reproductive-age women had an unintended pregnancy each year.

Demographic Disparities Teen Moms (15-17 years) & Young Moms (18-24 years)

Poor Women (<200% Federal Poverty Level)

Less than high school education

Single/Cohabitating Moms

Racial/Ethnic Groups

21

Source: Guttmacher Institute. Unintended Pregnancy in the US, Fact Sheet September 2016. https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/unintended-pregnancy-united-states

Unintended Pregnancies CA

In 2010, 48% of all pregnancies (393,000) in California were unintended.

CA unintended pregnancy rate in 2010: 50 per 1,000 women aged 15–44 years.

Range: 32/1,000 to 62/1,000

CA has a high rate of unintended pregnancies compared to other states

In 2010, 42% of unintended pregnancies in California resulted in births; 45% in abortions; the remainder resulted in miscarriages.

In 2010, federal and state government spent $1.8 billion on unintended pregnancies in CA.

22

Source: Guttmacher Institute. State Facts about Unintended Pregnancy in CA, Fact Sheet September 2016. https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/state-facts-about-unintended-pregnancy-california

Unmet Need for Family Planning Services in CA

In 2014, over 2.6 million CA women aged 13-44 years were in need of publicly funded family planning services.

Publicly funded family planning centers in CA served 1.3 million female clients in 2014.

Publicly funded family planning centers in CA helped avert over 321,000 unintended pregnancies in 2010.

This would have resulted in 156,000 unplanned births and 116,00 abortions.

This saved the state and federal government over $1.79 billion.

23

Source: Guttmacher Institute. Unintended Pregnancy in the US, Fact Sheet September 2016. https://www.guttmacher.org/fact-sheet/unintended-pregnancy-united-states

Prenatal Care

Breastfeeding

Premature Birth

Low Birth Weight

Very Low Birth Weight

Infant Deaths

Fetal Deaths

How healthy are moms & infants in Alameda County?24

2012-2014 Data

Trends

Race/Ethnicity

Compared to HP2020 & California

Percentage of First Trimester Prenatal Care Trend by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2014

77%

68%

78%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

2000-02 2002-04 2004-05 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Perc

enta

ge o

f 1

st T

rim

este

r En

try

into

Pre

nat

al C

are

Asian

White

All Races

AfAm/Black

Multirace

Hisp/Lat

AmerInd

PacIsl

25


100.0%

88.9%

84.3%82.9%

81.2% 80.3%78.7%

70.5%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

AmericanIndian

White Multirace All Races Latino Asian AfricanAmerican

PacificIslander

Perc

enta

ge E

xclu

sive

ly B

reas

tfed

New

bo

rn in

H

osp

ital

(%

)

*

Percentage of exclusive early breastfeeding by race/ethnicity, 2015

Source: California Department of Public Health, In-Hospital Breastfeeding, 2015. https://archive.cdph.ca.gov/data/statistics/Documents/County%20of%20Residence%20x%20Race_Ethnicity%20Report%202015.pdf

26

1.3 times

*American Indian Percentage is likely an overestimate due to small population.

Percentage of Premature Births Trend by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2014

14.9%

11.8%

6.4%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

2000-02 2002-04 2004-05 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Perc

enta

ge o

f P

rem

atu

re B

irth

s (<

37

wee

ks g

esta

tio

n a

ge)

AfAm/Black

All Races

Multirace

Asian

White

PacIsl

Hisp/Lat

27


1.9 times

11.6%

7.6%

6.9%6.5% 6.2%

5.3%

4.5%

2.1%

1.1% 1.2% 1.2%0.8%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

AfricanAmerican

Asian All Races Multirace Latino Pacific Islander White

Perc

enta

ge L

ow

& V

ery

Low

Bir

th W

eigh

ts (

%)

Low Birth Weight (<2,500 g) Very Low Birth Weight (<1,500 g)

Percentage Low Birth Weight (LBW) and Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) Births by race/ethnicity, 2014

28

2.6 times

2.6 times

1,351 LBW Births, 244 VLBW BirthsSource: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2014.

