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DOCUMENT R

D- '3-64\ /rkjOBB 06165

FORM12 -59 610a USE PREVIOUS

EDITIONS SECRET (40)

REPORT COVER SHEET SECRET

REPORT NO.

OBB 6165

FROM DATE OF REPORT

22 January 1963REPORTING OFFICER

C—RD NO.

1 1963REPORTS OFFICER PROJ. Mil....l*V.*Jfiril...MMCO

AERODYNAMIC JAN 3APPROVING OFFICER I SCE CR.

mailitfromfirst the

representative

lot more aboutand probably

informationany dissemination.

membersin new

Resident ofreliable channel.

_Swe en_to fellow

n early

AECASSOWARY/29 __T-,,,,,- NAle'rn,_ER.BACKGROUND DATA AND COMMENTS:

'

1. This_report was received in thefamily where the source_is_staying. . Attives did not want her to talk to AECASSO1ARY/34 *that AECASSOWARY/34.was the .AECASSOWARYtalking and nothing could stop her..

_2. AECASSOWARY/29 has sent further

34. The source must obviously know areport, e.g., first names and job titled,Paragraphs 8 and 16 contain sensitiveand doubtle .Ssly should be omitted fromgraph 8 was at one time one of the leadingorganization and spent many years in jail

_3. Suggested source description:

Western Europe (F), through a usually.

4. AZOASSiaWARY/29 plias-to visitwhen he returns tm a visit to New York

follow-up -requirements

......................................d

AECASSOWARY/34 who visited thesource's Swedish-citizen rela-_Bowyer, when she feund_out

in Sweden, she started

..to AECASSOWARY/

some ;of the subjects in thishas a lot more Wormation4

of „primarily operatiWinterestThe subject Of para-

of , the AECASSOWARY parent-

.s.

Lvov visiting relatives in

pon this debriefingspring.

OPTIONAL: ENTRIES BELOW NEED NOT BE FILLED IN IF DUPLICATED IN ACCOMPANYING REPORTDISTRIBUTION

INTRA . AGENCY EXTRPAGENCY

..."." — SR1 - C_ _D 0 S-2 - WE2 - Brus r

None

COUNTRY

assRNO. OF ENCLOSURES NO. PAGES

SUBJECT

_Various Aspects of Life in theUkrainian SSR during 1962.

...-

REFERENCES

UP.OU 1

APPR,

atiiii0e.ding and. :s .. • G ' n DO I

January - December 1962• FORM USE8.60 146

CS COPY CS TV-/a

Or 6165

:i413.3CT; The situation In the Ukraine in 1962€f-21_LEL- ,P06 C

OUC'Tt OlgeNYMANyatan 40, YALYO,Zweden

DA TT ; 1 n 1963 6 ite,° _§/7Z../.**9770") A.377-14F / 4` /A.1

SgCe 0 5: t t\I

1. The source, a7ed 65, Ukrainian, wido ,tcember 1962residlne in LVOV, lestern Okratne, arrived by Plane from ,v (X;COU atYALMO o to join for woed her on iholodywyr SYY livingat the 6vd . ress. he 14:Xt L/OV about a week before her derartu-re from :TbCOlt. In order to obtain some final documents in thacanital. - 19 whele nrocelure with voP lication lasted for about oneyear. !-1. talked to the ,source on.,10at her house.

2. Cubans in LVOV. At the present time /fall 1962/ thereare many Cubans in LVOV and in :ITV. ost/ly youth. They ire hatedby the 'eraintans. In summer 1962 there were to cases t qat could serveas a reflection on the attitude of the local Ponulatton. In th-e LVOV,0mark park one Cuban was found hanred from a tree and the other oneknived. It Is Eanarally constde re d to be a irisbahaviour for aTJeaintan eirl to go with a Cuban. The only ones w50 keep Cubancompany are Polish and ewish girls. Aottally, the latter are quiteaa,ar to lo so and recently the source knew a case where a Polish,firl married a Cuban and went with him to Cuba.The reason for the hate of Cubans by the local ponulatton lies in thefact that the Cubans are treated with Priority everywh,re. They tatfirst everythin-; admissions at the University, ltving luartets,jobs and even xoods in the s3-res . Their behaviour is very "bla-heall", they treat everybody as inferior to them, and the LocalPopulation cannot stand it.The relations between the Ukrainians and ti e Cul ans became particularlytense during the Cuban crisis. On tie one -land tna norvulace hatedthe Cubans for having them in the kratne a nd eventually to beelaPelled to flEht their Cause. On the other hand some Peo rle honedthat the Cuban crisis will "somehow further develo p@ and aet Nikitainto real trouble".