Number of Infant Deaths Trend in Alameda County, 2000-2014

29

101

132

90

97

109 106

90

105

89

78

94

80

73

86

75

70

90

110

130

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Nu

mb

er o

f In

fan

t D

eath

s


Infant Mortality Rate Trend in Alameda County, 2000-2014

30


4.9 4.9

4.6

4.9

4.9

4.8

4.5

4.34.3 4.3

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.0

2000-02 2001-03 2002-04 2003-04 2004-05 2005-07 2006-08 2007-09 2008-10 2009-11 2010-12 2011-13 2012-14

Infa

nt

Mo

rtal

ity

Rat

e (p

er 1

,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s)

African American 27.8% (22)

Latino 25.6% (20)

Asian 19.7% (15)

White 17.5% (14)

Multirace 6.4% (5)

Pacific Islander 0.9% (1)

Other/Unknown 0.9% (1)African

American 9.8% (1,894)

Latino 27.6% (5,350)

Asian 29.7% (5,752)

White 23.7% (4,599)

Multirace 2.8% (4,599)

Pacific Islander 1.1% (209)

Other/Unknown 5.2% (1,011)

Percentage of Births v. Infant Deaths by Race/Ethnicity, 2012-2014

31

Births=19,397 Infant Deaths= 78


Infant Mortality Rate Trend by Race/Ethnicity, 2000-2014

10.6

11.7

9.3

10.210.8

12.011.7

9.5

8.17.6

8.9

10.4

11.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2000-02 2002-04 2004-05 2006-08 2008-10 2010-12 2012-14

Infa

nt

Mo

rtal

ity

Rat

e (p

er 1

,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s)

AfAm/Black

All Races

Hisp/Lat

White

Asian

32


4.3 times

Leading Causes of Infant Death in Alameda County, 2012-2014

Cause3-Yr Total Number

Percent

Congenital Malformations & Chromosomal Abnormalities 52 22%

Disorders Related to Short Gestation & Low Birth Weight 30 13%

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 23 10%

Newborn Affected by Complications of Placenta, Cord, Membranes

11 5%

All Other Causes 118 50%

Total 234 100%


33

SIDS Deaths in Alameda County

34

Over the last five years, Alameda County had an average of 8 SIDS cases per year.


African American 37.5% (15)

Latino 15.0% (6)

Asian/Pacific Islander

15.0% (6)

White 12.5% (5)

Multirace 15.0% (6)

SIDS cases in Alameda County by Race/Ethnicity, 2010-2014

5 -Year Total

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

SID

S p

er 1

,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s

SIDS Trend in Alameda County

The trend shows a slight decrease in SIDS rates over time that is not statistically significant (p=0.07)

13.5

9.5

5.4

4.2 4.1

2.9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

African American Multirace All Races Asian Latino White

Feta

l Mo

rtal

ity

Rat

e (F

etal

dea

ths/

1,0

00

bir

ths+

feta

l d

eath

s)

Fetal Mortality Rate by Race/Ethnicity, 2010-201235

4.7 times

Source: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2010-2012.104 average annual fetal deaths, 2010-2012.

Comparisons: Infant Health Indicators36

Indicator HP2020 California Alameda County AC RankingHigh risk

R/E Group1st Trimester Prenatal

Care77.9% or

more83.5% 90.1% 3/58

Pacific Islanders79.3%

Breastfeeding Initiation81.9% or

more68.8% 82.9% ―

Pacific Islanders70.5%

Exclusive Breastfeeding3 months after delivery

46.2% 27.4% 34.0% ― ―

Sources: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2014.Healthy People 2020.California Department of Public Health (CDPH) 2016 County Health Profiles. California Department of Public Health In-Hospital Breastfeeding 2015.Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA), 2013-214.

Comparisons: Infant Health Indicators37

Indicator HP2020 California Alameda County AC RankingHigh risk

R/E Group

Premature Births 11.4% or less 8.8% 8.2% ―African Americans

11.9%

Low Birth Weight 7.8% or less 6.7% 6.9% 50/58African Americans

11.6%

Very Low Birth Weight 1.4% or less 1.2% 1.2% ―African Americans

2.1%

Infant Mortality Rate6.0/1000 or

fewer4.7/1000 4.0/1000 18/58

African Americans11.4/1000

Fetal Mortality Rate5.6/1000 or

fewer4.8/1000 5.4/1000 ―

African Americans13.5/1000

Sources: CAPE, with data from Alameda County Vital Statistics files, 2012-2014. Healthy People 2020. California Department of Public Health (CDPH) 2016 County Health Profiles.

The Life Course Perspective in Alameda County38

Racial Redlining in Alameda County

CONCENTRATED POVERTY AND SEGREGATION MATTER

39

Proportion Living in a High Poverty Neighborhood (where >20% of residents are poor) by Race

Source: CAPE with data from American Community Survey, 2006-2010 and Census, 2010

1 in 15 White residents live in high-poverty neighborhoods, compared to:

1 in 9 Asians

1 in 4 Latinos

1 in 3 Blacks

40

Source: CAPE with data from Alameda County death files, 2013-2015; Alameda County birth files, 2012-2014; American Community Survey, 2011-2015; California Dept of Education, 2012-2013

Compared to Whites in the Oakland Hills, Blacks in East Oakland are…

Over 2 times more likely to be born low birth weight

10 times less likely to have a mother with a college degree

32 times more likely to live in poverty

3 times less likely to read at grade level

5 times more likelyto be unemployed

1.3 times more likely to die of stroke

INFANT CHILD ADULT

Cumulative impact:14-year difference in life expectancy

41

Compared to people living in affluent neighborhoods of Alameda County, residents of very high poverty neighborhoods are:

2X more likely to lack

access to employment

Over 4X more likely to be

living in overcrowded

households

Facing nearly 8X higher rates of

homicide

5X more likely to be locked up

as a youth for overwhelmingly

nonviolent offenses

Burdened by a 4X higher density of

industrial chemical and fuel release

sites that pollute water and soil

42

Teen Birth Rate

Infant Mortality Rate

% Low Birth Weight

MCH Indicators by Social Gradient43

Teen Birth Rate by Poverty Level and Race/Ethnicity, 2010-201444


6.0

8.7

13.9

19.9

4.5

7.8

11.2

2.33.3

5.8

10.2

1.81.2

4.5

12.4

0

5

10

15

20

<10% 10-20% 20-30% >30%

Teen

Bir

th R

ate

(# t

een

bir

ths/

1,0

00

po

p 1

5-1

9 y

rs)

Neighborhood Poverty Level

Latino

AfricanAmerican

All Races

White

3.54.0

5.4

10.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

<10% 10-20% 20-30% >30%

Infa

nt

Mo

rtal

ity

Rat

e (d

eath

s/1

,00

0 li

ve b

irth

s)


Infant Mortality Rate by Poverty Level, 2010-201445


2.9 times

% Low Birth Weight by Poverty Level and Race/Ethnicity, 2010-201446


8.6%

9.8%

11.7%

12.4%

6.9%

7.3%7.0%

7.2%

8.4%

6.3%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

<10% 10-20% 20-30% >30%

% L

ow

Bir

th W

eigh

ts (

<2,5

00

gra

ms)


AfricanAmerican

Asian

All Races

Latino

White

RACISM MATTERS, NOT BIOLOGY

Source: Camara Jones, American Journal of Epidemiology, 2001

Impacts of Racism on Health47

Improving African American Birth Outcomes

MPCAH Response: A specific and intensive focus on African American women to reduce perinatal inequities

• Case management for highest risk women and families

• Outreach, pregnancy navigation and support

• Club Mom, Community Baby Showers, Boot Camp for New Dads

• Place-based approaches (Best Babies Zone)

• Financial security programs (Financial Tools and $olutions: asset building grants and financial coaching)

48

Childhood Poverty

High School Dropouts

Homicides

How healthy are youth in Alameda County?49

Race/Ethnicity

29.7%

25.3%

20.1%

13.6% 13.3%

8.0% 7.4%

4.2%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

AfricanAmerican

AmericanIndian*

Latino All races Multirace Asian PacificIslander*

White NH

Perc

enta

ge C

hild

ren

>1

8 y

ears

livi

ng

in p

ove

rty

(%)

Children Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity, 2015

*Data for American Indians and Pacific Islanders is from 5 year census files- 2011-2015.Source: Cape with data from US Census Bureau American Community Survey, 1 year file 2015.

50

7.1 times

26.1%

18.3%

13.6% 13.5%

9.6%

7.4%5.8%

3.9%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

AmericanIndian

AfricanAmerican

PacificIslander

Latino All races Multirace White Asian*

Co

ho

rt H

igh

Sch

oo

l Dro

p O

ut

Rat

e (%

)

High School Drop Out Rate by Race/Ethnicity, 2014-2015

Source: Cape with data from California Department of Education, Cohort Graduation Rates, 2014-2015.

51

6.7 times

African American 62.8%

Latino 20.9%

Asian 5.4%

Multirace 5.4%

White 2.7%

American Indian 1.4%

Pacific Islander 1.4%African

American 12.3%

Latino 28.9%

Asian 25.1%

Multirace 5.5%

White 26.5%

American Indian 0.3%

Pacific Islander 0.9%

Other 0.3%

Percentage of Population v. Homicides (15-24 years)by Race/Ethnicity, 2012-2014

52

Population (15-24)= 212,111 Homicides (15-24)= 43


Women living in Poverty

Less than High School Education

How healthy are women (15-44 years) in Alameda County?