3. 'LL9 C1.1an crisis. There was eutte a pante luring, thecrists. 1'any people were,however, convinced that rJRUSHC .HTV will backdown. The outcome is conaldare d to be a. zmxt retreat of the bovietUnion but only a partial one. In the po pulation's optnion YTNNEDXdid not take sdtranta pte of tie situation. The pa foola expected hiltto fints# off the Cuba altogether and were quite disappointed-orrice n it didn't haopen.

' 1 4. ::;trikes and disturbanees. Th snm .i.er and autumn 1962peo ple talked about strikes and disturbances in DONBA313. In manycities there were not only st kee but regular street-fightingswith milltla and seecial militeru units. These disturbances werec!aused by the rise of food-prices. CS COPY

,

2 —701 c(--d 9//-

micRoF1,--m-".1"

JAN .6

IcRo. SER.

_ Restricted: _zone. People talk. that in foresta near •

JAVOROV, Lvov obi., there is e."zapretna zone" with miselle-bases.The populace is not allowed to enter these woods.In LVOV the Source saw much military personnel and heard that manynew bUillings . for _military were being built.

5. Ukrainlan..Reelstanne. The memory the. UPA is very livelyin Particuiar among the; youth which contin-z to retell all kinds oflegends about the struggle of the previous years aainst the Russians.One talks generally that General CHUPRYNYA blew his bunker up himselfwhen he was surrounded la ,7 the TIB and there was no other way out.

Accort'ling . to the Source the stru;zgle of the UPA was not .in vain. It increased national consioushees also in the EasternUkraine.. On the whole Ukrainians are getting more and more awareof their etren pth . and don't mind ahowih g it to Russ ian even if theyhave to-tUffer for it. The Source told H. of one Ukrainian Colonelwho lived recently with two other Russians at the same, house as theSource in L/OV and who was to...be. .promoted . to a . Jxeneral.shortly. Atone party. at home he said somethin_to th .effeot. that "now wt447Ietislhg properly 'khakhlachnia' so that bloody 'ketsapadat'"WAlliF'br that he was released fors the Army.

Another case: One day last autumn (1962) Col. MZLETYEi,fnuwho lived at Source's house, came hom very worried. When askedwhat . was the matter with him he replied that a very, pad accident ,happened to him. "Last night somebody hung Ukrainian flags on thertr-le

(poll;ron0 Can you imagine what it is? It must have been done bysomeone from the unit and there will be a real trbuble". "For mepersonally this is a . very unpleasant affair".

. In autumn 1952 the Source went to the POCHAEV-honastary.There she heard people talking that there are still "pldpilniki"(Underground. - members) but they are now civilians. "They Sitquietly and wait for the proper moment".

7.T4mbezzlements, oilfarings, bribes. These are everyday' occurances, in particular among People on hUxher positions, fromkolhosps to Sctory-directors. Recently there is a new increased driveto combat this ."cancer". The peo ple who suffer from that mostly areJews. They are being punished even for the "smallest smu6zlin'.Last year many Jews were arrested and sentenced for sold and foreigncurrency, found at their homes. Some dews disappeared without atrace "like in old Stalinist times".

One of the most famous cases in L1OV recently wasOVSIANYK'S suicide. He was a high party-official "on whom many thingsdepended in LVOV". One day his house was surrounded by the KGB andhe shot himself. They found in his house great sums of money and allkindA.A l yaluables. OVSIANY10,5 misteess tried to get at least a carfor N- Vii£ without success. People talked that OVSIANYK shot himself"for nothine because it turned out that he might have heeri let offlightly for his crime.

8. ST3PLAIA, "Stapaniak w ho to;fether with Statsko composedth• 'aclaretion of the Independence in our buildtng in Lvov in 1941returnel after many yeRre from Siberia. He is now an invalid. TheRussians wanted to .1.ve him high positton but he refused. He livesnow isolated, loi2s not want to many meet any former frTends sincehe knows that they (the FGB) watch him. 4hen I lthe Source) had toleave L'IOV he 1,11ew a out it and throtrEh a woman ased me to ereethis friends in the States but I wonder if I ever will ;zo there".

9. LIO1 is a Ukrainian city. Recently even some Fu tans starta4to talk Ukrainian. In stores, in the street, in public places Ukratniaulanuawa comes more and more to t'la fore.The people talk quite freely and openly criticize t. A.a reg ime, inparticular THRUSHOWN for his unfulfilled. promises.

Llov has ben rebuilt and in this respect there oould be noco:Tparison with the rre -war period.

10." .30ULFA wanted LVOV': People talked that luring one ofHy—the maetings•of r-r7USH'CR71 with aoiqrLyA ,the letter demanded

LVOV to be (,171ven to Poland. HnusHcmzli a.1leely replied that GOMULYAwould have to talk about it to the krainian zovernment in ELIV as

1 he himself had nothing to lo with it. He ,rarnad ,ho'wever, :;omulka\ that the price for the rebuilt T.: OT would be probably much too hieh

for Poland end bettides he must it?qow sensitive were Ukrainiansabout their !;;stern capital.