53

Race/Ethnicity

27.0%

19.8%18.8%

15.5% 14.9% 14.3%

11.7%10.5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

AfricanAmerican

AmericanIndian*

Latino PacificIslander*

All races Multirace White NH Asian

Perc

enta

ge W

om

en 1

5-4

4 li

vin

g in

po

vert

y (%

)

Women Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity, 2015


54

2.6 times

Women and Children Living in Poverty by Race/Ethnicity, 2015


55

29.7%

25.3%

20.1%

13.6% 13.3%

8.0% 7.4%

4.2%

27.0%

19.8%18.8%

14.9% 14.3%

10.5%

15.5%

11.7%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

AfricanAmerican

AmericanIndian*

Latino All races Multirace Asian PacificIslander*

White NH

Perc

enta

ge li

vin

g in

po

vert

y (1

00

% F

PL)

Children (<18 years) Women (15-44 years)

Women with Less than High School Education by Race/Ethnicity, 2015

Source: Cape with data from IPUMS USA Integrated files, 1 year file 2015.

56

24.0%

9.7% 9.4% 8.9%7.4%

5.1%3.6%

2.1%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Latino All races AmericanIndian*

AfricanAmerican

PacificIslander

Multirace Asian White

Perc

enta

ge W

om

en 1

8-4

4 y

ears

wit

h le

ss t

han

HS

Edu

cati

on

(%

)

11.4 times

Key Takeaways

1. Who is giving birth in Alameda County( AC)?

There has been a in AC births since 2000. (Ave. 19,500 births per year since 2012.)

Asians and Latinos have the largest # of births. Pacific Islanders have the highest birth rate.

AC has seen a dramatic in teen moms (15-19 years) and an in mature moms (35-44 years).

AC has large % of foreign-born moms (Asian, Latino).

2. How healthy are moms and infants in Alameda County?

Overall, AC moms and infants are very healthy!

AC has high % of moms receiving prenatal care and breastfeeding. (Pacific Islanders inequities persist.)

AC has seen a in infant mortality and preterm births over time.

Other AC indicators have remained steady. Likely due to persistent African American inequities.

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Key Takeaways

3. How healthy are youth and women in Alameda County?

Racial/ethnic inequities exist in key SES indicators: high school completion, homicides, and poverty rates.

African American, Latino, and American Indians children and women are most affected.

4. How has Alameda County been doing over time and within different communities?

High neighborhood poverty is associated with poor mom and infant health outcomes.

Life course approaches are needed.

MPCAH has targeted programs to improve African American mother, infant and child outcomes.

5. How is Alameda County doing compared to Healthy People 2020, within California?

AC does very well compared to other counties on key birth and family planning indicators.

Almost all AC indicators meet or exceed HP2020 benchmarks.

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EVERYONE in Alameda County –no matter who you are,

where you live, how much money you make,or the color of your skin –

can lead a healthy, fulfilling and productive life.

Our Vision of Health Equity59

Data Sources

Alameda County vital statistics files: Birth, Death, and Fetal Deaths

CAPE with data from US Census 2010 and Esri

US Census Bureau, American Community Survey

Guttmacher Institute (Unintended Pregnancy)

California Department of Public Health (CDPH) In-hospital breast feeding Assessment

Healthy People 2020

CDPH 2016 County Health Profiles

California Department of Education

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For Additional Alameda County Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health Indicators:www.acphd.org/data-reports/reports-by-topic/maternal,-child,-and-adolescent-health.aspx

Lisa Goldberg, MPCAH Epidemiologist, Alameda County Public Health Department.Contact by phone at 510-267-8024 or by email: [email protected]

Kiko Malin, Director, Family Health Services Division, Alameda County Public Health Department.Contact by phone at 510-267-5979 or by email: [email protected]

http://www.acphd.org/data-reports/reports-by-topic/maternal,-child,-and-adolescent-health.aspx

http://www.acphd.org/data-reports/reports-by-topic/maternal,-child,-and-adolescent-health.aspx

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

ALAMEDA COUNTY MATERNAL, CHILD, AND YOUTH HEALTH INDICATORS · ALAMEDA COUNTY MATERNAL, CHILD, AND...

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