11. ;'USH^:i 7 ; %ants to be po pular. .,)urce steak, ad tiefact taat as very ken on k .e.. ninrt up his popularityand reo ple were aware of that. i-, wever, it reputation in last two orthree years leereased maitly because of his failuresin the aconow • en tiv,other han ,themava itse ol rITULACHTVTUMIP7or po pularity. an examolSource told ta2 follovine story; One an %at sentenced to a fewyeare l but he was innocent. Hi2 wife tried everywnere in LVOV to gethim also1.fao u_rote to 1I1V and 2-.0..COW ) but In vain.Then someone sues ted her alinri„ to /4- 4RUi^H1V nerEonally. he didso and was received by Nikita himself. He listened to her, toldher to wait for a few Jays tn oscow and then come again. Next timewhen sie Wa s sum%oned to him ,II HRUHVilV told her to 7o home byPlana an her husband will be wettin g for her. The fare was pail byviTSUCHCH, . The woman returned at once to UTOV an! her husbandW95 in!eed welcomin q her at home. 7v1ryt,oly talked atout tois'Deviously unheard of "miracle".

12. ro' 7 1.T7 1,\ON:'ISY. 14 autumn 19 e),.- -ource went to .P3CUATV-,ronestery. he sa% there reo r le from , 11 over 1: rains. vra reorlefrom Rusla Al to .7'"-!,1.17. kt that time t riers were rumours thatthe monAsto , y Aill be s oon closed. T',14 only had increased then11 ,7,rama :a. sa% herself a ,Irrall boy ,0e.trin when he had toleave tle monastery.R-4i.tous fe o lings are very stron,,L- anona ta p po oulation. %ion youth

-t-ecomes 7 ,Dr3 reliPious and t ,is /is a real Problem for the syEtem.

13. leneral . eltuation. In rzeneral tAe living standard hasimUch imhrovsl. ax:tortion of some 2 seasons" there is no1 shortage in the real Eens. All ioods can be obtained even if at Vs,*! rather hth prices. From time to time there is a shorta ge of atand butter but not for long. IleAtt is mainly sunnlied from t'aecountryside which In It turn sets bread '..rom the city. Thl.s is thenormal "procedure" to-day.

In the W .3stern Ukraine oconle liva somewhat betterthat in the astern. Also buildings look 1).ter.

-J7 course, that could be no comparison with(Swelen)butIn relation to Stalin's days there were many real improvements.'

ource heard some city p eople comolain about kolhospnyksbuyin,7 out the bread- Put on the °Vast hand,tey mind gettingmeat when/ there was usually none in stores, and the others remindedthem of this.

:loth and shoe are available ,but at rather highPrices.

14. Zeus. Recently increased presure on jewish population.T'e s-Tna0ue In LVOV was closed In November and at tlesame time

; some dews were arrestel. I; 1962 any dews were F.entenced for@peculation and in og eat many a case lare amounts of money, :S, and

! Jiamo•ds were found.The re g ime does not mind anti-comitlem ,juE7t on the contrary, Itsuprorts it. Tr: particular Rulans are very anti•Zewish.

14UTTYW,fnu. He ic Russlan I but usually speaksUkrainian and likes LVOV. In one case he helped a WOMAII to g et herhusband from *km prison. He Is a regular officer but hRt manyfriends •momz "hid!h people" In LVOV. Zource characterized himas a !zoo:3 hest :lussian with great sympathy for t.lrainians.

a I s s /8_7.:11eri source was leavin for L4eden some

/fri,ahls of heF in I.301 asked her to tell our people in the Statesithat VilLi q1 was a traitor and denounced many mxxxxocombitx of ouriUkralnifins to the nm. He also killed our people with his onj h 7 nds -.--.7,)urinq the aerman occupation he worked with the nrainian 1 Police and than with the KID. At one time he dtsarrneare and

i,T1-75-5-eonla in the nraine were tan'ing that he went to the United\Stateshere is no doubt that they sent him as a spy.

:Hi ri,roi selo LASHEI, Yavoriv-rayon, Western UA•alne.c.source saw f1:HI and could reco;znize him ./Ases i'cr-A.,, T 7v

•

17. Tive control at the 2J1oscov-Atrport was only superficial.The cuSaom officers asked the Source whether zhe had any lettersfor abroad and afte r she replied that if they dOn't trust old womanthey should search for It themSelvea, they let her A7o. In 9SISINFIshe was jolned by her son.

6%774k:6'4 .Ad 6.: In suvp er 196.2 t...ere were founttnear LVOV Some

cllniestine stores of weapons. latter werefreshly)/ oiled and In the best order. The people were talkins thatthey must have :-elonEred to some UnderFround- members who cared forthem. This was also considered to prove that the re Is sttll someUnist-Rrouni-movement.